成人高考高起点英语从句误用辨析
1.中文:那人问我他何时能到达车站。
(误)Themanaskedmethatwhenhecouldreachthestation.
(正)Themanaskedmewhenhecouldreachthestation.(when可引导名词从句,不再使用that.)
2.中文:原因是他不知道如何去做。
(误)Thereasonisbecausehedoesnotknowhowtodoit.
(正)Thereasonisthathedoesnotknowhowtodoit.(because不能引导名词从句。)
3.中文:她写的信在桌子上。
(误)Theletterisonthedeskwhichshewrote.
(正)Theletterwhichshewroteisonthedesk.(定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰词后面。)
4.中文:她是几个通过考试的学生之一。
(误)Sheisoneofthefewstudentswhohaspassedtheexam.
(正)Sheisoneofthefewstudentswhohavepassedtheexam.(oneof+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词。)
5.中文:圆窗户的建筑物是我们的教学大楼。
(误)Thebuildingwhichwindowsareroundisourschoolbuilding.
(正)Thebuildingwhosewindowsareroundisourschoolbuilding.(windows是属于building的,用关系代词的所有格。)
6.中文:那是我们去年参观过的科学博物馆。
(误)That’stheScienceMuseumwherewevisitedlastyear.
(正)That’stheScienceMuseumwhichwevisitedlastyear.(ScienceMuseum是visited的宾语,要用关系代词which,而不能用关系副词where.)
7.中文:那是一本有蓝色封面的书。
(误)Thatisabookthecoverofthatisblue.
(正)Thatisabookthecoverofwhichisblue.(关系代词的所有格用ofwhich,不用ofthat.)
8.中文:他是我见过的令人讨厌的讲演者。
(误)HeisthemostboringspeakerwhoIhaveeverseen.
(正)HeisthemostboringspeakerthatIhaveeverseen.(先行词被形容词或theonly(一的),thesame(同一的),thevery(正是那个),all(全部),any(任何),no(无一),every(每一个),much(多),little(少),none(无一)等词修饰时,常用关系代词that,而不用who或which.)
9.中文:掉进河里的人和马都淹死了。
(误)Themanandthehorsewhofellintotheriverweredrowned.
(正)Themanandthehorsethatfellintotheriverweredrowned.(who只可代替先行词人,that可代替先行词人和物。)
10.中文:这是你花了高价买的车吗?
(误)Isthisthecarforthatyoupaidahighprice?
(正)Isthisthecarforwhichyoupaidahighprice?(关系代词作介词的宾语并放在介词之后时,只能用whom和which;关系代词that如作介词的宾语,只可紧靠先行词,将介词放在句尾。)
(误)Themanaskedmethatwhenhecouldreachthestation.
(正)Themanaskedmewhenhecouldreachthestation.(when可引导名词从句,不再使用that.)
2.中文:原因是他不知道如何去做。
(误)Thereasonisbecausehedoesnotknowhowtodoit.
(正)Thereasonisthathedoesnotknowhowtodoit.(because不能引导名词从句。)
3.中文:她写的信在桌子上。
(误)Theletterisonthedeskwhichshewrote.
(正)Theletterwhichshewroteisonthedesk.(定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰词后面。)
4.中文:她是几个通过考试的学生之一。
(误)Sheisoneofthefewstudentswhohaspassedtheexam.
(正)Sheisoneofthefewstudentswhohavepassedtheexam.(oneof+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词。)
5.中文:圆窗户的建筑物是我们的教学大楼。
(误)Thebuildingwhichwindowsareroundisourschoolbuilding.
(正)Thebuildingwhosewindowsareroundisourschoolbuilding.(windows是属于building的,用关系代词的所有格。)
6.中文:那是我们去年参观过的科学博物馆。
(误)That’stheScienceMuseumwherewevisitedlastyear.
(正)That’stheScienceMuseumwhichwevisitedlastyear.(ScienceMuseum是visited的宾语,要用关系代词which,而不能用关系副词where.)
7.中文:那是一本有蓝色封面的书。
(误)Thatisabookthecoverofthatisblue.
(正)Thatisabookthecoverofwhichisblue.(关系代词的所有格用ofwhich,不用ofthat.)
8.中文:他是我见过的令人讨厌的讲演者。
(误)HeisthemostboringspeakerwhoIhaveeverseen.
(正)HeisthemostboringspeakerthatIhaveeverseen.(先行词被形容词或theonly(一的),thesame(同一的),thevery(正是那个),all(全部),any(任何),no(无一),every(每一个),much(多),little(少),none(无一)等词修饰时,常用关系代词that,而不用who或which.)
9.中文:掉进河里的人和马都淹死了。
(误)Themanandthehorsewhofellintotheriverweredrowned.
(正)Themanandthehorsethatfellintotheriverweredrowned.(who只可代替先行词人,that可代替先行词人和物。)
10.中文:这是你花了高价买的车吗?
(误)Isthisthecarforthatyoupaidahighprice?
(正)Isthisthecarforwhichyoupaidahighprice?(关系代词作介词的宾语并放在介词之后时,只能用whom和which;关系代词that如作介词的宾语,只可紧靠先行词,将介词放在句尾。)