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成人高考高起点英语复习笔记九

2008年12月22日来源:233网校

  一、被动语态构成 be+done

  一般现在时 am/is/are+done

  一般过去时was/were +done

  一般将来时will/shall/be going to +be done

  完成时 have/has/had been done

  进行时 be being done

  不及物动词不用被动语态:happen,take place,occur,break out

  正确理解各种常见时态的被动语态

  被动语态表示主语是动作的承受着。例如The old doctor is respected by everyone.

  被动语态谓语动词be+及物动词的过去分词。

  被动语态共有十种时态。 以动词tell为例,其被动语态的各种时态构成如下:

  下面以往届高考题中出现的被动语态为例说明其具体用法。

  一般现在时

  In some parts of the world,tea_______with milk and sugar.

  A.is serving

  B.is served

  C.serves

  D.served

  答案: B. 在世界上一些地区,茶里放有牛奶和糖一起(被)供应。

  一般过去时:

  This is Ted's photo. We miss him a lot. He____trying to save a child in the earthquake.

  A. killed

  B.is killed

  C.was killed

  D.was killing

  答案: C

  从句中"This ia Ted's photo. We miss him a lot."

  可知Ted已经死了,因 此"kill"应为过去的动作,而且是被动语态。

  现在完成时:

  All the preparations for the task________,and we're ready to start.

  A.completed

  B.complete

  C.had been completed

  D.have benn completed

  答案: D

  All the preparations与complete之间应为被动关系,故排除 A,B.依 据 we are ready to start,故排除C.

  现在进行时:

  A new cinema________here. They hope to finish it next month.

  A.will be built

  B.is built

  C.has been built

  D.is being built

  答案:D.从后面的提示看,这项工程还没有完工,故应正在建设中,而且是被动语态,故答案为 D.

  一般将来时:

  Hundreds of jobs________if the factory closes.

  A. lose

  B.are lost

  C.will be lost

  D.will lose

  答案: C

  此题中包含一个if引导的条件状语从句,从句用现在时代替将来时,因此主句应用一般将来时,而且句意为被动,故答案为 C.

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