成人高考高起点英语复习笔记九
一、被动语态构成 be+done
一般现在时 am/is/are+done
一般过去时was/were +done
一般将来时will/shall/be going to +be done
完成时 have/has/had been done
进行时 be being done
不及物动词不用被动语态:happen,take place,occur,break out
正确理解各种常见时态的被动语态
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受着。例如The old doctor is respected by everyone.
被动语态谓语动词be+及物动词的过去分词。
被动语态共有十种时态。 以动词tell为例,其被动语态的各种时态构成如下:
下面以往届高考题中出现的被动语态为例说明其具体用法。
一般现在时
In some parts of the world,tea_______with milk and sugar.
A.is serving
B.is served
C.serves
D.served
答案: B. 在世界上一些地区,茶里放有牛奶和糖一起(被)供应。
一般过去时:
This is Ted's photo. We miss him a lot. He____trying to save a child in the earthquake.
A. killed
B.is killed
C.was killed
D.was killing
答案: C
从句中"This ia Ted's photo. We miss him a lot."
可知Ted已经死了,因 此"kill"应为过去的动作,而且是被动语态。
现在完成时:
All the preparations for the task________,and we're ready to start.
A.completed
B.complete
C.had been completed
D.have benn completed
答案: D
All the preparations与complete之间应为被动关系,故排除 A,B.依 据 we are ready to start,故排除C.
现在进行时:
A new cinema________here. They hope to finish it next month.
A.will be built
B.is built
C.has been built
D.is being built
答案:D.从后面的提示看,这项工程还没有完工,故应正在建设中,而且是被动语态,故答案为 D.
一般将来时:
Hundreds of jobs________if the factory closes.
A. lose
B.are lost
C.will be lost
D.will lose
答案: C
此题中包含一个if引导的条件状语从句,从句用现在时代替将来时,因此主句应用一般将来时,而且句意为被动,故答案为 C.
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