5)由连接词连接两个名词作主语的情况:
由and连接的两个名词作主语时:如果两个名词表示不同的事物,谓语动词用复数;若两个名词表示同一事物或一个整体时(这种情况通常是第一个名词前有冠词,第二个名词前没有冠词),谓语动词用单数;但两个名词前均被each,every,no修饰时,谓语动词用单数。
The writer and the professor are coming to our school.
那位作家和那位教授正赶往我们学校。
The professor and writer offers writing course in our school.
那位教授兼作家在我们学校开设写作课。
Every teacher and every student has the chance to join the club.
每一位老师和学生都有机会加入这个俱乐部。
由or,not only…but also,either…or,neither...nor,not...but等连接两个名词作主语时:根据就近原则确定谓语动词的单、复数。
Not only you but also he is going to participate in the election.(is就近跟he,而不跟you)
不光是你,他也准备加入选举。
He or we two are going to the countryside.(are就近跟we,不跟he)
或者他,或者我们俩会去乡下。
注意:若either或neither单独作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。
Neither is here.
两个人都不在。
Either has come.
两人都来过。
由with,together with,along with,as well as,in,out of,except,rather than,like等介词或短语连接的两个名词作主语时,谓语动词的单、复数根据这些词或短语前面的名词确定。
He together with his classmates is going to the new park.(is跟he,而不跟复数classmates)
他准备和他的同学一起去新开的公园。
You as well as your boyfriend have the tickets for the movie.
你和你的男朋友都有电影票。
6)The+形容词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
The wounded have been sent to the hospital.
伤者已经被送往医院了。
7)There be句型中的be的单、复数由后面的名词而定;如果有两个以上的名词则采用就近原则。
There is only a boy in the group.
这个组里只有一个男孩。
There are many books in the room.
这个房间里有很多书。
There is a girl,two boys and three adults in the room.(is就近跟单数girl)
这个房间里有一个女孩、两个男孩、三个成人。
8)定语从句中,关系代词作主语时,从句中的谓语动词应与关系代词所指代的先行词一致。
The young man who is talking to Jane is our Dew boss.
跟Jane谈话的那个年轻人是我们的新老板。(主句是the young man is our new boss,从句是who is talking to Jane。Man是先行词,who指代man。Man是单数,所以,从句中的谓语动词用单数is)
These are the dictionaries that were newly published.
这些就是刚出版的字典。(主句是these are the dictionaries,从句是that were newly published。dictionaries是先行词,that指代dictionaries,dictionaries是复数,所以,从句中的谓语动词用复数were)
注意:one of+名词复数,后面的从句中的谓语动词用复数,表示整体包括这一个;the(only)one of+名词复数,后面的从句中的谓语动词用单数,表示整体不包括这一个。
She is one of my students who have studied abroad.
她是我的那些出国念过书的学生中的一个。(整体包括她)
She is the only one of my students who has been abroad.
她是我学生中唯一出过国的。(整体不包括她)
例题及说明:
例l:Jenny is the only one of the grade who selected to school fashion-show team.(2007)
A.is
B.are
C.has
D.have
说明:考查定语从句的主谓一致。答案:A。Who指的是one,one是who的先行词,指的是Jenny。因此,谓语动词应用单数;被选为是被报考,应选is。【句子大意】Jenny是这个年级唯一被选人校服装表演队的。
例2:Most of the athletes have come to understand:what matters not winning but
participatin9.(2006)
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
说明:考查主语从句的主谓一致。答案:A。What matters是what引导的主语从句,谓语动词要求单数。【句子大意】大部分运动员已经开始明白真正重要的是参与,而不是赢。
例3.More than ten percent of the workers from Italy.(2004)
A.is
B.comes
C.was
D.are
说明:考查百分比的主谓一致。答案:D。百分数后面的名词是复数,则谓语动词应是复数形式。【句子大意】超过百分之十的工人来自意大利。
2018报名条件:2018年成人高考报名条件
2018报考指南:2018年成人高考报考指南