IV. Reading (60%)
Passage One
    The cultural values of a society determine the social norms of the society. The SOCIAL NORMS are the group-shared rules of behavior. These norms are the expected ways of behaving in the society based on the shared values--the purposes and goals of that society. For example, because we place some value on physical modesty, we have the social norm of wearing clothes in public. To be an accepted member of society, one must live by the rules which that society imposes.
When an individual does not behave according to these norms, that person is considered a deviant. A person who walks down the main street of an American city with no clothes on is regarded as a deviant, that is, a person who does not follow the standard rules of behavior.
Some norms apply to all persons in a particular situation. For example, in our culture all persons are expected to be quiet in a library; obey the traffic signals; eat with a knife, fork and spoon; stand during the playing of the National Anthem ; and pay their bills. These are just a few of the many norms that every member of our society is expected to follow. 

1. As used in this passage, a deviant is someone who _______
A. is a popular member of society              
B. uses his money to help others
C. is a respected leader of society              
D. does not obey the rules of society
2．The social norms of a society are determined by_______
A.  the government                             
B.  members of the upper class
C.  cultural values                            
D.  the military
 3．We can easily see that______
A. following some social norms is required by law
B. every person in America follows the social norms
C. social norms do not change from decade to decade
D. cultural values are the same for every society
4．Based on the passage which of the following actions is a form of deviant behavior?
A. Being quiet in church.
B. Going to school.
C. Cheating on a test.
D. Wearing clean clothes.
Passage Two
      Would you like to spend all evening reading a lovely story with beautiful illustrations and make $35，000 at the same time? Millions of people all over the world tried to do just that．Only one succeeded．The book is called Masquerade，and was written by British painter Kit Williams．Within its pages are clues to the location of a golden jewel，and whoever figured out the clues could find and keep the treasure．
   Some years ago，Williams was asked to write a children’s book．Wanting to do some
thing no one else had done before，he decided to bury a golden treasure and tell where it was in the book．He began painting without a clear idea of what the story would be about，where he would bury the treasure，or even what the treasure would be．As he painted，he decided that in the story a hare，or rabbit，would travel through earth，air，fire and water to deliver a gift from the moon to the sun．
    After three years，he finished the paintings and then wrote the story．The treasure became an l8carat gold hare，adorned with precious stones，and it was made by Kit Williams himself．This beautiful jewel，worth around $35,000，depending on gold prices，was buried somewhere in Britain，free to anyone who could decipher the clues．Williams’s book kept people of all ages amused trying to solve the mystery of Masquerade．
    The rabbit was finally found in the spring of l 982，by a 48-year-old design engineer．
    It was buried in a park about thirty-five miles from London．
5．The function of the first sentence in this passage is to       ．
A．give detail   
B．sum up the story
C．capture the reader’s interest
D．elaborate upon a point
6．When Williams began working on his book，he        ．
A.  was paid $35，000
B．learned to paint
C．had already buried the treasure
D．did not know what the story would be about
7．We can conclude from the passage that      ．
A．the clues in Masquerade are easy to decipher
B．Kit Williams has many artistic talents
C. many people bury treasures in Britain
D．Kit Williams said he would pay $35，000 to whoever found the treasure
8．This passage is about      .
A．British painters   
B．golden jewelry
C．a modern treasure hunt
D．writing children’s hooks
Passage Three
     Americans are well known for the strange diets they always seem to be following. It seems that Americans like to diet almost as much as they like to eat. New types of diet plans are always coming out. Usually, though, they don't stay popular for long.
     There are many diets on the market. It is often difficult to know which ones really work. It's also hard to believe how fast a dieter is supposed to shed pounds. A lot has been written about dieting. And some interesting facts about diets and foods have been discovered.
     For example, did you know that the more celery you eat, the more weight you will lose? Celery has "negative" calories. The body burns up more calories digesting a piece of celery than there are in the celery stick itself.
     Dieters shun potatoes because they think they are fattening. But they aren't. A potato has about the same number of calories as an apple. To gain a single pound, you would have to eat eleven pounds of potatoes !
     Some dieters even worry about getting fat from licking postage stamps. But they have nothing to worry about. The glue on an average stamp has only about one-tenth of a calorie. Maybe a diet of post- age stamps would be popular!
9. This passage is all about______
A. vegetables           B. fads            C. Americans        D. dieting
10. Celery is a good food for the dieter because______
A. it has a lot of protein                     B. vegetables are not fattening
C. it has "negative" calories                   D. it is easy to digest
11. The shun is to______
A. love               B. hate         C. avoid               D. fear
12. One could conclude from this passage that______
A. dieting is not a healthy practice
B. everyone diets
C. there is only one good way to lose weight
D. dieting can be confusing

Passage Four
      How can we get rid of garbage? Do we have enough energy sources to meet our future energy needs?
      These are two important questions that many people are asking today. Some people think that man might be able to solve both problems at the same time. They suggest using garbage as an energy source, and at the same time it can save the land to hold garbage.
      For a long time, people buried garbage or dumped it on empty land. Now, empty land is scarce. But more and more garbage is produced each year. However, garbage can be a good fuel to use. The things in garbage do not look like coal, petroleum, or natural gas; but they are chemically similar to these fossil fuels. As we use up our fossil-fuel supplies, we might be able to use garbage as an energy source. Burning garbage is not a new idea. Some cities in Europe and the United States have been burning garbage for years. The heat that is produced by burning garbage is used to boil water. The steam that is produced is used to make electricity or to heat nearby buildings. In Paris, France, some power plants burn almost 2 million tons of the cities garbage each year. The amount of energy produced is about the same as would be produced by burning almost a half million barrels of oil.
      Our fossil fuel supplies are limited. Burning garbage might be one kind of energy source that we can use to help meet our energy needs. This method could also reduce the amount if garbage piling up on the earth.
13. What two problems can man solve by burning garbage?
A. The shortage of energy and air pollution.
B. The shortage of energy and the land to hold garbage.
C. Air pollution and the shortage of fossil fuel.
D. Air pollution and the shortage of land to hold garbage.
14. According to the passage, using garbage is______
A. for heating in France each year
B. a new way in a modern society
C. a good way to solve the problem of energy shortage
D. too expensive as an energy source
15. What is the author's attitude?
A. Delighted.     B. Sad.          C. Agreeing.     D. Disagreeing.
16. The best title for the passage may be______
A. Garbage and the Earth                     B. Fossil Fuel and Garbage
C. Land and Garbage                        D. Garbage? Energy Source

Passage Five
      On October 17, 1829, Sam Patch did what he had said he would do. He perched on a platform built beside Niagara Falls, and jumped into the river a hundred feet below. A big crowd had gathered to watch Sam's well-advertised leap. The spectators held their breath as the daredevil hit the swirling water. At last his head burst out of the foam, thirty feet clear of the falls. The crowd let out a mighty roar. Men waved their hats and yelled out the expression that had become Sam's trademark : "There's no mistake in Sam Patch!"
Sam began his career as a leaper in 1827, when he jumped eighty feet into the Passaic River, from a bridge that was still under construction. He was delighted with the notoriety he received. He traveled from town to town, jumping from masts, cliffs and bridges. Then he made his great conquest of Niagara Falls.
Sam was spurred on by the widespread public excitement over his successful leap from the Falls. He turned to the higher Genesee Falls for his next feat. On November 13, a scaffold was constructed 125 feet above the base of the Fails. A huge crowd gathered on both river banks. At 2:00 pm, Sam climbed the shaky scaffold, made a brief speech, and jumped. Once again there was hushed silence as his body smacked the water. But this time Sam didn't resurface.
Sam's body was pulled from the mouth of the river the following spring. Even so, for years after ward, a legend persisted that the great Sam Patch was still alive.
17. What is the general idea of the passage?
A. Genesee Falls is a dangerous place.
B. Sam Patch jumped at Niagara Falls.
C. There's no mistakes in Sam Patch.
D. Sam Patch was a popular leaper.
18.  Sam jumped into the Passaic River from a______
A. cliff    B. scaffold    C. bridge     D. mast
19. The passage implies that
A. Sam Patch is still alive
B. Sam Patch was a foolish man
C. jumping from high bridges was not very dangerous
D. Sam Patch loved to get a lot of attention
20. "Swirling" water is
A . very rough             B . cold                   
C . boiling                D . deep
V. Daily conversation(15%)
A. How about it
B. She didn’t know
C. get the money for you
D. we didn’t have it
E. it’s a size 40
F. it’s wrong color
G. get a right one for you
H. What’s the matter with it

John: Hi, Miss, can I return this shirt?
Saleswoman :  1__
John: It' s the wrong size. I wear size 42, but   2__
Saleswoman: I remember now. Your wife bought it yesterday. She wanted size 41, but  3    . She then took the smaller size.
John:     4  that I now wear size 42.
Saleswoman:  We don' t have a size 42, either. Ok, I' ll   5__

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