2016年成人高考高升本每日一练(4月21日)
在线测试本批《每日一练》试题，可查看答案及解析，并保留做题记录 >> 在线做题
单项选择题
1、
A．a>b>c
B．c>b>a
C．c>a>b
D．a>c>b
2、 秋分日时，我国的天气状况是（ ）
A．北方大部分地区受“副热带高压”控制
B．长江中下游地区开始进入伏旱季节
C．全国大部分地区秋高气爽
D．快行冷锋南下，易造成寒潮灾害
3、阅读下列短文，回答题。
It may be pointed out that warfare(战争)as practiced by mall has no parallel in nature．
This is to say that within the more highly developed animal populations of this earth，there is not now．norhas there been similar destruction within a species(物种)itself．In fact，one has to go to the lowliestforms of animal life．such as certain kinds of ants，to find anything comparable to human warfare．It isa curious fact that mankind appears to give the killing of his own kind a good reason by imaging thatit is a“law of nature”．There are now a lot of wrong ideas about the laws of nature，of which this isone of the most incorrect and fateful(致命的)．Political beliefs have been based upon it with resultsthat have come near to destroying human civilization．The theory that war is a biological necessity，that it is nature’s method of controlling population and believing in the survival(生存)of the strongand the elimination(灭亡)of the weak，is totally wrong and insupportable．Within the last centur．y，when wave been common all over the world，the human population of the earth has almost doubled．
The main idea of this passage is___________．．
A．wadhre is a“law of nature’’
B．Waflare is not a‘‘law of nature’’
C．warfare does not control human population
D．none of the lowlier animals，except ants，practice warfare upon their own species
4、 We__________ the last bus and didn't have any money for taxi, so we had to walk home．
A．reached
B．lost
C．missed
D．caught
5、! don' t remember who spoke first that night, but all of us__________ the same opinion．
A．are expressing
B．have expressed
C．expressed
D．express
6、根据下面内容，回答题：
浑善达克沙地是距北京近的大沙地，距北京不足200公里。对北京影响的系列风沙灾害的沙源地就是它。它的生态环境直接影响到北京、天津和整个华东地区的生态安全。
说起浑善达克沙地的治理，首先要弄清生态退化的原因。在支持生态系统的6大环境因子中，这里的光照没有变化，温度正常波动，氧气含量也没有变化，二氧化碳稍有增加，总体雨量正常，部分年份还偏高。
我们都知道在温带以及寒带地区，雨、热、光是同期的，既然适合植物生长的气象条件仍存在，为什么草地的生长一年不如一年?原因存在于土壤和矿物质的巨大变化，草地生态系统的物质循环被人为中断了，土壤损失严重；在日益减少草地覆盖的条件下，疏松的土壤在冬春季被风吹走：“皮之不存，毛将焉附?”元素不能循环使生态系统的运转失去了一个“轮子”。例如，锡林郭勒某牧场因常年出售牲畜及其产品和燃烧牛粪，造成氮素严重损失，损失的氮相当于78600吨硫酸氨。欲维持该牧场的氮平衡需要每年输入560吨纯氮，但遗憾的是这部分输入几乎为零，这对土壤系统的破坏是致命的。
人口增加是主要的原因。随着人对生活追求的增加，牲畜数量更是急剧增加，50年内，当地净增加牲畜1700倍，草地的压力急剧加大，超过了极限。社区生活方式的变化以及由于这种变化而实行的政策导向也是重要的原因。由游牧而定居，且追求现代化的生活目标，更加重了草地的退化。
实际上，在元代以前，浑善达克沙地基本没有太大的人为压力，人很少，天然放牧；元忽必烈时代开始对这片土地利用；明嘉靖三十三年(1554)定居开始出现；清朝初年(1616～1644)招徕大批汉民佣种，并开放牧场，但清中期的“休养生息”政策，使这里的土地稳定了200年。1912年垦务总局成立，使这里草地退化开始起步。但是，的几次生态破坏出现在20世纪的50年代和70年代——两次草地垦殖高潮，“以粮为纲”，“牧民不吃亏心粮”等政策，鼓励了对天然草地的掠取。致命的破坏还是近的十年，飞速发展的畜牧业使草场到了崩溃的边缘。
我国历史上曾有过成功的草地恢复模式。例如，清朝统一全国后，出现了连续200年的政策稳定，将草场范围划区固定(皇家禁地)，分区轮牧，灾年赈济。对草地利用的核心是让草地能够“休养生息”。
浑善达克沙地生态退化的根本原因是（ ）
A．草地生态循环系统遭到破坏
B．人口和牲畜数量的急剧增加
C．人们由游牧而定居，且追求现代化的生活目标
D．“以粮为纲”，“牧民不吃亏心粮”等政策
7、 阅读下列短文，回答题。
As a young adult, Noah Webster was a teacher. At that time, the colonies were fighting for independence from Britain, yet the books that American children used in school all came from Britain.
The books were all about British people and British places. Webster wrote books with examples that would mean more to the Americans --a grammar book, a spelling book, and a reader. These books were very popular, and millions of them were sold.
Webster was interested in changing the spelling of words. He wanted words to be spelled the way they were pronounced. For example, he thought the word "head" should be spelled " hed", and the word "laugh" should be spelled "laf".
Many people like Webster's suggestions. However,few words were actually changed. One group of words that were changed were words in which an unpronounced "u" followed an "o".
That is why Americans write "color" and "labor", and the British write "colour" and "labour".
With the money he made from his books, Webster was able to do what he was interested in. It was the first American English dictionary,published in 1838. Webster's dictionary had over 70,000 words and gave the meaning and origin of each. To this day, Webster's work is the example that most dictionaries of American English follow.
According to the first paragraph, Webster wrote books to__________.
A．earn money
B．get rid of Britain people
C．fight for independence
D．give better textbooks for children
简答题
8、 (本小题满分12分)已知函数f(x)=ex-e2x．
(I)求f(x)的单调区间，并说明它在各区间的单调性；
(Ⅱ)求f(x)在区间[0，3]上的值和小值．
9、如图8-11所示，一个半径R=1m的四分之一圆轨道的底端与水平面连接．一个质量为2 kg的小物体A以初速度v0=10 m／s沿水平面运动了距离18 m后在圆轨道的底端与另一个质量相等的小物体B发生完全非弹性碰撞后粘在一起，它们沿圆弧运动到C点时速度为零．已知A与水平面间的摩擦因数μ=0．1，求：(取g=10 m／s2．)
(1)碰撞后A、B运动的速度；
(2)A、B在圆弧轨道上克服摩擦力的功．
10、 设{an}是一个公差为d(d≠0)的等差数列，它的前10项和S10=110，且a1，a2，a4成等比数列．
(I)证明：a1=d；
(Ⅱ)求公差d的值和数列{an}的通项公式．
1、
A．a>b>c
B．c>b>a
C．c>a>b
D．a>c>b
2、 秋分日时，我国的天气状况是（ ）
A．北方大部分地区受“副热带高压”控制
B．长江中下游地区开始进入伏旱季节
C．全国大部分地区秋高气爽
D．快行冷锋南下，易造成寒潮灾害
3、阅读下列短文，回答题。
It may be pointed out that warfare(战争)as practiced by mall has no parallel in nature．
This is to say that within the more highly developed animal populations of this earth，there is not now．norhas there been similar destruction within a species(物种)itself．In fact，one has to go to the lowliestforms of animal life．such as certain kinds of ants，to find anything comparable to human warfare．It isa curious fact that mankind appears to give the killing of his own kind a good reason by imaging thatit is a“law of nature”．There are now a lot of wrong ideas about the laws of nature，of which this isone of the most incorrect and fateful(致命的)．Political beliefs have been based upon it with resultsthat have come near to destroying human civilization．The theory that war is a biological necessity，that it is nature’s method of controlling population and believing in the survival(生存)of the strongand the elimination(灭亡)of the weak，is totally wrong and insupportable．Within the last centur．y，when wave been common all over the world，the human population of the earth has almost doubled．
The main idea of this passage is___________．．
A．wadhre is a“law of nature’’
B．Waflare is not a‘‘law of nature’’
C．warfare does not control human population
D．none of the lowlier animals，except ants，practice warfare upon their own species
4、 We__________ the last bus and didn't have any money for taxi, so we had to walk home．
A．reached
B．lost
C．missed
D．caught
5、! don' t remember who spoke first that night, but all of us__________ the same opinion．
A．are expressing
B．have expressed
C．expressed
D．express
6、根据下面内容，回答题：
浑善达克沙地是距北京近的大沙地，距北京不足200公里。对北京影响的系列风沙灾害的沙源地就是它。它的生态环境直接影响到北京、天津和整个华东地区的生态安全。
说起浑善达克沙地的治理，首先要弄清生态退化的原因。在支持生态系统的6大环境因子中，这里的光照没有变化，温度正常波动，氧气含量也没有变化，二氧化碳稍有增加，总体雨量正常，部分年份还偏高。
我们都知道在温带以及寒带地区，雨、热、光是同期的，既然适合植物生长的气象条件仍存在，为什么草地的生长一年不如一年?原因存在于土壤和矿物质的巨大变化，草地生态系统的物质循环被人为中断了，土壤损失严重；在日益减少草地覆盖的条件下，疏松的土壤在冬春季被风吹走：“皮之不存，毛将焉附?”元素不能循环使生态系统的运转失去了一个“轮子”。例如，锡林郭勒某牧场因常年出售牲畜及其产品和燃烧牛粪，造成氮素严重损失，损失的氮相当于78600吨硫酸氨。欲维持该牧场的氮平衡需要每年输入560吨纯氮，但遗憾的是这部分输入几乎为零，这对土壤系统的破坏是致命的。
人口增加是主要的原因。随着人对生活追求的增加，牲畜数量更是急剧增加，50年内，当地净增加牲畜1700倍，草地的压力急剧加大，超过了极限。社区生活方式的变化以及由于这种变化而实行的政策导向也是重要的原因。由游牧而定居，且追求现代化的生活目标，更加重了草地的退化。
实际上，在元代以前，浑善达克沙地基本没有太大的人为压力，人很少，天然放牧；元忽必烈时代开始对这片土地利用；明嘉靖三十三年(1554)定居开始出现；清朝初年(1616～1644)招徕大批汉民佣种，并开放牧场，但清中期的“休养生息”政策，使这里的土地稳定了200年。1912年垦务总局成立，使这里草地退化开始起步。但是，的几次生态破坏出现在20世纪的50年代和70年代——两次草地垦殖高潮，“以粮为纲”，“牧民不吃亏心粮”等政策，鼓励了对天然草地的掠取。致命的破坏还是近的十年，飞速发展的畜牧业使草场到了崩溃的边缘。
我国历史上曾有过成功的草地恢复模式。例如，清朝统一全国后，出现了连续200年的政策稳定，将草场范围划区固定(皇家禁地)，分区轮牧，灾年赈济。对草地利用的核心是让草地能够“休养生息”。
浑善达克沙地生态退化的根本原因是（ ）
A．草地生态循环系统遭到破坏
B．人口和牲畜数量的急剧增加
C．人们由游牧而定居，且追求现代化的生活目标
D．“以粮为纲”，“牧民不吃亏心粮”等政策
7、 阅读下列短文，回答题。
As a young adult, Noah Webster was a teacher. At that time, the colonies were fighting for independence from Britain, yet the books that American children used in school all came from Britain.
The books were all about British people and British places. Webster wrote books with examples that would mean more to the Americans --a grammar book, a spelling book, and a reader. These books were very popular, and millions of them were sold.
Webster was interested in changing the spelling of words. He wanted words to be spelled the way they were pronounced. For example, he thought the word "head" should be spelled " hed", and the word "laugh" should be spelled "laf".
Many people like Webster's suggestions. However,few words were actually changed. One group of words that were changed were words in which an unpronounced "u" followed an "o".
That is why Americans write "color" and "labor", and the British write "colour" and "labour".
With the money he made from his books, Webster was able to do what he was interested in. It was the first American English dictionary,published in 1838. Webster's dictionary had over 70,000 words and gave the meaning and origin of each. To this day, Webster's work is the example that most dictionaries of American English follow.
According to the first paragraph, Webster wrote books to__________.
A．earn money
B．get rid of Britain people
C．fight for independence
D．give better textbooks for children
简答题
8、 (本小题满分12分)已知函数f(x)=ex-e2x．
(I)求f(x)的单调区间，并说明它在各区间的单调性；
(Ⅱ)求f(x)在区间[0，3]上的值和小值．
9、如图8-11所示，一个半径R=1m的四分之一圆轨道的底端与水平面连接．一个质量为2 kg的小物体A以初速度v0=10 m／s沿水平面运动了距离18 m后在圆轨道的底端与另一个质量相等的小物体B发生完全非弹性碰撞后粘在一起，它们沿圆弧运动到C点时速度为零．已知A与水平面间的摩擦因数μ=0．1，求：(取g=10 m／s2．)
(1)碰撞后A、B运动的速度；
(2)A、B在圆弧轨道上克服摩擦力的功．
10、 设{an}是一个公差为d(d≠0)的等差数列，它的前10项和S10=110，且a1，a2，a4成等比数列．
(I)证明：a1=d；
(Ⅱ)求公差d的值和数列{an}的通项公式．
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