2015年成人学位英是非判断题解题法
是非判断题
是非题的出题形式有三正一误或三误一正。
三正一误
Which of the following is true except…?
Which oI the following is mentioned except…?
Which of the following is not true?
Which of the following is not mentioned?
三误一正
Which of the following is true?
三正一误是指三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容；而三误一正是指三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容。
(一)定位法
根据题干或选项中的关键词返回看原文，找到相关句，与选项相比较就能确定答案。
例16
Each state has some local school districts with extensive authority and responsibil-ity for establishing and regulating public elementary and secondary schools. Each local school district has a board of education,usually made up of 5 to 7 members,who have been appointed by higher officials or elected by citizens of the school district. Within the limits of State policy,the board operates the local public school system through the school superintendent(主管)and his or her staff.
The functions of the board of education in determining education policies, and of the superintendent of schools in executing these policies,include a broad range of du- ties and responsibilities. Together, the board and the superintendent are responsible for preparing the school budget. They usually have considerable freedom within broad State policy to determine most aspects of the curriculum. They are responsible for hir- ing teachers and other school personnel, providing and maintaining school buildings, purchasing school equipment and supplies, and, in most cases, providing transportation facilities for pupils who live beyond a reasonable walking distance from school. Their duties also include establishing rules and regulations consistent with State law and reg- ulations of the State Department of Education governing operation of the schools.
1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Members of the school boards are usually appointed by the State Department of Education and selected by the local people.
B. Although each school may have its own size and feature, fundamental courses are the same.
C. In the United States, school children can have the right to be bused to their schools.
D. Although the board of education is powerful,it does not give instructions to the teachers directly.
2. The board of education has all of the following functions except
A. selecting talented students
B. deciding how much money a school may have
C. choosing what courses a school should offer
D. appointing the superintendent and secretaries of a school district
1题，读完选项，就会感到A可能有问题。地方上的某一中学或小学的校董事怎么可能会由州教育局任命的?在美国这种事不大可能发生。而且董事也不可能同时是任命和选举的。而B是合乎常理的：每个学校必须有数学，语文，自然常识等基本课程，而规模、特色可以不同。C也是一般知识：美国的中小学生都是乘学校统一的yellow bu—ses去上学的。D也是常识：地区的教育董事会不可能由下面学校里的教师直接下命令，当中还有学校校长一层。比较下来，A可能不对，就首先去查实。段第二句：Each local school district has a board of education，usually made up of 5 t0 7 members，who have been appointed by higher officials or elected by citizens of the school district．果然A中Members of the school boards are usually appointed by the State Department of Education and selected by the local people不符合事实，因此A是答案。
2题同样如此。读问题读选项，立即发现A是地区教育董事不可能做的事。挑选好学生这种具体的事是班级教师做的。地区教育董事是管大的事，如决定学校预算拨款——B，进行课程设置——C，任命校长助理一D)。如果A是不大可能的，那只要到文章中去一目十行，没有发现talented students字样，那A就是答案。
(二)固定思路
这种做题方法主要与三正一误的下列问法相联系。
Which of the following is
Which of the following is
mentioned in…except…?
not mentioned…?
以这些问法为题干的正确选项所包含的信息通常连续出现在同一段，而且往往无列举标志词，如first，second，third等。做题时只需阅读有关段落，根据一个正确选项中的关键词在其前后找其他两个正确选项，剩下一个原文中未提到的，为正确答案。这种列举还有其他形式：①列举项出现在同一句话中；②列举项分散在全文中。不过做题方法都是一样：带着选项找答案。
例l7
In our classrooms'we work in various ways．The pupils often work in groups： this gives them the opportumty to learn to co—operate，to share，and to develoD leader-ship skills．They also learn how to cope with(对付)personal problems as well as Iearning how to think，to make decisions，to analyse and evaluate，and to communicate effectively．The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher．
Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the paragraph?
A.Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with others．
B．Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities．
C.GrouP WOrk proVides pupils with the oPPortunity to learn to be capable organizers．
D．Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities．
A所说的“学会合作”(learn to work together with others)对应于此段的第二句：learn to。Ooperate，to share，and to develop leadership skills。然后在这个句子前后寻找其他选项的原文：C在第二句；B体现在紧挨着的第三句中：learning how to think，to make declslons，to analyse and evaluate。这样只剩下D在文中找不到依据，所以为该题答案。
做是非题的注意事项如下。
①不要漏看题干中的“Except”和“Not”等词；
②因为难度较大，可以等做完其他四道题后再做；
③对于三误一正的问题，如果定位困难，可以运用排除法，这样找到正确答案的可能性就会增加。对于含有“原文未提到的新概念”、‘‘原文没有的化概念，，等选项可以考虑排除；
④为了节约时间做其他题，通常找到答案就不再考虑其他选项了。
⑤在回答NOT TRUE之类问题时，必须逐项找出需肯定的内容，方可确定要否定的内容。切勿一遇到自己认为不正确的内容，便匆忙答题，不再去考虑其他选项，这样常常会导致错误。
⑥尽管这类问题涉及的是细节，也不可忽视文章的主要观点。正确的答案与文章的中心思想往往是吻合一致的。因此，回答这类问题时，也必须以文章的中心思想为前提，与中心思想一致的可能是正确答案，反之可能是错误答案。
是非题的出题形式有三正一误或三误一正。
三正一误
Which of the following is true except…?
Which oI the following is mentioned except…?
Which of the following is not true?
Which of the following is not mentioned?
三误一正
Which of the following is true?
三正一误是指三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容；而三误一正是指三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容。
(一)定位法
根据题干或选项中的关键词返回看原文，找到相关句，与选项相比较就能确定答案。
例16
Each state has some local school districts with extensive authority and responsibil-ity for establishing and regulating public elementary and secondary schools. Each local school district has a board of education,usually made up of 5 to 7 members,who have been appointed by higher officials or elected by citizens of the school district. Within the limits of State policy,the board operates the local public school system through the school superintendent(主管)and his or her staff.
The functions of the board of education in determining education policies, and of the superintendent of schools in executing these policies,include a broad range of du- ties and responsibilities. Together, the board and the superintendent are responsible for preparing the school budget. They usually have considerable freedom within broad State policy to determine most aspects of the curriculum. They are responsible for hir- ing teachers and other school personnel, providing and maintaining school buildings, purchasing school equipment and supplies, and, in most cases, providing transportation facilities for pupils who live beyond a reasonable walking distance from school. Their duties also include establishing rules and regulations consistent with State law and reg- ulations of the State Department of Education governing operation of the schools.
1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Members of the school boards are usually appointed by the State Department of Education and selected by the local people.
B. Although each school may have its own size and feature, fundamental courses are the same.
C. In the United States, school children can have the right to be bused to their schools.
D. Although the board of education is powerful,it does not give instructions to the teachers directly.
2. The board of education has all of the following functions except
A. selecting talented students
B. deciding how much money a school may have
C. choosing what courses a school should offer
D. appointing the superintendent and secretaries of a school district
1题，读完选项，就会感到A可能有问题。地方上的某一中学或小学的校董事怎么可能会由州教育局任命的?在美国这种事不大可能发生。而且董事也不可能同时是任命和选举的。而B是合乎常理的：每个学校必须有数学，语文，自然常识等基本课程，而规模、特色可以不同。C也是一般知识：美国的中小学生都是乘学校统一的yellow bu—ses去上学的。D也是常识：地区的教育董事会不可能由下面学校里的教师直接下命令，当中还有学校校长一层。比较下来，A可能不对，就首先去查实。段第二句：Each local school district has a board of education，usually made up of 5 t0 7 members，who have been appointed by higher officials or elected by citizens of the school district．果然A中Members of the school boards are usually appointed by the State Department of Education and selected by the local people不符合事实，因此A是答案。
2题同样如此。读问题读选项，立即发现A是地区教育董事不可能做的事。挑选好学生这种具体的事是班级教师做的。地区教育董事是管大的事，如决定学校预算拨款——B，进行课程设置——C，任命校长助理一D)。如果A是不大可能的，那只要到文章中去一目十行，没有发现talented students字样，那A就是答案。
(二)固定思路
这种做题方法主要与三正一误的下列问法相联系。
Which of the following is
Which of the following is
mentioned in…except…?
not mentioned…?
以这些问法为题干的正确选项所包含的信息通常连续出现在同一段，而且往往无列举标志词，如first，second，third等。做题时只需阅读有关段落，根据一个正确选项中的关键词在其前后找其他两个正确选项，剩下一个原文中未提到的，为正确答案。这种列举还有其他形式：①列举项出现在同一句话中；②列举项分散在全文中。不过做题方法都是一样：带着选项找答案。
例l7
In our classrooms'we work in various ways．The pupils often work in groups： this gives them the opportumty to learn to co—operate，to share，and to develoD leader-ship skills．They also learn how to cope with(对付)personal problems as well as Iearning how to think，to make decisions，to analyse and evaluate，and to communicate effectively．The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher．
Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the paragraph?
A.Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with others．
B．Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities．
C.GrouP WOrk proVides pupils with the oPPortunity to learn to be capable organizers．
D．Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities．
A所说的“学会合作”(learn to work together with others)对应于此段的第二句：learn to。Ooperate，to share，and to develop leadership skills。然后在这个句子前后寻找其他选项的原文：C在第二句；B体现在紧挨着的第三句中：learning how to think，to make declslons，to analyse and evaluate。这样只剩下D在文中找不到依据，所以为该题答案。
做是非题的注意事项如下。
①不要漏看题干中的“Except”和“Not”等词；
②因为难度较大，可以等做完其他四道题后再做；
③对于三误一正的问题，如果定位困难，可以运用排除法，这样找到正确答案的可能性就会增加。对于含有“原文未提到的新概念”、‘‘原文没有的化概念，，等选项可以考虑排除；
④为了节约时间做其他题，通常找到答案就不再考虑其他选项了。
⑤在回答NOT TRUE之类问题时，必须逐项找出需肯定的内容，方可确定要否定的内容。切勿一遇到自己认为不正确的内容，便匆忙答题，不再去考虑其他选项，这样常常会导致错误。
⑥尽管这类问题涉及的是细节，也不可忽视文章的主要观点。正确的答案与文章的中心思想往往是吻合一致的。因此，回答这类问题时，也必须以文章的中心思想为前提，与中心思想一致的可能是正确答案，反之可能是错误答案。
责编：cll