2015年成人学位英阅读理文章出处题解题法
文章出处题
一篇文章各段落之间都存在着一定的逻辑联系，而这种逻辑联系通常情况下都体现在段落的开头或结尾。这种类型的题目一般要求学生根据所阅读的短文推测出该文章的前一段或后一段的内容。这类测试题难度较大，需要学生充分理解测试材料、分析语篇特点、仔细寻找解题依据。如果问题要求学生推测短文之前的内容，学生就必须注意短文的开头部分；问题要求学生推测短文之后的内容，学生就必须注意短文的结尾部分。有时该题型也要求学生在搞清楚文章的中心思想后判断文章的来源。在成人三级考试中，通常考的是文章的出处及来源。常见的表达方式有以下几种。
The passage is most likely to be taken from
The passage is most likely a part of
The paragraph following the passage will probably discuss
The passage is most likely to be taken from the article entitled
例72
More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third- floor window. Wearing a seat belt saves lives;it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.
Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not,you could be fined up to 250. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the driver's responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.
However,you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle;or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle;or if you have a val-id medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circum-stances apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.
This text is taken from
A. a medical magazine
B. a police report
C. a legal document
D. a government information booklet
答案是D。文章出处题。首先排除A项。本文讲系安全带的规则，跟医学无关。B、C项通常用正式的文体，而本文通俗易懂，故排除B项和C项，选D项。
例73
Priscilla Quchida's ,energy-efficient"house turned out to be a horrible dream. When she and her engineer husband married a few years ago,they build a $100,000, three-bedroom home in California. Tightly sealed to prevent air leaks, the house was equipped with small double-paned (双层玻璃的) windows and several other energy-saving features. Problems began as soon as the couple moved in, however. Priscilla's eyes burned. Her throat was constantly dry. She suffered from headaches and could hardly sleep. It was as though she had suddenly developed a strange illness.
Experts finally traced the cause of her illness. The level of formaldehyde(甲醛)gas in her kitchen was twice the maximum allowed by federal standards for chemical work-ers. The source of the gas is from new kitchen cabinets and wall-to-wall carpeting.
The case are victims of indoor air pollution, which is not given sufficient attention partly because of the nation's drive to save energy. The problem itself isn't new. "The indoor environment was dirty long before energy conservation came along , "says Mos- chandreas, a pollution scientist at Geoment Technologies in Maryland. "Energy conser- vation has tended to accentuate the situation in some cases. "
The problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones. Back in the days when energy was cheap, home builders didn't worry much about unsealed cracks. Because of such leaks,the air in an average home was re- placed by fresh outdoor air about once an hour. As a result, the pollutants generated in most households seldom built up to dangerous levels.
This passage is most probably taken from an article entitled
A. Energy Conservation
B. Air Pollution Indoors
C. House Building Crisis
D. Traps in Building Construction
答案是B。文章出处题。问这段文字出自哪类文章。这段文字的、第二段是讲一对夫妇因室内空气污染而患病。第三段句话点明他们是室内空气污染的受害者。下文接着分析了室内空气污染。因此这段文字有可能出现在“有关室内空气污染”的文章中。
一篇文章各段落之间都存在着一定的逻辑联系，而这种逻辑联系通常情况下都体现在段落的开头或结尾。这种类型的题目一般要求学生根据所阅读的短文推测出该文章的前一段或后一段的内容。这类测试题难度较大，需要学生充分理解测试材料、分析语篇特点、仔细寻找解题依据。如果问题要求学生推测短文之前的内容，学生就必须注意短文的开头部分；问题要求学生推测短文之后的内容，学生就必须注意短文的结尾部分。有时该题型也要求学生在搞清楚文章的中心思想后判断文章的来源。在成人三级考试中，通常考的是文章的出处及来源。常见的表达方式有以下几种。
The passage is most likely to be taken from
The passage is most likely a part of
The paragraph following the passage will probably discuss
The passage is most likely to be taken from the article entitled
例72
More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third- floor window. Wearing a seat belt saves lives;it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.
Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not,you could be fined up to 250. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the driver's responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.
However,you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle;or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle;or if you have a val-id medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circum-stances apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.
This text is taken from
A. a medical magazine
B. a police report
C. a legal document
D. a government information booklet
答案是D。文章出处题。首先排除A项。本文讲系安全带的规则，跟医学无关。B、C项通常用正式的文体，而本文通俗易懂，故排除B项和C项，选D项。
例73
Priscilla Quchida's ,energy-efficient"house turned out to be a horrible dream. When she and her engineer husband married a few years ago,they build a $100,000, three-bedroom home in California. Tightly sealed to prevent air leaks, the house was equipped with small double-paned (双层玻璃的) windows and several other energy-saving features. Problems began as soon as the couple moved in, however. Priscilla's eyes burned. Her throat was constantly dry. She suffered from headaches and could hardly sleep. It was as though she had suddenly developed a strange illness.
Experts finally traced the cause of her illness. The level of formaldehyde(甲醛)gas in her kitchen was twice the maximum allowed by federal standards for chemical work-ers. The source of the gas is from new kitchen cabinets and wall-to-wall carpeting.
The case are victims of indoor air pollution, which is not given sufficient attention partly because of the nation's drive to save energy. The problem itself isn't new. "The indoor environment was dirty long before energy conservation came along , "says Mos- chandreas, a pollution scientist at Geoment Technologies in Maryland. "Energy conser- vation has tended to accentuate the situation in some cases. "
The problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones. Back in the days when energy was cheap, home builders didn't worry much about unsealed cracks. Because of such leaks,the air in an average home was re- placed by fresh outdoor air about once an hour. As a result, the pollutants generated in most households seldom built up to dangerous levels.
This passage is most probably taken from an article entitled
A. Energy Conservation
B. Air Pollution Indoors
C. House Building Crisis
D. Traps in Building Construction
答案是B。文章出处题。问这段文字出自哪类文章。这段文字的、第二段是讲一对夫妇因室内空气污染而患病。第三段句话点明他们是室内空气污染的受害者。下文接着分析了室内空气污染。因此这段文字有可能出现在“有关室内空气污染”的文章中。
责编：cll