A youngster’’s social development has a profound effect on his academic progress. Kids who have trouble getting along with their classmates can end up behind academically as well and have a higher chance of dropping out (退学). In the early grades especially, experts say, youngsters should be encouraged to work in groups rather than individually so that teachers can spot children who may be having problems making friends. "When children work on a project", says Lillian Kate, an educational professor at the University of Illinois, "they learn to work together, to disagree, to think, to take turns and lighten tensions. These skills can’’t be learned through lecture. We all know people who have wonderful technical skills but don’’t have any social skills. Relationships should be the first R."
　　At a certain age, children are also learning to judge themselves in relation to others. For most children, school marks the first time that their goals are not set by an internal clock but by the outside world. Just as a 1-year-old struggling to walk, a 6-year-old is struggling to meet adults’’ expectations. "Young kids don’’t know how to distinguish between effort and ability." says Professor Hill, an early-childhood educator for the state of New Jersey, "If they try hard to do something and fail, they may conclude that they will never be able to accomplish a particular task. The effects of obvious methods comparison such as posting grades can be serious", says Hills, "a child who has had his confidence really damaged needs a rescue operation".
　　6. The author seems to think that a kid’s poor relationship with his classmates would________.
　　A have negative effects on his study
　　B develop his individualism but limit his intelligence
　　C eventually lead to his leaving school
　　D have nothing to do with his achievements in a course
　　答案:A
　　细节题。段第二句提到“Kids who have trouble getting along with their classmates can end up behind academically as well and have a higher chance of dropping out．”与同学相处不好有可能使学习退步，而且辍学的可能性也变大了。C具干扰性，人际关系不好，并不一定都会辍学。
　　7. In the first paragraph, the word "spot" means________.
　　A teach
　　B help
　　C find
　　D treat
　　答案:C
　　词汇题。“…youngsters should be encouraged to work in groups rather than individually so that teachers can spot children who may be having problems making friends．”根据句意，老师鼓励孩子参加集体活动，这样他们才能发现哪些孩子不善于与同学相处。由此可推断spot意为“发现。”
　　8. For most children, school makes them understand________.
　　A that it is society rather than individual that decides one’s future
　　B that they can meet the social needs
　　C that one’s effort and one’s ability can be two quite different matters
　　D that social needs and individual needs have nothing in common
　　答案:A
　　细节题。第二段第二句说“For most children，school marks the first time that their goals are not set by an internal clock but by the outside world．”对于大多数孩子来说，学校让他们首次意识到他们的目标不是由自己说了算，而是受社会的影响的。
　　9. Which of the following is most unlikely for the author to do?
　　A To talk to the students who have mental problems.
　　B To help students develop a feeling of self-respect.
　　C To keep a student from playing alone.
　　D To announce a student’s scores in public.
　　答案:D
　　细节题。文章提到“The effects of obvious methods comparison such as posting grades can be serious”，采取明显的比较优劣的方法，如公布学生的分数，会产生严重的后果，因此，作者是不会这样做的。
　　10. Which of the following is the major concern of the passage about a student’s needs?
　　A Individualism and cooperation.
　　B Academic success and independent thinking.
　　C Socialization and feeling of confidence.
　　D Intelligence and respect.
　　答案:C
　　主旨题。文章的句和后一句就是本文所关心的问题：“A youngster’s social development has a profound effect on his academic progress．”“Times，a child who has had his confidence really damaged needs a rescue operation．”可以看出，本文对孩子的社会化和自信心非常关注。

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