Passage 3
　　Questions 11to 15 are based on the following passage:
　　No country in the world has more daily newspapers than the USA. There are almost 2,000 of them, as compared with 180 in Japan, 164 in Argentina and 111 in Britain. The quality of some American papers is extremely high and their views are quoted all over the world. Distinguished dailies like the Washington Post or the New York Times have a powerful influence all over the country.
　　However, the Post and the Times are not national newspapers in the sense that The Times is in Britain or LeMonde is in France, since each American city has its own daily newspaper. The best of these present detailed accounts of national and international news, but many tend to limit them-selves to state or cite news.
　　Like the press in most other countries, American newspapers range from the "sensational", which feature crime, sex and rumor, to the serious, which focus on factual news and the analysis of world events. But with few exceptions American newspapers try to entertain as well as give information, for they have to compete with television.
　　Just as American newspapers give way to all tastes, so do they also try and apply to readers for all political persuasions. (80)A few newspapers support extremist groups on the far right and on the far left, but most daily newspapers attempt to attract middle-of-the-road Americans who are essentially moderate. Many of these papers print columns by well-known journalists of different political and social views, in order to present a balanced picture.
　　As in other democratic countries American newspapers can be either responsible or irresponsible, but it is generally accepted that the American press serves its country well and that it has more than once bravely uncovered political scandals (丑闻) or crimes, for instance, the Watergate Affair. The newspapers drew the attention of the public to the fears of the Vietnam War.
　　11. There are fewer national newspapers in
　　A. Britain than in the USA
　　B. France than in Britain
　　C. the USA than in Britain or France
　　D. France than in the USA or Britain
　　12. Most American newspapers try to entertain their readers because .
　　A. they have to keep up a good relation with them
　　B. they have to compete with television
　　C. they have to write about crime, sex and rumor
　　D. they have to give factual news in an interesting way
　　13. Many American newspapers attract readers of different political tendency by
　　A. supporting extremist groups from time to time
　　B. inviting middle-of-the-road Americans to write articles for them
　　C. avoiding carrying articles about extremists
　　D. printing articles representing different political viewpoints
　　14. In this passage, the word "press" ( Para. 2) means
　　A. a machine for printing
　　B. the business of printing
　　C. great force D. newspapers
　　15. The passage is mainly about
　　A. the characteristics of American newspapers
　　B. the development of American newspapers
　　C. the functions of American newspapers
　　D. the merits and shortcomings of American newspapers

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