2015年成人高考学士学位英语后冲刺试题(4)
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Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
16、阅读下文，阅读16-30题
There was one thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large citieswith factories and heavy automobile traffic. At present, we realize that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is literally worldwide. ( 76 ) On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the east of the United States and brought health warnings in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be infected by air pollution. Some scien-tists consider that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil) is creating a "greenhouse effect"--conserving heat reflected from the earth and raising the world' s average temperature. If this view is correct and the world' s tempera- ture is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York,Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be in water.
(77) Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particular matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earth' s temperature--a result that would be equally disastrous.
A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to a new ice age, and would make agri-culture difficult or impossible in many of our top fanning areas. Today we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen (though one recent government report drafted by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very possible ). Perhaps, if we are lucky enough, the two tendencies will offset each other and the world' s temperature will stay about the same as it is now.
As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution__________.
A．caused widespread damage in the countryside
B．affected the entire eastern half of the United States
C．had damaging effect on health
D．existed merely in urban and industries areas
17、 As to the greenhouse effect, the author__________.
A．shares the same view with the scientists
B．is uncertain of its occurrence
C．rejects it as bein~ ungrounded
D．thinks that it will destroy the world soon
18、 The word "offset" in the second paragraph could be replaced by__________.
A．slip into
B．make up for
C．set up
D．catch up with
19、 It can be concluded that__________.
A．raising the world' s temperature only a few degrees would not do much harm to life on earth
B．lowering the world' s temperature merely a few degrees would lead many major farming areas to disaster
C．almost no temperature variations have occurred over the past decade
D．the world' s temperature will remain constant in the years to come
20、 This passage is primarily about__________.
A．the greenhouse effect
B．the burning of fossil fuels
C．the potential effect of air pollution
D．the likelihood of a new ice age
21、阅读下文，回答21-35题
The Chinese have used a method called acupuncture(针灸) to perform operations for about 4,000 years without putting the patient to sleep. This involves placing flexible needles into certain parts of the body. The needles are available in a number of stores in China and anyone may buy them.
To learn how to use the needles takes about one month of training. But to be skillful requires greater time. (79) The person who performs the acupuncture knows how to put in the needles so the needles themselves are not painful. This person also knows where to place the needles so the patient feels no pain in the area where the operation is to be performed. A particular operation might require 25 or more needles placed in various parts of the body. But now this operation re-quires only 3 or 4 needles.
Today, the Chinese doctors are trying to learn more about acupuncture. (80) They are trying to develop a convincing theory to explain how the needles work in preventing pain, or why a nee-dle in the wrist, for example, would prevent the pain in the area of the mouth.
A patient who needs an operation is given a choice between having acupuncture or having one of the chemicals used for putting him to sleep. It has been estimated that over half of the patients choose acupuncture because there is no sickness after the operation but the chemical may make the patient sick for a few hours or a day.
Acupuncture is__________.
A．a medical operation
B．a medical needle
C．a medical technique
D．a medical machine
22、 Which statement is NOT true of the performer of acupuncture?
A．He knows where to place the needles without pain.
B．He knows where the operation is to be performed.
C．He knows how to perform the operation to cure the patient.
D．He knows how to use the needles in an operation.
23、 To learn how to use the needles, it takes a person__________.
A．several months
B．a couple of weeks
C．a little time
D．almost one month
24、 It can be learned from the passage that__________.
A．the person performing the acupuncture knows a lot about the making of needles
B．an operation now needs fewer needles than in the past
C．acupuncture has existed in China for as long as 2,000 years
D．few patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals
25、 Which is implied but not stated in the passage?
A．The Chinese mainly use acupuncture to cure strange disease.
B．The Chinese are learning to be more skillful and efficient in acupuncture.
C．The Chinese have spread acupuncture all over the world.
D．Most Chinese patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals in curing diseases.
26、阅读下文，回答26-40题
“High tech’’and“state of the art”are two expressions that describe the modem technology．
High tech is just a shorter way of saying high technology．And high technology describes any in—vention，system of device that uses the newest ideas or discoveries of science and engineering．
What is high tech?A computer is high tech．So is a communications satellite．(79)A modem manufacturing(生产)system is surely high tech．High tech became a popular eXpression in me U-nited States during the early 1980's．Because of improvements in technology，people could buy many new kinds of products in American stores，such as home computers，microwave ovens，etc．
“State of the art”is something that is as modem as possible．It is a product that is based on the very latest methods and technology．Something that is“state of the art”is the newest possible design or product of a business or industry．A state of the art television set，for example，uses the modemest electronic design and parts．It is the best that one can buy．
“State of the art”is not a new expression．Engineers have used it for years，to describe the best and most modem way of．doing something．Millions of Americans began to use the expression in the late l970’S．The reason was the computer revolution．Every computer company claimed that its computers were“state of the art”．
Computer technology changed so fast that a state of the art computer today might be old to-morrow．(80)The expression"state of the art"became as common and popular as computers themselves．Now all kinds of products are said to be“state of the art”．
What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To tell how“high tech”and“state of the art”have developed．
B．To give examples of“high tech”．
C．To tell what“high tech’’and“state of the art”are．
D．To describe very modem technology．
27、 What Can we infer from the passage?
A．American stores could provide new kinds of products to people．
B．High tech describes a technology that is not traditional．
C．“State of the art’’is not as popular as“high tech”．
D．A modem plough pulled by oxen is“state of the art”．
28、 All the following examples are high tech except__________.
A．a microwave oven
B．a home computer
C．a hand pump
D．a satellite
29、 Which of the following statements is not true?
A．Since the computer revolution, the expression "state of the art" has become popular.
B．"State of the art" means something that is the best one can buy.
C．With the rapid development of computer," state of the art" computer may easily become out of date.
D．All kinds of products are "state of the art" nowadays.
30、 The best tire for the passage is__________.
A．Computer Technology
B．High Tech and State of the Art
C．Most Advanced Technology
D．Two New Expressions
16、阅读下文，阅读16-30题
There was one thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large citieswith factories and heavy automobile traffic. At present, we realize that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is literally worldwide. ( 76 ) On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the east of the United States and brought health warnings in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be infected by air pollution. Some scien-tists consider that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil) is creating a "greenhouse effect"--conserving heat reflected from the earth and raising the world' s average temperature. If this view is correct and the world' s tempera- ture is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York,Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be in water.
(77) Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particular matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earth' s temperature--a result that would be equally disastrous.
A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to a new ice age, and would make agri-culture difficult or impossible in many of our top fanning areas. Today we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen (though one recent government report drafted by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very possible ). Perhaps, if we are lucky enough, the two tendencies will offset each other and the world' s temperature will stay about the same as it is now.
As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution__________.
A．caused widespread damage in the countryside
B．affected the entire eastern half of the United States
C．had damaging effect on health
D．existed merely in urban and industries areas
17、 As to the greenhouse effect, the author__________.
A．shares the same view with the scientists
B．is uncertain of its occurrence
C．rejects it as bein~ ungrounded
D．thinks that it will destroy the world soon
18、 The word "offset" in the second paragraph could be replaced by__________.
A．slip into
B．make up for
C．set up
D．catch up with
19、 It can be concluded that__________.
A．raising the world' s temperature only a few degrees would not do much harm to life on earth
B．lowering the world' s temperature merely a few degrees would lead many major farming areas to disaster
C．almost no temperature variations have occurred over the past decade
D．the world' s temperature will remain constant in the years to come
20、 This passage is primarily about__________.
A．the greenhouse effect
B．the burning of fossil fuels
C．the potential effect of air pollution
D．the likelihood of a new ice age
21、阅读下文，回答21-35题
The Chinese have used a method called acupuncture(针灸) to perform operations for about 4,000 years without putting the patient to sleep. This involves placing flexible needles into certain parts of the body. The needles are available in a number of stores in China and anyone may buy them.
To learn how to use the needles takes about one month of training. But to be skillful requires greater time. (79) The person who performs the acupuncture knows how to put in the needles so the needles themselves are not painful. This person also knows where to place the needles so the patient feels no pain in the area where the operation is to be performed. A particular operation might require 25 or more needles placed in various parts of the body. But now this operation re-quires only 3 or 4 needles.
Today, the Chinese doctors are trying to learn more about acupuncture. (80) They are trying to develop a convincing theory to explain how the needles work in preventing pain, or why a nee-dle in the wrist, for example, would prevent the pain in the area of the mouth.
A patient who needs an operation is given a choice between having acupuncture or having one of the chemicals used for putting him to sleep. It has been estimated that over half of the patients choose acupuncture because there is no sickness after the operation but the chemical may make the patient sick for a few hours or a day.
Acupuncture is__________.
A．a medical operation
B．a medical needle
C．a medical technique
D．a medical machine
22、 Which statement is NOT true of the performer of acupuncture?
A．He knows where to place the needles without pain.
B．He knows where the operation is to be performed.
C．He knows how to perform the operation to cure the patient.
D．He knows how to use the needles in an operation.
23、 To learn how to use the needles, it takes a person__________.
A．several months
B．a couple of weeks
C．a little time
D．almost one month
24、 It can be learned from the passage that__________.
A．the person performing the acupuncture knows a lot about the making of needles
B．an operation now needs fewer needles than in the past
C．acupuncture has existed in China for as long as 2,000 years
D．few patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals
25、 Which is implied but not stated in the passage?
A．The Chinese mainly use acupuncture to cure strange disease.
B．The Chinese are learning to be more skillful and efficient in acupuncture.
C．The Chinese have spread acupuncture all over the world.
D．Most Chinese patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals in curing diseases.
26、阅读下文，回答26-40题
“High tech’’and“state of the art”are two expressions that describe the modem technology．
High tech is just a shorter way of saying high technology．And high technology describes any in—vention，system of device that uses the newest ideas or discoveries of science and engineering．
What is high tech?A computer is high tech．So is a communications satellite．(79)A modem manufacturing(生产)system is surely high tech．High tech became a popular eXpression in me U-nited States during the early 1980's．Because of improvements in technology，people could buy many new kinds of products in American stores，such as home computers，microwave ovens，etc．
“State of the art”is something that is as modem as possible．It is a product that is based on the very latest methods and technology．Something that is“state of the art”is the newest possible design or product of a business or industry．A state of the art television set，for example，uses the modemest electronic design and parts．It is the best that one can buy．
“State of the art”is not a new expression．Engineers have used it for years，to describe the best and most modem way of．doing something．Millions of Americans began to use the expression in the late l970’S．The reason was the computer revolution．Every computer company claimed that its computers were“state of the art”．
Computer technology changed so fast that a state of the art computer today might be old to-morrow．(80)The expression"state of the art"became as common and popular as computers themselves．Now all kinds of products are said to be“state of the art”．
What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To tell how“high tech”and“state of the art”have developed．
B．To give examples of“high tech”．
C．To tell what“high tech’’and“state of the art”are．
D．To describe very modem technology．
27、 What Can we infer from the passage?
A．American stores could provide new kinds of products to people．
B．High tech describes a technology that is not traditional．
C．“State of the art’’is not as popular as“high tech”．
D．A modem plough pulled by oxen is“state of the art”．
28、 All the following examples are high tech except__________.
A．a microwave oven
B．a home computer
C．a hand pump
D．a satellite
29、 Which of the following statements is not true?
A．Since the computer revolution, the expression "state of the art" has become popular.
B．"State of the art" means something that is the best one can buy.
C．With the rapid development of computer," state of the art" computer may easily become out of date.
D．All kinds of products are "state of the art" nowadays.
30、 The best tire for the passage is__________.
A．Computer Technology
B．High Tech and State of the Art
C．Most Advanced Technology
D．Two New Expressions
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