北京2015年成人学士学位英语新预测试题及答案（2）
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Reading Comprehension
1、Questions 1-15are based on the following passage.
Telecommuting--substituting the computer for the trip to the job~has been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work. (78) For workers it promises freedom from the officer less time wasted in traffic, and help with childcare conflicts. For management,
telecommuting helps keep high performers on board, minimizes lateness and absenteeism by eliminating commuters (经常乘火车往返者), allows periods of solitude (独立) for high
concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility. In some areas, such as Southern California,Seattle, and Washington, local governments are encouraging companies to start
telecommuting programs in order to reduce rush-hour traffic and improve air quality.
But these benefits do not come easily. Making a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities
and popular images. Many workers are seduced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer programmer from New York City moves to the quiet Adirondack Mountains and stays
in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes in to his office three days a week and
works at home the other two. An accountant stays home to care for her sick child; she hooks up her telephone modem connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.
These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. (79) Telecommuting
workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the
necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work done.
Management, too, must separate the myth from the reality. Although the media has paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employee's situation, not the availability of technology, that precipitates (加速。。。来临) a telecommuting arrangement.
That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.
What is the main subject of the passage ?
A．Bussiness management policies.
B．Driving to work.
C．Extending the work place by means of computers.
D．Computers for child-care purposes.
2、 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for employers that is poten- tially solved by telecommuting ?
A．Employees' lateness for work.
B．Employees' absence from work.
C．Employees' need for time alone to work intensively.
D．Employees' conflicts with second jobs.
3、 In which area does the local government encourage telecommuting programs according to the passage?
A．New York City.
B．Adirondack Mountains.
C．Washington.
D．New York State.
4、 Which of the following does the author mention as a possible disadvantage of telecommuting ?
A．Small children cannot understand the boundaries of work and play.
B．Computer technology is never advanced enough to accommodate the needs of every situation.
C．Electrical malfunctions can destroy a project.
D．The worker often does not have all the needed resources at home.
5、 Which of the following is example oftelecommuting as described in the passage ?
A．A scientist in a laboratory developing plans for a space station.
B．A technical writer sending via computer documents created at home.
C．A computer technician repairing an office computer network.
D．A teacher directing computer-assisted leaming in a private school.
6、Questions 6-20 are based on the following passage．
In the last 500 years, nothing about people--their clothes, ideas, or languages-has changed as much as what they eat．The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of cocoa tree by South American Indians．The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500's． Although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable． In London,shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places． Some still exist today．
The potato is also from the New World．Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown．The potato was the main food at Irish table． Thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the"Potato Famine" (土豆饥荒) of 1845 ~ 1846, and thousands more were forced to move to America．
There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the old World． But some others went in the opposite direction． Brazil is now the world's largest grower of coffee,
And coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries． But it is native to Ethiopia (埃塞俄比亚)． It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's．
(77) According to an Arabic story, coffee was discovered when a man named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red fruits on a coffee bush． (78) He tried one and experienced the"wide-awake" feeling that one-third of the world's population now starts the day with．
According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?
A．Food．
B．Chocolate drinks．
C．Potato．
D．Coffee．
7、 "Some" in the sentence"Some still exist today．" refers to __________
A．cocoa trees
B．chocolate
C．shops
D．meeting places
8、 Thousands of Irish people starved because __________
A．they depended on the potato
B．they were forced to move to America
C．the weather conditions in Ireland were not fit for growing the potato
D．the potato harvest was bad
9、 Coffee originally came from __________
A．Brazil
B．Colombia
C．Ethiopia
D．Arabia
10、 The writer used an Arabic story to prove that __________
A．coffee was first discovered by Kaldi
B．coffee was first discovered by Kaldi's goats
C．coffee was first discovered in South American countries
D．coffee drinks were first made by Arabs
11、Directions: There are three passages in this part．Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D．You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet．
Passage 1
Questions11-25 are based on the following passage．
(76) Earthquake is a shaking of the ground caused by the sudden breaking and the shifting of large sections of the earth's rocky outer shell．Earthquakes are among the most powerful events on earth, and their results can be terrifying．A severe earthquake may release energy 10,000 times as great as that of the first atomic bomb．Rock movements during an earthquake can make rivers change their courses．Earthquakes can trigger landslides that cause great damage and loss of life．Large earthquakes beneath the ocean can create a series of huge, destructive waves called tsunamis that flood coasts for many miles．
Earthquakes almost never kill people directly．Instead, many deaths and injuries in earthquakes result from falling objects and the collapse of buildings, bridges, and other structures．Fire resulting from broken gas or power lines is another major danger during a quake．Spills of hazardous chemicals are also a concern during an earthquake．
(77) The force of an earthquake depends on how much rock breaks and how far it shifts．Powerful earthquakes can shake firm ground violently for great distances．During minor earthquakes, the vibration may be no greater than the vibration caused by a passing truck．On average, a powerful earthquake occurs less than once every two years．At least 40 moderate earthquakes cause damage somewhere in the world each year．About 40,000 to 50,000small earthquakes--large enough to be felt but not damaging-occur annually．
The passage is mainly about__________
A．earthquakes and their effects
B．the way of earthquakes taking place
C．the classification of earthquakes
D．the damaging results of earthquakes
12、 When an earthquake occurs, __________
A．people are killed and injured
B．rocks are breaking and shifting
C．destructive waves flood the coasts for miles
D．large sections of the earth's rocky outer shell suddenly break and shift
13、 The earthquakes which may not be so destructive are __________
A．those beneath the ocean
B．those do not kill people directly
C．moderate earthquakes
D．minor earthquakes
14、 The intensity of an earthquake depends on __________
A．the movements of the earth's shell
B．where it takes place
C．the injuries it causes
D．how far away it is from a city
15、 It is implied that __________
A．powerful earthquakes usually occur after minor ones
B．modem facilities add to the danger of an earthquake
C．passing trucks are as dangerous as minor earthquakes
D．there is a powerful earthquake occurring every two years
1、Questions 1-15are based on the following passage.
Telecommuting--substituting the computer for the trip to the job~has been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work. (78) For workers it promises freedom from the officer less time wasted in traffic, and help with childcare conflicts. For management,
telecommuting helps keep high performers on board, minimizes lateness and absenteeism by eliminating commuters (经常乘火车往返者), allows periods of solitude (独立) for high
concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility. In some areas, such as Southern California,Seattle, and Washington, local governments are encouraging companies to start
telecommuting programs in order to reduce rush-hour traffic and improve air quality.
But these benefits do not come easily. Making a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities
and popular images. Many workers are seduced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer programmer from New York City moves to the quiet Adirondack Mountains and stays
in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes in to his office three days a week and
works at home the other two. An accountant stays home to care for her sick child; she hooks up her telephone modem connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.
These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. (79) Telecommuting
workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the
necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work done.
Management, too, must separate the myth from the reality. Although the media has paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employee's situation, not the availability of technology, that precipitates (加速。。。来临) a telecommuting arrangement.
That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.
What is the main subject of the passage ?
A．Bussiness management policies.
B．Driving to work.
C．Extending the work place by means of computers.
D．Computers for child-care purposes.
2、 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for employers that is poten- tially solved by telecommuting ?
A．Employees' lateness for work.
B．Employees' absence from work.
C．Employees' need for time alone to work intensively.
D．Employees' conflicts with second jobs.
3、 In which area does the local government encourage telecommuting programs according to the passage?
A．New York City.
B．Adirondack Mountains.
C．Washington.
D．New York State.
4、 Which of the following does the author mention as a possible disadvantage of telecommuting ?
A．Small children cannot understand the boundaries of work and play.
B．Computer technology is never advanced enough to accommodate the needs of every situation.
C．Electrical malfunctions can destroy a project.
D．The worker often does not have all the needed resources at home.
5、 Which of the following is example oftelecommuting as described in the passage ?
A．A scientist in a laboratory developing plans for a space station.
B．A technical writer sending via computer documents created at home.
C．A computer technician repairing an office computer network.
D．A teacher directing computer-assisted leaming in a private school.
6、Questions 6-20 are based on the following passage．
In the last 500 years, nothing about people--their clothes, ideas, or languages-has changed as much as what they eat．The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of cocoa tree by South American Indians．The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500's． Although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable． In London,shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places． Some still exist today．
The potato is also from the New World．Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown．The potato was the main food at Irish table． Thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the"Potato Famine" (土豆饥荒) of 1845 ~ 1846, and thousands more were forced to move to America．
There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the old World． But some others went in the opposite direction． Brazil is now the world's largest grower of coffee,
And coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries． But it is native to Ethiopia (埃塞俄比亚)． It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's．
(77) According to an Arabic story, coffee was discovered when a man named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red fruits on a coffee bush． (78) He tried one and experienced the"wide-awake" feeling that one-third of the world's population now starts the day with．
According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?
A．Food．
B．Chocolate drinks．
C．Potato．
D．Coffee．
7、 "Some" in the sentence"Some still exist today．" refers to __________
A．cocoa trees
B．chocolate
C．shops
D．meeting places
8、 Thousands of Irish people starved because __________
A．they depended on the potato
B．they were forced to move to America
C．the weather conditions in Ireland were not fit for growing the potato
D．the potato harvest was bad
9、 Coffee originally came from __________
A．Brazil
B．Colombia
C．Ethiopia
D．Arabia
10、 The writer used an Arabic story to prove that __________
A．coffee was first discovered by Kaldi
B．coffee was first discovered by Kaldi's goats
C．coffee was first discovered in South American countries
D．coffee drinks were first made by Arabs
11、Directions: There are three passages in this part．Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D．You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet．
Passage 1
Questions11-25 are based on the following passage．
(76) Earthquake is a shaking of the ground caused by the sudden breaking and the shifting of large sections of the earth's rocky outer shell．Earthquakes are among the most powerful events on earth, and their results can be terrifying．A severe earthquake may release energy 10,000 times as great as that of the first atomic bomb．Rock movements during an earthquake can make rivers change their courses．Earthquakes can trigger landslides that cause great damage and loss of life．Large earthquakes beneath the ocean can create a series of huge, destructive waves called tsunamis that flood coasts for many miles．
Earthquakes almost never kill people directly．Instead, many deaths and injuries in earthquakes result from falling objects and the collapse of buildings, bridges, and other structures．Fire resulting from broken gas or power lines is another major danger during a quake．Spills of hazardous chemicals are also a concern during an earthquake．
(77) The force of an earthquake depends on how much rock breaks and how far it shifts．Powerful earthquakes can shake firm ground violently for great distances．During minor earthquakes, the vibration may be no greater than the vibration caused by a passing truck．On average, a powerful earthquake occurs less than once every two years．At least 40 moderate earthquakes cause damage somewhere in the world each year．About 40,000 to 50,000small earthquakes--large enough to be felt but not damaging-occur annually．
The passage is mainly about__________
A．earthquakes and their effects
B．the way of earthquakes taking place
C．the classification of earthquakes
D．the damaging results of earthquakes
12、 When an earthquake occurs, __________
A．people are killed and injured
B．rocks are breaking and shifting
C．destructive waves flood the coasts for miles
D．large sections of the earth's rocky outer shell suddenly break and shift
13、 The earthquakes which may not be so destructive are __________
A．those beneath the ocean
B．those do not kill people directly
C．moderate earthquakes
D．minor earthquakes
14、 The intensity of an earthquake depends on __________
A．the movements of the earth's shell
B．where it takes place
C．the injuries it causes
D．how far away it is from a city
15、 It is implied that __________
A．powerful earthquakes usually occur after minor ones
B．modem facilities add to the danger of an earthquake
C．passing trucks are as dangerous as minor earthquakes
D．there is a powerful earthquake occurring every two years
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