Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfin-ished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one andmark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.
11、 阅读材料，回答11-30题。
We all know that DNA has the ability to identify individuals but, because it is inherited, there are also regions of the DNA strand which can relate an individual to his or her family ( immediate and extended), tribal group and even an entire population. Molecular Genealogy(宗谱学) can use this unique identification provided by the genetic markers to link people together into family trees. Pedigrees(家谱) based on such genetic markers can mean a breakthrough for family trees where information is incomplete or missing due to adoption, illegitimacy or lack of records. There are many communities and populations which have lost precious records due to tragic events such as the fire in the Irish courts during Civil War in 1921 or American slaves for whom many records were never kept in the first place.
The main objective of the Molecular Genealogy Research Group is to build a database containing over 100,000 DNA samples from individuals all over the world. These individuals will have provided a pedigree chart of at least four generations and a small blood sample. Once the database has enough samples to represent the world genetic make-up, it will eventually help in solving many issues regarding genealogies that could not be done by relying only on traditional written records. Theoretically, any individual will someday be able to trace his or her family origins through this database.
In the meantime, as the database is being created, molecular genealogy can already verify possible or suspected relationships between individuals. "For example, if two men sharing the same last name believe that they are related, but no written record proves this relationship, we can verify this possibility by collecting a sample of DNA from both and looking for common markers( in this case we can look primarily at the Y chromosome(染色体）) ," explains Ugo Perego a member of the BYU Molecular Genealogy research team.
People in a large area may possess the same DNA thread because __________.
A．DNA is characteristic of a region
B．they are beyond doubt of common ancestry
C．DNA strand has the ability to identify individuals
D．their unique identification can be provided via DNA


12、 The possible research of family trees is based on the fact that __________.
A．genetics has achieved a breakthrough
B．genetic information contained in DNA can be revealed now
C．each individual carries a unique record of who he is and how he is related to others
D．we can use DNA to prove how distant an individual is to a family, a group or a population


13、 The Molecular Genealogy Research Group is building a database for the purpose of __________.
A．offering assistance in working out genealogy-related problems
B．solving many issues without relying on traditional written records
C．providing a pedigree chart of at least four generations in the world
D．confirming the assumption that all individuals are of the same origin


14、 If two men suspected for some reason they have a common ancestor, __________.
A．we can decide according to their family tree
B．we can find the truth from their genetic markers
C．we can compare the differences in their Y chromosome
D．we can look for written records to prove their relationship


15、 Which of the following CANNOT be inferred from the passage?
A．We are a walking, living, breathing record of our ancestors.
B．Many American slaves did not know who their ancestors were.
C．An adopted child generally lacks enough information to prove his identity.
D．Molecular Genealogy can be used to prove a relationship between individuals.

16、 阅读材料，回答16-35题。
Harriet Beecher Stowe had poured her heart into her anti-slavery book," Uncle Tom's Cabin". But neither she nor her first publisher thought it would be a big success. The publisher was so doubtful that he wanted her to split the publishing costs with him, and all she hoped was that it would make enough money for her to buy a new silk dress.
But when the first 5,000 copies were printed in 1602, they sold out in two days. In a year the book had sold 300,000 copies in the United States and 150,000 in England. For a while it outsold(销的比...多) every book in the world, except the Bible.
Within six months of its release, a play was made from the book which ran 350 performances in New York and remained America's most popular play for 55 years.
It might appear that" Uncle Tom's Cabin" was universally popular, but this was certainly not true. Many people during those pre-civil War days-particularly defenders of the slavery system-condemned it as false propaganda and poorly written melodrama(传奇剧作品).
Harriet did have strong religious views against slavery ( When asked how she came to write the book, she replied," God wrote it."), and she tried to convince people slavery was wrong, so perhaps the book could be considered propaganda. But if so, it was true propaganda, because it accurately described the evils of slavery.
Though she was born in Connecticut, 1582, as a young woman she moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, when her father accepted the presidency of newly founded Lane Theological Seminary(神学院). Ohio was a free state, but just across the Ohio River in Kentucky, Harriet saw slavery in action. She lived 18 years in Cincinnati, marrying Calvin Stowe, professor of a college. In 1601, Harriet Beecher Stowe began her book.
Its vast influence strengthened the anti-slavery movement and angered defenders of the slave system. Today some historians(历史学家) think that it helped bring on the American Civil War.
In fact, when Abraham Lincoln met Harriet at the White House during the Civil War, he said,
"So, this is the little lady who started this big war."
Before the publication of the book "Uncle Tom's Cabin" __________.
A．Harriet knew that it would be a great success
B．the publisher wanted Harriet to publish it at her own expense
C．nobody knew that it would become a very popular book
D．no publisher wanted to publish this anti-slavery book


17、 Some people did not like "Uncle Tom's Cabin" chiefly because__________.
A．the author was merely an unknown little lady
B．they thought it was mere propaganda
C．the book was poorly written
D．the book might lead to a terrible war


18、 Harriet Beecher Stowe was able to describe the evils of slavery because __________.
A．she had lived for 18 years in a state where slavery was legal
B．she had suffered quite a lot under the slavery system
C．she had witnessed what happened under the slavery system
D．she had read a lot about the slavery system


19、 When Abraham Lincoln called Harriet "the little lady who started this big war", he __________.
A．thought that she was almost a war criminal
B．was talking about the great influence her book had produced
C．was blaming her for the miseries the people had suffered during the war
D．was praising her for the contributions she had made during the war


20、 The writer wrote the passage in order to __________.
A．expose the evils of the slavery system
B．condemn all kinds of war
C．describe people' s life in Harriet' s time
D．tell us how Harriet wrote her famous book