2015年成人学士学位英语考试模拟试题及答案（8）
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Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfin-ished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one andmark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.
11、 阅读材料，回答11-30题。
We all know that it is possible for ordinary people to make their homes on the equator (赤道), although often they may feel uncomfortably hot there. Millions do it. But as for the NorthPole (北极)we know that it is not only a dangerously cold place, but that people like you and I would find it quite impossible to live there. At the present time only the scientists and explorers can do so, and they use special equipment. Men have been travelling across and around the equator on wheels, on their feet or in ships for thousands of years; but only a few men, with great difficulty and in very recent time, have ever crossed the ice to the North Pole. So it may surprise you to learn that, when traveling by air, it is really safer to fly over the North Pole than over the equator. Of course, it is not true about landings in the polar region, but the weather, if we are flying at a height of 5,000 meters above the Pole is a delight. At 4,000 meters and move above the earth you can always be sure that you will not see a cloud in the sky as far as your eyes can reach. In the tropics ( 热带), on the other hand, you are not certain to keep clear of bad weather even at such heights as 18,000 or 20,000 meters.
Aeroplanes can’t climb as high or as quickly in cold air as in warm. Nor can clouds. In practice, this is an advantage to the aeroplane, which is already at a good height when it reaches the polar region and so does not to climb, while at the same time cold air keeps the clouds down low.
"Millions do it. " in this sentence "do it" refers to ______
A．feeling uncomfortably hot on the equator
B．flying over the North Pole
C．flying over the equator
D．making homes on the equator
12、 The polar region is ______
A．a good place to land at by aeroplane
B．a good place to fly over
C．a good place to fly past
D．a good place to live in
13、 It is a delight to fly at the Pole because there ______
A．planes fly higher than at the equator
B．the eyes can reach about 4,000 meters
C．planes are clear of bad weather
D．planes fly more quickly than at the equator
14、 Aeroplanes can climb quickly ______
A．in warm air
B．in cold air
C．when it reaches the polar region
D．only when the clouds are down low
15、 Aeroplanes usually do not need to climb quickly or fly high in the polar region because ______
A．they do not land there
B．there are no clouds at all
C．they can cross the ice with special equipment
D．it is very cold
16、 阅读材料，回答16-35题。
Increasingly, over the past ten years, people--especially young people--have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed food, is not good for the health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods. Foods which do not contain chemical additives( 添加剂) and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers, widely used in farming today.
Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic (有机的) matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount--but not the quality--of foods grown in commercial farming areas.
Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures(牧场). Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food, they also lay eggs which lack important vitamins.
There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a non-essential food! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if it is necessary, we can in fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be addictive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is to provide us with energy, in the form of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and no fiber.
It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fiber has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on "healthy eating".
People have become more interested in natural foods because __________.
A．they are more health conscious
B．they want to taste all kinds of foods
C．natural foods are more delicious than processed foods
D．they want to return to nature
17、 Soil that is rich in organic matters __________.
A．has had chemicals and fertilizers added to it
B．contains vegetable matter that has not been consumed
C．has been nourished by fertilizers
D．already contains large quantities of vitamins and minerals
18、 Chickens raised in poultry farms are all of the following EXCEPT that __________.
A．they are fed on food which is little better than garbage
B．they live in very crowded condition
C．the eggs they lay lack vitamins
D．they are allowed to move about and eat freely
19、 According to the passage, __________.
A．people need sugar to give them energy
B．sugar is bad for the health
C．the use of sugar is habit forming
D．sugar only sweetens food, but provides us with nothing useful
20、 The best title for this passage is __________.
A．People's Growing Interest in Natural Foods
B．Natural Foods and Healthy Diet
C．Harmful Effects of Sugar
D．The Importance of Fiber in Foods
11、 阅读材料，回答11-30题。
We all know that it is possible for ordinary people to make their homes on the equator (赤道), although often they may feel uncomfortably hot there. Millions do it. But as for the NorthPole (北极)we know that it is not only a dangerously cold place, but that people like you and I would find it quite impossible to live there. At the present time only the scientists and explorers can do so, and they use special equipment. Men have been travelling across and around the equator on wheels, on their feet or in ships for thousands of years; but only a few men, with great difficulty and in very recent time, have ever crossed the ice to the North Pole. So it may surprise you to learn that, when traveling by air, it is really safer to fly over the North Pole than over the equator. Of course, it is not true about landings in the polar region, but the weather, if we are flying at a height of 5,000 meters above the Pole is a delight. At 4,000 meters and move above the earth you can always be sure that you will not see a cloud in the sky as far as your eyes can reach. In the tropics ( 热带), on the other hand, you are not certain to keep clear of bad weather even at such heights as 18,000 or 20,000 meters.
Aeroplanes can’t climb as high or as quickly in cold air as in warm. Nor can clouds. In practice, this is an advantage to the aeroplane, which is already at a good height when it reaches the polar region and so does not to climb, while at the same time cold air keeps the clouds down low.
"Millions do it. " in this sentence "do it" refers to ______
A．feeling uncomfortably hot on the equator
B．flying over the North Pole
C．flying over the equator
D．making homes on the equator
12、 The polar region is ______
A．a good place to land at by aeroplane
B．a good place to fly over
C．a good place to fly past
D．a good place to live in
13、 It is a delight to fly at the Pole because there ______
A．planes fly higher than at the equator
B．the eyes can reach about 4,000 meters
C．planes are clear of bad weather
D．planes fly more quickly than at the equator
14、 Aeroplanes can climb quickly ______
A．in warm air
B．in cold air
C．when it reaches the polar region
D．only when the clouds are down low
15、 Aeroplanes usually do not need to climb quickly or fly high in the polar region because ______
A．they do not land there
B．there are no clouds at all
C．they can cross the ice with special equipment
D．it is very cold
16、 阅读材料，回答16-35题。
Increasingly, over the past ten years, people--especially young people--have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed food, is not good for the health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods. Foods which do not contain chemical additives( 添加剂) and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers, widely used in farming today.
Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic (有机的) matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount--but not the quality--of foods grown in commercial farming areas.
Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures(牧场). Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food, they also lay eggs which lack important vitamins.
There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a non-essential food! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if it is necessary, we can in fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be addictive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is to provide us with energy, in the form of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and no fiber.
It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fiber has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on "healthy eating".
People have become more interested in natural foods because __________.
A．they are more health conscious
B．they want to taste all kinds of foods
C．natural foods are more delicious than processed foods
D．they want to return to nature
17、 Soil that is rich in organic matters __________.
A．has had chemicals and fertilizers added to it
B．contains vegetable matter that has not been consumed
C．has been nourished by fertilizers
D．already contains large quantities of vitamins and minerals
18、 Chickens raised in poultry farms are all of the following EXCEPT that __________.
A．they are fed on food which is little better than garbage
B．they live in very crowded condition
C．the eggs they lay lack vitamins
D．they are allowed to move about and eat freely
19、 According to the passage, __________.
A．people need sugar to give them energy
B．sugar is bad for the health
C．the use of sugar is habit forming
D．sugar only sweetens food, but provides us with nothing useful
20、 The best title for this passage is __________.
A．People's Growing Interest in Natural Foods
B．Natural Foods and Healthy Diet
C．Harmful Effects of Sugar
D．The Importance of Fiber in Foods
责编：cll