2015年成人学位英语考前冲刺试题及答案（第九套）
Part IReading Comprehension (30 % )
Directions : There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfin-ished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.You should de-cide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the.following passage:
There was one thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large citieswith factories and heavy automobile traffic. At present, we realize that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is literally worldwide. ( 76 ) On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the east of the United States and brought health warnings in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be infected by air pollution. Some scien-tists consider that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil) is creating a "greenhouse effect"--conserving heat reflected from the earth and raising the world' s average temperature. If this view is correct and the world' s tempera- ture is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York,Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be in water.
(77) Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particular matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earth' s temperature--a result that would be equally disastrous.
A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to a new ice age, and would make agri-culture difficult or impossible in many of our top fanning areas. Today we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen (though one recent government report drafted by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very possible ). Perhaps, if we are lucky enough, the two tendencies will offset each other and the world' s temperature will stay about the same as it is now.
1. As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution__________.
A. caused widespread damage in the countryside
B. affected the entire eastern half of the United States
C. had damaging effect on health
D. existed merely in urban and industries areas
2. As to the greenhouse effect, the author__________.
A. shares the same view with the scientists
B. is uncertain of its occurrence
C. rejects it as bein~ ungrounded
D. thinks that it will destroy the world soon
3. The word "offset" in the second paragraph could be replaced by__________.
A. slip into
B. make up for
C. set up
D. catch up with
4. It can be concluded that__________.
A. raising the world' s temperature only a few degrees would not do much harm to life on earth
B. lowering the world' s temperature merely a few degrees would lead many major farming areas to disaster
C. almost no temperature variations have occurred over the past decade
D. the world' s temperature will remain constant in the years to come
5. This passage is primarily about__________.
A. the greenhouse effect
B. the burning of fossil fuels
C. the potential effect of air pollution
D. the likelihood of a new ice age
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage :
Harriet Beecher Stowe had poured her heart into her anti-slavery book," Uncle Tom' s Cab-in". But neither she nor her first publisher thought it would be a big success. (78)The publisher was so doubtful that he wanted her to split the publishing costs with him, and all she hoped was that it would make enough money for her to buy a new silk dress.
But when the first 5,000 copies were printed in 1852, they sold out in two days. In a year the book had sold 300,000 copies in the United States and 150,000 in England. For a while it outsold(销得比... 多) every book in the world, except the Bible.
Within six months of its release, a play was made from the book which ran 350 performances in New York and remained America'. s most popular play for 80 years.
( 79 ) It might appear that" Uncle Tom' s Cabin" was universally popular, but this was certainly not true. Many people during those pre-Civil War days--particularly defenders of the slavery sys-tem-condemned it as false propaganda and poorly written melodrama(传奇剧作品).
Harriet did have strong religious views against slavery ( When asked how she came to write the book, she replied," God wrote it. "), and she tried to convince people slavery was wrong, so per-haps the book could be considered propaganda. But if so, it was true propaganda, because it accu-rately described the evils of slavery.
Though she was born in Connecticut, 1832, as a young woman she moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, when her father accepted the presidency of newly founded Lane Theological Seminary( 神学 院). Ohio was a free state, but just across the Ohio River in Kentucky, Harriet saw slavery in ac-
tion. She lived 18 years in Cincinnati, marrying Calvin Stowe, professor of a college. In 1851, Harriet Beecher Stowe began her book.
Its vast influence strengthened the anti-slavery movement and angered defenders of the slave system. Today some historians(历史学家) think that it helped bring on the American Civil War.
In fact, when Abraham Lincoln met Harriet at the White House during the Civil War, he said,"So, this is the little lady who started this big war. "
6. Before the publication of the book "Uncle Tom' s Cabin"__________.
A. Harriet knew that it would be a great success
B. the publisher wanted Harriet to publish it at her own expense
C. nobody knew that it would become a very popular book
D. no publisher wanted to publish this anti-slavery book
7. Some people did not like "Uncle Tom's Cabin" chiefly because__________.
A. the author was merely an unknown little lady
B. they thought it was mere propaganda
C. the book was poorly written
D. the book might lead to a terrible war
8. Han'iet Beecher Stowe was able to describe the evils of slavery because__________.
A. she had lived for 18 years in a state where slavery was legal
B. she had suffered quite a lot under the slavery system
C. she had witnessed what happened under the slavery system
D. she had read a lot about the slavery system
9. When Abraham Lincoln called Harriet "the little lady who started this big war", he__________.
A. thought that she was almost a war criminal
B. was talking about the great influence her book had produced
C. was blaming her for the miseries the people had suffered during the war
D. was praising her for the contributions she had made during the war
10. The writer wrote the passage in order to__________.
A. expose the evils of the slavery system
B. condemn all kinds of war
C. describe people' s life in Harriet' s time
D. tell us how Harriet wrote her famous book
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
"Equal pay for equal work" is a phrase used by the American women who feel that they are unfairly treated by society. They say it is not right for women to be paid less than men for the same work.
Some people say men have more duties than women. A married man is thought to earn money to support his family and to make the important decision, so it is right for them to be paid more.
Some are even against married women working at all. When wives go out to work, they say, the home and children are given no attention to. (80) If women are encouraged by equal pay to take full-time jobs, they will be unable to do the thing.s they are best at doing: makinga nice home and bringing up children.
Women who disagree say they want to escape from the limited place which society wishes them to fill and to have freedom to choose between work and home life, or a mixture of the two.
Women have the right not only to equal pay but also to equal chances.
11. The women use the phrase "equal pay for equal work" to ask society to__________.
A. pay men less than women
B. give women harder work
C. pay men and women the same amount of money for the same work
D. pay people more who do harder work
12. Some people believe that__________.
A. women can' t do what men can
B. men have to work much harder than women
C. men can earn money more easily than women
D. men' s duties are different from women' s
13. Some people holding even stronger opinions say that__________.
A. women should be kind to their husbands
B. women are too weak to take full-time jobs
C. home is the best pace for women
D. women should only take part-time jobs
14. The women who disagree say that__________.
A. women need chances to go out of the home more often
B. women want more freedom in deciding what kind of life they want
C. women are no longer interested in taking care of their homes
D. if women are given equal pay, they can do everything instead of men
15. According to this passage some women want to give up __________.
A. their present position in society
B. their marriage
C. their right to equal pay
D. their home life
报名热点:2015年成人学位英语报名专题考试指南