Passage 3

The Chinese have used a method called acupuncture (针灸) to perform operations for about4,000 years without putting the patient to sleep. This involves placing flexible needles into certain parts of the body. The needles are available in a number of stores in China and anyone may buy them.

To learn how to use the needles takes about one month of training. But to be skillful requires grea-ter time. The person who performs the acupuncture knows how to put in the needles so the needles themselves are not painful. This person also .knows where to place the needles so the patient feels no pain in the area where the operation is to be performed. A particular operation might require 25 or more needles placed in various parts of the body. But now this operation requires only 3 or 4 needles.

Today, the Chinese doctors are trying to learn more about acupuncture. They are trying to de-velop a convincing theory to explain how the needles work in preventing pain, or why a needle in the wrist, for example, would prevent the pain in the area of the mouth,A patient who needs an operation is given a choice between having acupuncture or having one of the chemicals used for putting him to sleep. It has been estimated that over half of the patients choose acupuncture because there is no sickness after the operation but the chemical may make the patient sick for a few hours or a day.

21. Acupuncture is__________.

A. a medical operation

B. a medical needle

C. a medical technique

D. a medical machine

22. Which statement is NOT true of the performer of acupuncture?

A. He knows where to place the needles without pain.

B. He knows where the operation is to be performed.

C. He knows how to perform the operation to cure the patient.

D. He knows how to use the needles in an operation.

23. To learn how to use the needles, it takes a person__________.

A. several months

B. a couple of weeks

C. a little time

D. almost one month

24. It can be learned from the passage that__________.

A. the person performing the acupuncture knows a lot about the making of needles

B. an operation now needs fewer needles than in the past

C. acupuncture has existed in China for as long as 2,000 years

D. few patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals

25. Which is implied but not stated in the passage?

A. The Chinese mainly use acupuncture to cure strange disease.

B. The Chinese are learning to be more skillful and efficient in acupuncture.

C. The Chinese have spread acupuncture all over the world.

D. Most Chinese patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals in curing diseases.

Passage 4

Spending 50 minutes with a cell phone close to your ear is enough to change brain cell activity in the part of the brain closest to the antenna (天线). But whether that causes any harm is not clear, scientists at the National Institute of Health said at a conference last month, adding that the study will not likely settle concerns of a link between cell phones and brain cancer. "What we showed is glucose(葡萄糖) metabolism(代谢)(a sign of brain activity) increases in the brain in people who were exposed to a cell phone in the area closest to the antenna," said Dr. Nora Volkow of the NIH, whose study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Associa-tion. The study was meant to examine how the brain reacts to electromagnetic fields caused by wireless phone signals.

Volkow said she was surprised that the weak electromagnetic radiation (电磁辐射) from cell phones could affect brain activity, but she said the findings, do not shed any light on whether cell phones cause cancer. "This study does not in any way indicate that. What the study does is to show the human brain is sensitive to electromagnetic radiation from cell phone exposures. " Use of the devices has increased dramatically since they were introduced in the early 1955s, with about 5 billion cell phones now in use worldwide.

Some studies have linked cell phone exposure to an increased risk of brain cancers, but a large study by the World Health Organization did not offer a clear answer to this. Volkow' s team stud- ied 47 people who had their brain examined while a cell phone was turned on for 50 minutes and another while the phone was turned off. While there was no complalete change in brain metabolisthey found a 7 percent increase in brain metabolism in the region closest to the cell: phone antenna when the phone was on.

Experts said the results were interesting, but urged that they be understood with great care. " Al-though the biological significance, if any, of increased glucose metabolism from too much cell phone exposure is unknown, the results require further investigation," Henry Lai of the University of Wash-ington in the U. S. and Dr. Lennart Hardell of University Hospital in Sweden, wrote in an article in JA-MA. "Much has to be done to further investigate and understand these effects. " They wrote.

26. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A. Cell phone use is dangerous.

B. Cell phone use causes cancer.

C. The human brain is an electromagnetic field.

D. There are about 5 billion cell phone users in the world right now.

27. Doctor Volkow was astonished because__________.

A. her research has shed light on her understanding of cell phone

B. she found that cell phone exposure is harmful to human brain

C. she found that using a cell phone for about 50 minutes could influence or change brain activity

D. human brain is not responsive to electromagnetic radiation

28. According to the passage, cell phones were launched__________.

A. in the late 1970s

B. between 1955 and 1960

C. in the late 1955s

D. in the early 1990s

29. What does the word "that" stand for in the second paragraph?

A. Brain activity.

B. Her research findings.

C. The fact that cell phone use may cause cancer.

D. Her research progress.

30. Which of the following is an appropriate tire for this passage?

A. Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Harmful?

B. Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Useful?

C. Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Healthy?

D. Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Weak?

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