Passage 3

No country in the world has more daily newspapers than the USA. There are almost 2,000 of them, as compared with 155 in Japan, 164 in Argentina and 111 in Britain. The quality of some American papers is extremely high and their views are quoted all over the world. Distinguished dai-lies like the Washington Post or the New Fork Times have a powerful influence all over the country.

However, the Post and the Times are not national newspapers in the sense that The Times is in Britain or LeMonde is in France, since each American city has its own daily newspaper. The best of these present detailed accounts of national and international news, but many tend to limit them-selves to state or cite news.

Like the press in most other countries, American newspapers range from the "sensational",which feature crime, sex and rumor, to the serious, which focus on factual news and the analysis of world events. But with few exceptions American newspapers try to entertain as well as give in-formation, for they have to compete with television.

Just as American newspapers give way to all tastes, so do they also try and apply to readers for all political persuasions. A few newspapers support extremist groups on the far right and on the far left, but most daily newspapers attempt to attract middle-of-the-road Americans who are essen-tially moderate. Many of these papers print columns by well-known journalists of different political and social views, in order to present a balanced picture.

As in other democratic countries American newspapers can be either responsible or irresponsi-ble, but it is generally accepted that the American press serves its country well and that it has more than once bravely uncovered political scandals (丑闻) or crimes, for instance, the Watergate Af-fair. The newspapers drew the attention of the public to the fears of the Vietnam War.

26. There are fewer national newspapers in__________.

A. Britain than in the USA

B. France than in Britain

C. the USA than in Britain or France

D. France than in the USA or Britain

27. Most American newspapers try to entertain their readers because__________.

A. they have to keep up a good relation with them

B. they have to compete with television

C. they have to write about crime, sex and rumor

D. they have to give factual news in an interesting way

28. Many American newspapers attract readers of different political tendency by__________.

A. supporting extremist groups from time to time

B. inviting middle-of-the-road Americans to write articles for them

C. avoiding carrying articles about extremists

D. printing articles representing different political viewpoints

29. In this passage, the word "press" (Para. 2) means__________.

A. a machine for printing

B. the business of printing

C. great force

D. newspapers

30. The passage is mainly about__________.

A. the characteristics of American newspapers

B. thc development of American newspapers

C. the functions of American newspapers

D. the merits and shortcomings of American newspapers

Passage 4

The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often falls to -30~F and the sun never rises. The ocean is surrounded by frozen ground. There are few people or trees, but to polar bears, the Arctic(北极) is home.

Polar bears have thick fur, big paws and other features that make them well prepared for life in their tough environment. In fact, they need the Arctic sea ice for survival. But climate change is causing larger and larger areas of summer sea ice to melt( 融化). Experts say that if warming pat-terns continue, the Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050, That may cause two-thirds of the word' s 20,000 polar bears to be gone by then too.

Polar bears can' t survive for long on land. Seals are their main source of food. The only place where polar bears can hunt seals is on the ice. Although these bears are strong swimmers,they are no match for lightning swift seals in the water. A polar bear has brilliantly clever strategies to overcome this disadvantage. In winter the bear waits motionless beside a seal' s breathing hole,which is a narrow tunnel through the ice. Often many hours pass before the seal comes up for air and the bear kills it with a powerful blow of its paw. In summer, the polar bears that live on land eat very little and wait for the sea ice to return.

With the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier, polar bears do not have enough opportunity to hunt and eat. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs( 大片浮冰), and they can' t always make it. The ice is also getting thinner. These conditions can cause polar-bear cubs to become separated from their mothers, who provide them with food.

Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist of Polar Bear International. The group aims to save the bears and their home. "The more people who see polar bears and understand their difficult situa-tions, the better the chance we' 11 alter our warming path in time to save them," he says.

31. Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Climate Change in the Arctic

B. How to Protect the Environment

C. The Arctic Is Home to Polar Bears

D. Polar Bears in Danger

32. Where do polar bears usually hunt seals?

A. On land.

B. In open water.

C. In. openings in the sea ice.

D. At the bottom of the sea.

33. The word "cubs" in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to __________.

A. adults

B. babies

C. hunters

D. enemies

34. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Starving polar bears are increasingly coming into villages, where they may be killed either for food or safety.

B. Polar bears can spend their entire lives on land if the sea ice melts completely.

C. Two-thirds of the world' s polar bears may disappear by 2050 as global warming continues.

D. The growing distance between ice packs is not a problem for polar bears, because they are excellent swimmers.

35. What' s the mission of Polar Bears International?

A. Saving energy.

B. Conducting scientific research.

C. Seeking international cooperation.

D. Saving polar bears and their home.

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