Passage Three

We have recently heard a great deal about the bad effects of computers on our social and economic institutions. In industry，computers mean automation， and automation means unemployment.The United States.with its extravagant investment in computers，is plagued(使得灾祸，烦恼)by unemployment for unskilled workers.Already computers have begun to displace workers whose tasks are simple.The variety of jobs，formerly done only by humans，that the machine can perform more rapidly，accurately，and economically，increases with each new generation of computers.If we follow this trend，say the pessimists(悲观主义者)，we are faced with the prospect of mass unemployment for all but a handful of highly trained，highly intelligent

professionals.who will then be more influential and overworked than they are now.Only recently a distinguished English physicist predicted that within twenty years electronic engineers might have to become conscientious objectors in order to prevent these machines from wrecking out(使遭难，破 坏)social and economic institutions.

What can we do about it?It is foolish to dream of reversing history.We cannot pass laws forbidding the advancement of science and technology.The computing machines are here.and they will grow because engineers want to build them，soldiers want to enlist them in new weapon systems and politicians want their help in the process of government.In short，they will flourish because they enable US to accomplish tasks that could never before have been undeflaken，no matter how many

unskilled laborers we might have set to work.Computers will continue to amplify our intelligence for just the same reason that engines continue to amplify our muscles.The question we must ask is not whether we shall have computers or not have computers，but rather，since.we are going to have them，how we can make the most humane and intelligent use of them.

21.The author insists that __________ .

A.computers will continue to have bad effects on our social and economic institutions

B.computers will continue to cause mass unemployment

C.computers will lead to economic controls

D.computers will continue to flourish，but there is no cause for pessimism

22.According to the article，which of the following best characterizes the author’s attitude towards the computer?

A.Extremely pessimistic. B.Cautiously optimistic.

C.Extremely optimistic.D.Cautiously pessimistic.

23.The author suggests that computers will continue to grow and flourish because __________ -

A.it is foolish and impossible to reverse history

B.no laws can forbid the advancement of science and technology

C.engines amplify our muscles

D.they can be and have been put to good use

24.The main idea of the last paragraph is __________ .

A.that computers are misleading

B.that computers have caused industrial strife

C.that we are able to build bigger and faster computers

D.that we can make the most humane and intelligent use of computers

25.“Conscientious objectors”in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to __________ .

A.people who refuse to do something for moral reasons

B.objects in the minds of the engineers

C.pessimists who find the whole situation hopeless

D.machines that can prevent computers from ruining HS

Passage Four

A library is more than just a place where books are stored.A library is a source of information. That information may come from books(fiction，nonfiction，or reference books)，from periodicals (newspapers，magazines，and journals)，from audi0—visual materials(records，cassettes，microfilm，video tapes，etc.)，or even from a computer terminal.

Students go to libraries to study and to write research papers.The periodicals room of a university library is where foreign students often find newspapers and magazines from their countries。

In the reference room，they can find catalogs from many universities in the U.S.and other countries.If you are buying a used car.the reference librarian can show you the Blue Book，which lists the prices of new and used cars.People who need information in a hurry can telephone the reference librarian at many libraries.

There are as many different library services as there are types of people who use them.Children’s libraries provide materials for young readers.They sometimes have story tellers who read stories to groups of children.and a few have computers for the children to play with.Music lovers can listen to recordings of their favorite musicians in music libraries.Some libraries offer special

services for blind people，such as books in Braille，“talking”books，and Kurzweil Reading Machines.

Libraries provide entertainment as well as information.Novels and short stories from a library’s fiction collection are a good source of enjoyable reading practice.Public libraries often sponsor lectures on topics of interest to members of the community，and a few even offer concerts and films.

No matter what your interests are，you will find that a library can be a great place to enjoy yourself while you learn.

26.In libraries，readers can get information from __________ .

A.computer terminal，books，periodicals or nonfiction

B.books，periodicals，audio-visual materials or video tapes

C.periodicals，books，audi0—visual materials or a computer terminal

D.materials，reference books，periodicals，audi0·visual or journa]s

2 7.In the reference room of the library you can find——.

A.materials for young readers B.university catalogs

C.newspapers and magazines D.the fiction collection

28.Foreign students often go to __________ to read newspapers and magazines from their countries.

A.periodical rooms B.reference rooms

C.music rooms D.computer centers

29.The last sentence in the last paragraph implies that readers can __________ .

A.find entertainment and information in a library

B.read both novels and short stories in a bookstore

C.enjoy concerts and films in a theater

D.attend many lectures at colleges

30.What is the main idea of the passage?

A.There are many kinds of libraries.

B.A library is a place where books are stored.

C.Libraries provide entertainment.

D.Libraries offer many different services.

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