Passage 2

Traditionally,, universities have carried out two main activities: research and teaching. Many experts would argue that both these activities play a critical role in serving the community. The fun-damental question, however, is how does the community want or need to be served?

In recent years universities have been coming under increasing pressure from both the govern-ments and the public .to ensure that they do not remain "ivory towers(象牙塔)" of study separated from the realities of everyday life. University teachers have been encouraged, and in some cases constrained (强迫), to provide more courses which produce graduates with the technical skills re-quired for the commercial use. If Aristotle wanted to work in a university in the UK today ， he would have a good chance of teaching computer science but would not be so readily employable as a philosopher.

A post-industtial society requires large numbers of computer programmers, engineers, manag-ers and technicians to maintain and develop its economic growth but "man", as the Bible says,"does not live by bread alone. " Apart from requiring medical and social services, which do not di-rectly contribute to economic growth, the society should also value and enjoy literature, music and the arts. Because they can also promote economic growth. A successful musical play, for instance,can contribute as much to the Gross National Product through tourist dollars as any other things.

56. The main idea of the first paragraph is that__________.

A. traditional universities do a good job serving the society

B. universities must meet the needs of the society

C. research and teaching are of great importance in universities

D. universities play an important role in our society

57. We can infer from the second paragraph that__________.

A. the society is not satisfied with the present college education

B. the governments interfere too much with college education

C. teacher are forced to do what they don' t like to do

D. teachers dislike teaching commercially useful courses

58. The Aristotle example is used to make the point that__________.

A. universities in the UK have produced too much good for graduates

B. such abstract subjects as philosophy is no longer useful

C. education should serve the social needs

D. it is advisable for today' s philosophers to know computer science

59. According to the passage, literature, music and the arts__________.

A. do not contribute to economic growth at all

B. are less useful to the society because they do not make direct contribution to economic growth

C. are similar to medical and social services in their way of promoting economic growth

D. should develop only when they are good for economic growth

60. The author believes that__________.

A. art is useful only when it is made into a money earner

B. the promotion of economic growth is the only goal of today' s society

C. universities should not provide literature or art courses

D. the society needs both technical skills and arts

Passage 3

All the useful energy at the surface of the earth comes from the activity of the sun: The sun heats and feeds creatures and mankind. Each year it provides men with two hundred million tons of grain and nearly ten million tons of wood, coal, oil, natural gas, and all other fuels are stored en-ergy from the sun. Some was collected by this season' s plants as carbon compounds. Some was stored by plants and trees ages ago. Even waterpower derives from the sun. Water turned into va-por by the sun fails as rain. It courses down the mountains and is converted to electric power. Light transmits only the energy that comes from the sun' s outer layer, and much of this energy that is di-rected towards the earth never arrives. About nine tenths of it is absorbed by the atmosphere of the earth. In fact, the earth itself gets only one half millionth of the sun' s entire output of radiant energy.

61. The sun is the source of all of the following EXCEPT__________.

A. gasoline

B. natural gas

C. atomic power

D. animal fat

62. Radiant energy is stored as carbon compounds by__________.

A. plants

B. water

C. rock

D. creatures

63. The sun' s energy provides us with all EXCEPT__________.

A. rain

B. teal

C. water

D. light

64. The largest part of the light energy directed towards the earth is__________.

A. stored up by the plants

B. absorbed by the earth' s atmosphere

C. stored up by the animals in the form of body fat

D. used for electric power

65. Of the sun' s total output of radiant energy, the earth receives__________.

A. one tenth

B. one millionth

C. all that comes from the surface of the sun

D. a very small portion

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