Part II Reading Comprehension(40 points)

Directions：There are 4 reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with o single line throught the center.

根据以下内容回答下面试题：

Adam Smith,writing in the 1770s，was the first person to see the importance of the divi-sion of labor and to explain part of its advantages.He gives as an example the process by which pins were made in England.

“One man draws out the wire，another strengthens it，a third cuts it，a fourth points it，a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the head.To make the head requires two or three distinct operations. To put it on is a separate operation，to polish the pins is another.And the important business of making pins is，in this manner，divided into about eighteen dis.tinct operations which in some factories are all performed by different people，though in others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them.”

Ten men，Smith said，in this way turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4 800 pins a piece.But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor，they certainly could not have made twenty pins in a day and perhaps not even one.

There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of orgnizing work.Fewer people can make more pins.Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labour is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still.But division of labor adds nothing new，it only enables people to produce more of what they already have.

第16题单选 According to the passage，Adam Smith w'as the first person to__________.

A.take advantage of the division of the labor

B.introduce the division of labor into England

C.understand the effects of the division of labor

D.explain the causes of the division of labor

参考答案：C

第17题单选 Adam Smith saw that the division of labor __________.

A.enable each worker to make pins more quickly and more cheaply

B.increased the possible output per worker

C.increased the number of people employed in factories

D.improved the quality of pins produced.

参考答案：B

第18题单选 Adam smith mentioned the number 4 800 in order to__________ .

A.show the advantages of the division of labor

B.show the advantages of the old craft system

C.emphasize how powerful the individual worker was

D.emphasize the importance of increased production

参考答案：A

第19题单选 According to the writer，Adam Smith’s mistake was in believing that division of labor__________.

A.was an efficient way of organizing work

B.was an important development in methods of production

C.inevitably led to economic development

D.increased the production of existing goods

参考答案：C

第20题单选 Which of the following could serve as an appropriate title for the passage?

A.Adam Smith，the English Economist

B.The Theory of Division of Labor

C.Division of Labor，An Efficient Way of Organizing Work

D.Adam Smith as the Discoverer of Division of Labor

参考答案：C

根据以下内容回答下面试题：

The biggest safety threat facing airlines today.may not be a terrorist with a gun，but the man with the portable computer in business class.In the last，15 years，pilots have reported well over l00 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference.The source of this interference remains unconfirmed，but increasingly，experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic devices such as portable computers，radio and cassette players and mobile telephones.

RTCA，an organization which advises the aviation industry，has recommended that all air-lines prevent such devices from being used during“critical”stages of flight，particularly，duffng take-off and landing.Some experts have gone further，calling for a total ban duffng all flights.Currently，rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines.And ahhough some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment during take-off and landing.most are reluctant to enforce a total ban，given that many passengers want to work during flights.

The difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircraft’S computers.Experts know that portable devices emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication.But，because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory，they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not.

The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable(易受损的)to interference raises the risk that terrorists may use radio systems in order to damage navigation equipment.Worrying，though，is the passenger who can’t hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the music is too loud.

第21题单选 The passage is mainly about__________ .

A.a new regulation for all aidines

B.the defects of electronic devices

C.a possible cause of aircraft crashes

D.effective safety measures for air flight

参考答案：C

第22题单选 What is said about the over l00 aircraft incidents in the past 15 years?

A.They may have been caused by the damage to the radio system.

B.They may have taken place during take-off and landing.

C.They were proved to have been caused by the passengers’portable computers.

D.They were suspected to have resulted from electromagnetic interference.

参考答案：D

第23题单选 Few airlines want to impose a total ban on their passengers using electronic devices because.

A.they don’t believe there is such a danger as radio interference

B.the harmful effect。of electromagnetic interference is not yet to be proved

C.most passengers refuse to take a plane which bans the use of radio and cassette players

D.they have other effective safety measures to fall back on

参考答案：B

第24题单选 Why is it difficult to predict the possible effects of electromagnetic fields on an airplane’S computers?

A.Because it is extremely dangerous to conduct such research on an airplane.

B.Because it remains a mystery what wave—lengths are liable to be interfered with.

C.Because scientists have not been able to produce the same effects in labs.

D.Because experts lack adequate equipment to do such research.

参考答案：C

第25题单选 It can be inferred from the passage that the author__________ .

A.is in favor of prohibiting passengers’use of electronic devices completely

B.has overestimated the danger of electromagnetic interference

C.hasn’t formed his own opinion on this problem

D.regards it as unreasonable to exercise a total ban during flight

参考答案：A

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