根据以下内容回答下面试题：

It is well known that when an individual joins a group he tends to accept the group’s stand-ards of behavior and thinkin9.He is expected to behave in accordance with these norms——in other words the group expects him to conform.Many illustrations could be given of this from everyday life，but what is of particular interest to psychologists is the extent to which people’s judgments and opinions can be changed as a resuh of group pressure.

In a typical experiment，the experimenter ask for volunteers to join a group whicii is inves tigating visual perception.The victims are not，therefore，aware of the real purpose of the ex-periment.Each volunteer is taken to a room where he finds a group of about seven people who are collaborating with the experimenter.The group is shown a standard card which contains a single line.They are then asked to look at a second card.This has three lines on it.One is ob-viously longer than the line on the first card，one is shorter and one the same length.They have to say which line on the second card is the same length as the line on the standard card.The other members of the group answer first but what the volunteer does not know is that they have been told to pick one of the wrong lines.The volunteer sees that the other members of the group unanimously choose a line which is obviously not the same length as the one on the standard card.

When it is his turn to answer he is faced with the unanimous opinion of the rest of the gmup—all the others have chosen line A but he quite clearly sees line B as correct.What will he do?According to Asch，more than half of the victims chosen will change their opinion.What is equally surprising is that，when interviewed about their answers，most explained that they knew the group choice was incorrect but that they yielded to the pressure of the group because they thought they must be suffering from an optical illusion.

第26题单选 Psychologists are interested in__________ .

A.how far group pressure can influence people’s judgments

B.how to make judgments according to everyday experience

C.how to change people’s judgments

D.the group’s standards of social behavior

参考答案：A

第27题单选 In the experiment.who have been told to.pick the wrong line?

A.The victims.

B.The volunteer.

C.The experimenter.

D.The other members.

参考答案：D

第28题单选 In what circumstances do most people yield to pressure?

A.When the group is separated.

B.When the group is unanimous.

C.When they know they are the victims.

D.When they are forced to answer questions.

参考答案：B

第29题单选 The experiments demonstrate that__________ .

A.nearly every individual will behave differently from others

B.group pressure is caused by the interference of the psychologists

C.psychologists wish to change the people’s judgments and opinions

D.people will change their ideas under group pressure

参考答案：D

第30题单选 The best title of this passage would be__________

A.A Typical Experiment.

B.Are We Afraid to Be Different?

C.The Group’S Standards of Behavior and Thinkin9.

D.Does Individual Need to Follow a Group’S Standards?

参考答案：B

根据以下内容回答下面试题：

“CuIture shock”occurS as result of total immersion in a new culture.It happens to“peo-Dle who haye been suddenly transplanted abroad.”Newcomers may be anxious because they do not speak the language，know the customs，or understand people’s behavior in daily life.The visitor finds that“yes may not always mean“yes”，that friendliness does not necessarily mean friendship，or that statements that appear to be serious are really intended as jokes.The for-eigner may be unsure as to when to shake hands，when to start conversations，or how to approach a stmnger.The notion of“culture shock”helps explain feelings of bewilderment(困惑)and disorientation.Language problems do not account for all the frustrations(挫败)that people feel.When one is deprived of everything that was once familiar，such as understanding a transportation system，knowing how to register for university classes，Ot knowing how to make friends，difficulties in coping with the new society may arise.

“…when an individual enters a strange cuhure，he or she is like fish out of water.”New-comers feel at times that they do not belong to and feel alienated from the native members of thecuhure.When this happens visitors may want t0·reject everything about the new environment and may glorify and exaggerate(夸大)the positive aspects of their own culture.Conversely visitors may scorn their native country by rejecting its values and instead choosing to identify with(if only temporarily)the value of the new country.This may occur as an attempt to over—identify with the new culture in order to be accepted by the people in it.

第31题单选 The expression“he or she is like fish out of water”suggests__________ .

A.people away from their cultures can hardly survive in a new culture

B.a fish can not survive without water

C.people away from their culture experience mental isolation

D.people away from their culture has difficulties in new environment

参考答案：D

第32题单选 In order to identify with the new environment，some people may__________ .

A.give an exaggerated picture of their own country

B.criticize the positive aspects of their own county

C.give up their original beliefs.

D.accept a temporary set of values

参考答案：A

第33题单选 Which of the following statements is true according to the author?

A.Difficulty results in culture shock.

B.A typical symptom of culture shock is confusion.

C.Culture shock is the explanation of anxiety.

D.Cuhure shock happens to foreign students only.

参考答案：B

第34题单选 Newcomer may worry about__________ .

A.their ignorance of the alien customs

B.their knowledge of“Yes”in the native language

C.their understanding of friendship

D.their control of their behavior

参考答案：B

第35题单选 When the foreign visitor is immersed in new problems he finds hard to cope with，he is most likely to feel__________ .

A.unsafe

B.deprived

C.Mienated

D.anxious

参考答案：C

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