二、阅读理解(11-30)

In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the e_arly post-war era( 战后时期 ), there was a quite widespread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are facing with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting (过分信任) of computers and are re- luctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons may be pushed, or that a computer may simply malfunction(失灵).

Obviously, there would be no point in investing(投入) in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong. Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.

11.What is the main purpose of this passage?

A.To look back to the early days of computers.

B.To explain what technical problems may occur with computers.

C.To discourage unnecessary investment in computers.

D.To warn against the blindness to the probable shortcomings of computers.

答案：D

解析：归纳概括题。写此文的目的可从文章的内容概括出来。文章段讲的是当代人们过分信任计算机;第二段讲人类应该依赖自己的大脑，不应把计算机看作是思考技能的替代品。综上可知防止人们盲目地信任计算机才是本文的写作目的。

12.The passage recommends those dealing with computers to ________

A.be reasonably doubtful about them

B.check all their answers

C.substitute them for basic thinking

D.use them for business purpose only

答案：A

解析： 事实细节题。由第二段可知，作者在建议人们应依靠自己的大脑，对待计算机要持questioning(敢于怀疑)的态度并采取double check(仔细检查)的手段。所以选A，意思是要持理性怀疑态度，也就是不要盲目地完全依赖它。作者并没有说完全不信任计算机，要逐一核对答案，这样计算机恐怕真的要扔掉了，所以B曲解了作者的用意。C(用电脑代替人脑)是作者在文中反对的;D(仅将电脑用于商业)太片面了。

13.An "internal computer" ( Para. 2 ) is ________

A.a computer used exclusively by one company for its own problems

B.a person' s store of knowledge and the ability to process it

C.the most up to date in home computer a company can buy

D.a computer from the post-war era which is very reliable

答案：B

解析： 推理判断题。人类自己所拥有的“内部计算机”当然是指大脑以及大脑内所存储的知识了。这也体现了作者反对用电脑代替人脑的写作目的。

14.The passage suggests that the present day problem with regard to computers is ________

A.challenging

B.psychological

C.dramatic

D.over-trusting

答案：D

解析：事实细节题。over-trusting“过分信任的”。正如作者在段第三句所述，人类对待计算机的问题主要在于过分相信它并不愿挑战它的权威性。challenging“挑战的”;psychological“心理的”;dramatic“戏剧性的”。

15.It can be inferred from the passage that the author would disapprove of ________

A.computer science courses in high schools

B.businessmen and women who use pocket calculators

C.maintenance(连续不断) checks on computers

D.companies which depend entirely on computers

答案：D

解析：推理判断题。此类题须弄清作者的真正意图。正如前面所述，作者提倡的并不是完全不信任计算机，而是不要盲目地完全依赖它。A、B、c三项都是以不同方式使用计算机，而作者并未完全否定计算机的使用，所以这三项都不能选。只有D(完全依赖计算机)才是作者不赞成的。

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