北京2017年成人学位英语考试预热试题及答案三
What exactly is a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it somethingmore than that? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you. You say“I wish I could help you but I'm short of money myself.”n fact, you are not short of moneybut your friend is in the habit of not paying his debt and you don't want to hurt his feelings byreminding him of this. Is this really a lie ?
Professor Jerald Jellison of the Universityof Southern California has made a scientific studyon lying. (76) According to him, women are better liars thana men, particularly when telling a“white lie,”such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks awful. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intention of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to beparticularly skilled at: the lie from which the liar hopes to pofit or gain in some way.
Research has also been done into the way people's behavior changes in a number of small,apparently unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down atthe time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying, “I wish I were somewhere else now.” They also, tend to touch certain parts of theface more often, in particular the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slightincrease in blood pressure. The tip of the nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increasedpressures make it itch.
Another gesture which gives liars away is what the writer Desmond Morris in his book
Manwatching calls "the mouth cover."(77) He says there are several typical forms of this, such as coveting part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth. Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious attempt on the part
of the liar to stop himself or herself from lying.
Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth, or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently in this situation. It is not one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things, and in particular the context in which the lie is told.
11.According to the passage, a "white lie" seems to be a lie __________
A.that other people believe
B.that other people don't believe
C.told in order to avoid offending someone
D.told in order to take advantage of someone
答案：C
12.Research suggests that women__________
A.are better at telling less serious lies than men
B.generally lie far more than men do
C.lie at parties more often than men do
D.often make promises they intend to break
答案：A
13.Researchers find that when a person tells lies__________
A.his blood pressure increases measurably
B.he looks very serious
C.he tends to make some small changes in his behavior
D.he uses his unconscious mind
答案：C
14.One reason why people sometimes rub their noses when they lie is that__________.
A.they wish they were somewhere else
B.the nose is sensitive to physical changes caused by lying
C.they want to cover their mouths
D.they are trying to stop themselves from telling lies
答案：B
15.The tone of this passage tells us that the writer__________
A.hates to lie
B.enjoys lying
C.often tells a lie
D.tries to analyze lying
答案：D
学位英语考试：2017年成人学位英语考试试题题型详解
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