二、阅读理解

If you look closely at some of the early copies of the Declaration of Independence, beyond the flourished signature of John Hancock and the other 55 men who signed it, you will also find the name of one woman, Mary Katherine Goddard.It was she, a Baltimore printer, who published the first official copies of the Declaration, the first copies that included the names of its signers and therefore heralded(宣布，预示.the support of all thirteen colonies.

Mary Goddard first got into printing at the age of twenty-four when her brother opened a printing shop in Providence, Rhode Island, in 1762.When her proceeded to get into trouble with his partners and creditors, it was Mary Goddard and her mother who were left to run the shop.In 1765 they began publishing The Providence Gazette, a weekly newspaper.Similar problems seemed to follow her brother as he opened businesses in Philadelphia and again in Baltimore.Each time Ms.Goddard was brought in to run the newspapers.After starting Baltimore’s first newspaper, The Maryland Journal, in 1773, her brother went broke trying to organize a colonial postal service.While he was in debtor’s prison, Mary Katherine Goddard’s name appeared in the newspaper’s masthead (报头.for the first time.

When the Continental Congress fled there from Philadelphia in 1776, it commissioned Ms.Goddard to print the first official version of the Declaration of Independence in January 1777.After printing the documents, she herself paid the post riders to deliver the Declaration throughout the colonies.

During the American Revolution, Mary Goddard continued to publish Baltimore’s only newspaper, which one historian claimed was “second to none among the colonies.” She was also the city’s postmaster from 1775 to 1789 --- appointed by Benjamin Franklin –and is considered to be the first woman to hold a federal position.

11.With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned?

A.The accomplishment of a female publisher.

B.The weaknesses of the newspaper industry.

C.The rights of a female publisher.

D.The publishing system in colonial America.

答案：A

12.Mary Goddard’s name appears on the Declaration of Independence because____.

A.She helped write the original document

B.She published the document

C.She paid to have the document printed

D.Her brother was in prison

答案：B

13.According to the passage, Mary Goddard first became involved in publishing when she ____.

A.was appointed by Benjamin Franklin

B.signed the Declaration of Independence

C.took over her brother’s printing shop

D.moved to Baltimore

答案：C

14.The word “there” in paragraph 3 refers to____.

A.the colonies

B.the print shop

C.Baltimore

D.Providence

答案：C

15.It can be inferred from the passage that Mary Goddard was ____.

A.an accomplished businesswoman

B.extremely wealthy

C.a member of the Continental Congress

D.a famous writer

答案：A

Interact use appears to cause a drop in psychological health, according to research at Carnegie Mellon University.

Even people who spent just a few hours a week on the Internet experienced more bad feelings and loneliness than those who was online less frequently, the two-year study showed.Researchers are puzzling over the results, which were completely contrary to their expectations.They expected that the Net would prove socially healthier than television, since the Net allows users to choose their information and to communicate with others.

The fact that Internet use reduces time available for family and friends may account for the drop in psychological health, researchers hypothesized (推测..Faceless, bodiless“virtual”(虚的.communication may be less psychologically satisfying than actual conversation, and the relationships formed through it may be shallower.Another possibility is that exposure to the wider world through the Net makes users less satisfied with their lives.

“But it' s important to remember this is not about the technology, it' s about how it is used,”says psychologist Christine Riley of Intel, one of the study' s sponsors (发起人.."It really points to the need for considering social factors in terms of how you design applications and services for technology."

16.What's the finding of the research undertaken at Carnegie Mellon University?

A.People spend more time on the Internet now.

B.People spend less time with their families and friends now.

C.The Net proves socially healthier than television.

D.Internet use may cause a drop in psychologicall health.

答案：D

17.What had the researchers expected before the research?

A.The Net may account for the drop in psychological health.

B.Internet use may improve social health.

C.Internet use has nothing to do with social health.

D.Spending much time on the Internet makes people feel bad and lonely.

答案：B

18.Which is not true according to the passage?

A.The Net allows users to choose their information and to communicate with others.

B.Internet communication may be less psychologically satisfying than actual conversation.

C.Undeveloped Internet technology causes the drop in psychological health.

D.The wider world through the Net makes users less satisfied with their lives.

答案：C

19.What does Christine Riley, the psychologist, suggest?

A.It's necessary to take social factors into account in designing applications and services for technology.

B.It's important to tell the users how to design and apply the technology.

C.Compared with social factors, the technology itself has more influence on the Internet users.

D.No social factors should be considered in applications and services for technology.

答案：A

20.Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage?

A.How to Use the Internet

B.Disadvantages of the Internet

C.Social Factors and the Internet

D.Internet May Cause Bad Feelings

答案：D

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