2015年湖北成人学位英语考试真题及参考答案解析
Directions: Read the following passage carefully. Then translate the underlined sentences marked from 51-55 into Chinese. You should write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
阅读下面材料,回答下面试题:
As part of more comprehensive compliance and ethics programs, many companies have formulated internal policies pertaining to the ethical conduct of employees.These policies can be simple exhortations in broad, highly-generalized language ( typically called a corporate ethics statement), or they can be more detailed policies, containing specific behavioral requirements (typically called corporate ethics codes).51They are generally meant to identify the company's expectations of workers and to offer guidance on handling some of the more common ethical problems that might arise in the course of doing business.52 It is hoped that having such a policy will lead to greater ethical awareness , consistency in application, andthe avoidance of ethical disasters.
53. An increasing number of companies also requires employees to attend seminars regarding business conduct, which often include discussion of the company's policies, specific case studies, and leEal requirements. Some companies even require their employees to sign agreements stating that they will abide by the company's rules of conduct.
Many companies are assessing the environmental factors that can lead employees to engage in unethical conduct.A competitive business environment may call for unethical behavior.Lying has become expected in fields such as trading.An example of this are the issues surrounding the unethical actions of the Saloman Brothers.
Not everyone supports corporate policies that govern ethical conduct. Some claim that ethical problems are better dealt with by depending upon employees to use their own judgment.
Others believe that corporate ethics policies are primarily rooted in utilitarian concerns, and that they are mainly to limit the company's legal liability, or to curry public favor by giving the appearance of being a good corporate citizen.Ideally, the company will avoid a lawsuit because its employees will follow the rules.54 .Should a lawsuit occur, the company can claim that the problem would not have arisen if the employee had only followed the code properly.
Sometimes there is disconnection between the company's code of ethics and the company's actual practices. 55. Thus, whether or not such conduct is explicitly sanctioned by management, at worst, this makes the policy duplicitous (搞两面派的) , and, at best, it is merely a marketing tool.
第51题 They are generally meant to identify the company's expectations of workers and to offer guidance on handling some of the more common ethical problems that might arise in the course of doing business
答案：它们的目的是，在处理一些在做业务过程中可能出现的更普遍的伦理问题时，确定公司对员工的预期并提供指导。
第52题 It is hoped that having such a policy will lead to greater ethical awareness , consistency in application, andthe avoidance of ethical disasters.
答案：希望拥有这样的政策将带来更强的道德意识、运用的连贯性及道德灾难的避免。
第53题 An increasing number of companies also requires employees to attend seminars regarding business conduct, which often include discussion of the company's policies, specific case studies, and leEal requirements.
答案：越来越多的公司也要求员工参加与商业行为有关的研讨会，这些会议通常包含公司政策、具体的案例分析及法律要求。
第54题 Should a lawsuit occur, the company can claim that the problem would not have arisen if the employee had only followed the code properly.
答案：如果发生诉讼，公司将宣称，假如员工完全遵守了条例，就不会发生问题。
第55题 Thus, whether or not such conduct is explicitly sanctioned by management, at worst, this makes the policy duplicitous (搞两面派的) , and, at best, it is merely a marketing tool.
答案：因此，无论这种行为是否由管理层明确批准，坏的结果是，它将使政策变得模棱两可，的结果是，它仅仅是一个营销工具。
Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
第56题 Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay on it.
In your essay, you should
(1) describe the cartoon briefly;
(2) analyze this situation ;
(3) give your comments.'
You should write 100--150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
答案：One possible version:
Noise Pollution
The cartoon shows another kind of pollution for us. Besides the air pollution, noise pollution is becoming a more and more serious problem, whether in cities or countryside.
With the development of machines, noise has also increased greatly in the 21th century.We live surrounded by loud planes, trucks and electric tools.TV sets and radios add up to 90 or 100 decibels, a certain unit used to measure the loudness of sound.A normal dialogue reaches 55 decibels; a plane goes to 100, and an ordinary train, reaching the station,can be twice as loud as the loudest plane.Disco music reaches about 118.At high decibels the ear stops hearing sound, and pain starts.How terrible if things go on like this!
It seems impossible to avoid all noises.But we can take measures to reduce noise.For example, many cities forbid cars pushing horn in the evening or in city centre. Planting more trees is another way to relieve the pollution since trees help absorb sound.I hope the government will take more and more powerful steps to reduce noise, so that people can live a peaceful life !
2015年湖北成人学位英语考试真题及答案解析>>点击查看试题答案