(80)As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats,the m，usicians from the ship's band stood and played.They died When the ship went down.men stood on the deck alld smoked cigarettes.They died，t00.This behavior is puzzling to economlsts，who llke to believe that people tend to act in their own self interest.“There was no pushin9，”says DaVld SaV ageaIl econos rortsrom the,mist at Queensland University in Australia who has studied witnessurvivors.It was“very，very orderly behavior Savage has comppared the behavior of the passengers on the Titanic with those on the Lusitanla，aIlother sllip mat also sank at about the same time.But when the Lusitania went down，the pa58en gers panicked(恐慌).There were a lot of similarities between these two events·The8e‘w0 8hlp8were bom luxury ones，they had a similar number of passengers and a similar number of survlV ors.

The biggest difference，Savage concludes，was time.The Lusitania sank in less than 20 n11nutes.But for the Titanic，it was tw0.and_a-half hours.“If you’ve got an eVent that lasts tw0 and a_half hours.social order will take over and everybody will behave in a soclal manner,Say age says.“If you're going down in under l7 minutes，basically it’s，instinctual·”0n the Titanic，social order mled，aIld it was women and children first.On the Lusitania，instinct won out.Thesurvivors were largely the people who could swim and get into the lifeboats Yes.we're self-interested，Savage ways.But we’re also part of a society.Given time，s0cial norms(规范)can beat our natural self-interest.A hundred years a90，women and children al waVs went first.Men were stoic(坚忍的).On the Titanic，there was enough rime for these nom8

to become forceful.

第11题 According to the author，economists were confused because ________.

A.People’s behavior was disorderly on the Titanic

B.People did not act in their own interest on the Titanic

C.most men did not act in their own interest on the Lusitania

D.women and children could not climb into the lifeboats.

答案：B

第12题 The expression“won out’’in the third paragraph is closest in meaning t0“________’.

A.took the upper hand B.went out of control

C.ran wild D.shut down

答案：A

第13题 According to David Savage，________ was a critical factor in determining people’s behavior in the sinking of these two ships.

A.social order B.place C.instinct D.time

答案：D

第14题 According to the passage，which of the following is NOT TRUE?

A.Both ships were expensive ones.

B.A similar number of women and children from both ships survived

C.About the same number of people from each ship died.

D.Both ships had a similar number of passenger

答案：B

第15题 Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?

A.Why Didn’t Musicians Play on the Lusitania? B.Why Did Musicians Play on the Titanic?

C.Why Didn’t Passengers Panic on the Titanic? D.Why Did Men Smoke on the Titanic?

答案：C

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