2016年11月北京成人学位英语考试真题及参考答案
点击进入在线测试：2016年11月北京成人学位英语考试真题及答案解析
Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some ques-tions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.
If the Dakota Access Pipeline(输油管道) is completed, it will carry nearly half a million bar-rels of oil across four states every day. Energy Transfer Partners (ETP), a Texas-based company behind the $ 3.8 billion project, hopes to finish construction this year. But the Standing Rock Sioux, an American Indian tribe( 部落), is determined to stop the 1,172-mile pipeline from being built. (76)Both sides show no signs of backing down.
The Dakota Access Pipeline was announced in 2014. A section of it will run near the Standing Rock Sioux reservation. A reservation is an area of land set aside for American Indians. The tribe says the construction threatens to destroy historical areas and ancient burial sites. They also say the pipeline could pollute their main water source, the Missouri River. In April, the Standing Rock Sioux began a protest against the project. They camped at the construction site. Since then, thou-sands of people, including people from American Indian tribes, have traveled to the site to join the protest.
ETP says that the pipeline will have built-in safety measures to protect against oil leaks. Work-ers will also monitor it remotely, and will be able to close valves (阀) within three minutes if leaks are detected.
American Indians have been staging a nonviolent protest for months. The protest took a turn last week when police were called to keep the peace between protesters and armed security guards hired by the company.
(77) Twenty-eight people have been arrested since then and charged with interfering with the pipeline construction.
第1题 Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?
A.The Dakota Access Pipeline will create more markets for oil and gas.
B.The Dakota Access Pipeline will create many job opportunities.
C.American Indians oppose the construction of an oil pipeline.
D.American Indians fight for equal voting rights.
答案：C
解析：【内容概要】
本文介绍了达科塔输油管道建设和美国印第安部落立岩苏族之间的矛盾。文中列出了双方的观点和分歧，也给出了在警方介入后事态的发展。
【译文】
如果达科塔输油管道完工，每天近50万桶原油将跨越四个州进行输送。这项价值38亿的工程的幕后主导者——位于德克萨斯州的天然气存储和运输公司(ETP)，希望在今年完成工程的建设工作。但是一个美国印第安部落——立岩苏族决定要中止1172英里长的输油管道的修建。双方都没有表示妥协的迹象。
达科塔输油管道工程是在2014年宣布的。其中一段管道离立岩苏族保护区非常近。保护区是为美国印第安人保留的一片地区。部落认为管道建设可能会破坏历史风貌和古代墓地。他们同时认为管道可能会污染当地的主要水源——密苏里河。立岩苏族从四月份起开始了反对该工程的抗议活动。他们在建设工地扎营。此后，几千人，包括美国其他印第安部落的人们纷纷来到工地加入抗议大军。
ETP说管道的建设有安全措施来防止管道泄漏。工人们可以进行远程监控，如果发现有泄露，他们可以在3分钟之内关上阀门。
美国印第安人的非暴力抗议活动已经持续了几个月。当警方上周介入抗议者和公司武装保安人员之间进行调和时，抗议活动出现了新的进展。
之后有28人被捕，并被指控妨碍了输油管道的建设。
【精解精析】
【定位】段第二句话“Energy Transfer Partners…hopes to finish construction this year.”;第三句话“But the Standing Rock Sioux，an Amefican Indian tribe，is determined to stop the 1，172-mile pipefine from being built.”和第四句话“Bom sides show no signs of back-ing down.”。
【答案详解】主旨题。题干问的是“下列哪项表达了本文的大意?”根据定位句句“ETP
公司期望在今年内完成输油管道建设”，第三句“立岩苏族决定要中止1172英里长的输油管道的修建”，第四句“双方都没有妥协的迹象”可知双方矛盾所在。A项“达科塔输油管道将为原油和天然气创造更多市场”;B项“达科塔输油管道将创造更多就业机会”;D项“美国印第安人为平等投票权而战”在文中均没有提及。故选C。
第2题 ETP hopes to finish this project in__________.
A.2016
B.2017
C.2018
D.2019
答案：A
解析：【定位】段第二句话“Energy Transfer Partners…hopes to finish construction mis year.”。
【答案详解】细节题。题干问的是“ETP公司希望在哪一年完成工程建设?”定位句指出“ETP公司期望在今年内完成输油管道建设”。由于今年是2016年，故选A。
第3题 Why do American Indians protest against the construction of this pipeline?
A.Because it will cost up to $ 3.8 billion.
B.Because it threatens the region' s water supply.
C.Because it will make many people lose their jobs.
D.Because it will force many people to leave their homes.
答案：B
解析：【定位】第二段第五句话“They also say the pipefine could pollute their main water source， the Missouri River.”。
【答案详解】细节题。题干问的是“为什么美国印第安人抗议反对输油管道的建设?”根据定位句“他们同时认为管道可能会污染当地的主要水源——密苏里河”可知，印第安人反对管道建设的一个原因是担心管道会污染水源。A项“因为工程耗资达38亿”，不是印第安人抗议的原因;C项“因为很多人会因此失业”和D项“这将迫使很多人离开家园”均未在文中提及，故选B。
第4题 According to the passage, the workers can__________ in case of pipeline leaks.
A.report it to the local government
B.ask people to leave the leak affected areas
C.call 911
D.close valves
答案：D
解析：【定位】第三段第二句话“Workers will also monitor it remotely，and will be able to close valves within three minutes if leaks are detected.”。
【答案详解】细节题。题干问的是“根据文章，出现管道泄漏时，工人可以如何应对?”定位句“工人们可以进行远程监控，如果发现有泄露，他们可以在3分钟之内关上阀门。”表明工人可以关闭阀门。A项“向当地政府汇报”;B项“让人们离开泄漏影响地区”;C项“打电话给911”，均未在文中提及。故选D。
第5题 According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A.This pipeline will cross four states.
B.This pipeline is 1,179. miles long.
C.All the protesters are from the Standing Rock Sioux.
D.Neither side of the dispute is willing to compromise.
答案：C
解析：【定位】段句话“If the Dakota Access Pipeline is completed，it will carry nearly half a million barrels of oil across four states every day.”;段第三句话“But the Standing Rock Sioux，an American Indian tribe，is determined to stop the 1，172-mile pipeline from be-ing built.”;第二段后一句话“Since then，thousands of people，including people from other American Indian tribes，have Raveled to the site to join the protest.”;段后一句话“Both sides show no signs of backing down.”。
【答案详解】综合分析题。题干问的是“根据文章，下列哪个表述不正确?”根据定位句分别得出四个选项：A项“如果达科塔输油管道完工，每天近50万桶原油将跨越四个州进行输送。”;B项“立岩苏族决定要中止1172英里长的输油管道的修建”;C项“此后，几千人，包括美国其他印第安部落的人们纷纷来到工地加入抗议大军。”;D项“双方都没有表示妥协的迹象。”。A、B、D三个选项均符合文中表述，只有C项不完全符合，故选C。
【高频词汇】
1.billionn.十亿 2.tribe n.部落 3.pipeline，n.管道
4.back down妥协;退让 5.set aside留出;保留 6.historical adj.历史的
7.1eak v.&n.泄漏8.nonviolent adj.非暴力的9.interfere v.干涉，妨碍
【难句解析】
(至)Energy Transfer Partners(ETP)，a Texas—based company behind the$3.8 billion project，hopes to finish construction this year.
本句是一个简单句。a Texas-based company behind the$3.8 billion project作为ETP公司的同位语，一方面说明了公司的背景，另一方面也表明了在管道工程中ETP所起的作用。
②The protest took a turn last week when police were called to ke印the peace between protest-ers and armed security guards hired by the company.
本句是一个时间状语从句，主句是The protest took a turn last week，从句是police were called to keep the peace between protesters and armed security guards hired by the company 。从句为被报考，主语是police。take a turn“转折”;call to“呼唤”;hire“雇佣”。
学位英语考试：2017年成人学位英语考试试题题型详解
学位英语报名：2017年成人学位英语考试报名时间/入口