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四、Reading Comprehension(60 points)
41、根据下列短文，回答41-60题。
　　The cars，trucks，and campers cause many problems．The cars make too much noise．People cannot hear each other talk．The best view of Yosemite Fails is from the parking lot．The new plan is to keep most ears out of the park．Some people come only for one day．They will have to leave their cars outside the park．They will have to ride buses into the park．Some people have reservations at hotels or campgrounds at Yosemite．They can bring in theirCars，but they will have to leave them in the parking lot．
　　The new plan will include removing some roads．It will include removing bridges over the fiver．It will include making new paths for hiking and biking．
　　Floods last year hurt in the park in many ways．Congress wants the people who Inn Yosemite to fix up the park．But Congress does not want Yosemite like it was before the floods．They want to be better．
Some people make arrengements at_______or campgrounds at Yosemite．
A．hotels
B．restaurants
C．parking lots
D．apartments near the park


42、 People______might not like the changes．
A．in Congress
B．who like driving
C．who like cycling
D．who like camping


43、 How might the park be different after the changes?
A．It will be more quiet．
B．There will be less people．
C．There will be no cars at all．
D．Everybody will have to talk around the park．


44、 Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A．Floods—Destroyed Park．
B．Changes in the Park．
C．Yosemite Car Ban．
D．No Cars．


45、根据下列短文，回答45-64题。
　　To understand the marketing concept，it is only necessary to understand the difference be—tween marketing and selling．Not too many years ago，most industries concentrated primarily onthe efficient production of goods，and then relied on“Persuasive salesmanship”to move asmuch of these goods as possible．Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the sellerto produce goods and then convert them into money．
　　Marketing，On the other hand，focuses on the wants of consumers．It begins with first analy zing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfythem．This eye on the consumer approach is known as the marketing concept，which sireplymeans that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or：buy for resale，the makersand dealers first try to.find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go aleIout making it ac-cording to consumer demand．
　　This concept does not imply that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a como pany．There are always two sides to every business activity-the finn and the customer-and，each must be satisfied before bade OCCURS．Successful merchants and producers，however，recog-nize that the surest route to profit is through understanding customers．This concept has been rec-ognized in such slogalls as“Have It Your Way．”And“You're the Boss．”A good example of theinlpoltaJlce of satisfying the consumer presented it self in mid一1985，when Coca Cola changed theflavor of its drink．The non-acceptahoe of the new flavor by a significant potion of the pubhebrought about a quick restoration of the Classic Coke，which Was then marketed alongside the newKing Customer ruled!
A good knowledge of the difference between marketing and selling leads to________.
A．the efficient production of goods
B．a perfect command of salesmanship
C．a basic command of the marketing concept
D．the conversion of goods into money


46、 Not too long ago，industries focused on________.
A．producing and selling goods
B．the needs and wants of customers
C．the selling of new products
D．moving goods to the market


47、 The very core of marketing lies in________.
A．all understanding of consumer needs
B．the efficient movement of goods
C．developing new wants for consumer goods
D．making goods readily available to customers


48、 A successful business deal can take place only when________.
A．priority is given to the requirements of the customer
B．the customer is satisfied at the expense of the company
C．a company makes a big profit
D．consumer satisfaction and company profit


49、根据下列短文，回答49-68题。
　　If women are mercilessly exploited(剥削)year after year，they are only themselves toblame．Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out offashion,thev are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores．Clothes whichhaye been wom only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.Whenyou come to think of it。only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe(衣柜)Dacked full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.
　　Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste．Many womenspend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn．Women whocannot afford to throw away clothing in this way，waste hours of their time altering the dresses　they have．Skirts are lengthened or shortened；necklines are lowered or raised，and so on．
　　No one can claim’that the fashion industry contributes anything realb important to society．Fashion desihners are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth，comfort and durability(耐用)．They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact thatwomen will put up with any amount of discomfort，as long as they look right．There can hardlybe a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thindress on a winter day，delicately picking her way through deep snow in high—heeled shoes.
　　When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion the conclusions—to be drawn areobvious．Do the constantly changing fashion of women’s clothes，one wonders，reflect basic quali-ties of inconstancv and instability?Men are too clever to let themselves be treated by fashion de-signers．Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stabilihy and feasibility?That's for you to decide．
Designers and big stores always make money_________.
A．bv mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry
B．because they are capable of predicting new fashions
C．by constantly changing the fashion in women’s clothing
D．because they attach great importance to quality in women’s clothing


50、 To the writer，the fact that women alter their old-fashion dress is seen as_________.
A．a waste of money
B．a waste of time
C．an exDression of taste
D．an expression of creativity