成考专升本英语复习辅导资料五
大纲要求
基数词及其用法;序数词的构成及其用法;分数词的构成;小数的用法。
一、基数词及其主要用法
表示数目的词称基数词。15 fifteen,几百几千不加s,242 two hundred and forty-two,5058 five thousand and fifty-eight,9,600,000 nine million six hundred thousand
1.基数词可以用于数字的计算。
6+8=14 Six plus eight is fourteen.
9-7=2 Nine minus seven is two.
7X5= 35 Seven times five is thirty-five.
8÷4=2 Eight divided by four is two.
2.基数词可以表示人的大致年龄和年代。
He died in his fifties.
This took place in 1990s/1990s.
The professor became successful in his thirties.
3.基数词可以用来表达年份、时间、电话号码。
1700 seventeen hundred
1814 eighteen fourteen
9:20 nine twenty
11:30 eleven thirty/ half past eleven
5:45 five forty-five/ a quarter to six
88760231 eight eight seven, six zero two, three one
4.基数词可以用于编号。
Number six, line 4, page 19, Bus(No.) 332, Platform (No.) 5, Room 101
5.基数词可以和其他词一起构成合成形容词,在句子中作定语。
A one-month-old baby can recognize its mother by smell.
This eleven-month-old baby can speak a few words.
(The baby is eleven months old.)
The teacher asked us to write a four-thousand-word essay as our homework.
(There are four thousand words in the essay.)
This four-paragraph essay is too difficult for me to understand.
(There are four paragraphs in this essay. )
二、序数词及其主要用法
表示顺序的词称为序数词。如first, second, third, fourth, ninth, twenty-first, forty-fifth等。
序数词可以用来表示日期和世纪。May the first / the first of May(5.1), August the eighth / the eighth of August(8.8), the twentieth century, the twenty-first century
序数词在句子中前面一般加the
The first of October is our National Day.
She was the third to arrive.
序数词在句子中前面加不定冠词,表示“再一”又一“。
Theyll have to do it a second time.
Shall I ask him a third time?
When he sat down , a fourth man rose to ask.
三、分数词的构成
分数的分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示,若分子大于1,分母需用复数。
two-thirds(2/3),one-third(1/3), nine-tenths (9/10), five-twelfths(5/12)。
特殊表达法有:one half (1/2),a quarter (1/4), three quarters (3/4) .