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成人高考辅导:英语语法重点难点(形容词)

2008年11月4日来源:233网校

  形容词的顺序:
  系动词be,grow,get,become,feel,appear,prove,seem,look,keep,smell,taste,sound,turn,remain限定词+数量形容词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国藉+材料
  Those three beautiful large square old brown wood table
  某些以a-开首的形容词例如:afraid,alike,alone,asleep,awake, alive 等只能作表语,不能作定语。
  某些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词:friendly,lively, lovely,lonely,likely,deadly,silly,orderly, timely等。
  1)close接近地     closely仔细地,密切地
  2)free 免费地       freely自由地,无拘束地
  3)hard努力地       hardly几乎不
  4)late 晚,迟       lately 近来
  5)most 极,非常     mostly主要地
  6)wide广阔地,充分地 widely广泛地
  7)high高        highly高度地,非常地
  8)deep深,迟     deeply抽象意义的“深”
  9)loud大声地       loudly大声地(含有喧闹的意思)
  10)near邻近       nearly几乎
  bad/ill,badly worse worst little less least
  表示一方不及另一方时,用“less+原级+than”的结构表示:This room is less beautiful than that one.
  表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时,可在比较级前加表示程度的状语,如:even,a lot,a bit,a little,still,much,far, yet, by far等修饰:He works even harder than before.
  注意:by far 通常用于强调。用于比较级时,一般放在比较级的后面, 如放在前面,应在二者中间加“the”。
  He is taller by far than his brother.
  He is by far the taller of the two brothers.
  某些以-or结尾的形容词进行比较时,用to代替than。superior,junior,senior等。
  He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics.
  在比较从句中为了避免重复通常用that(those),one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物,one既可指人,也可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词,而one只能代替可数名词。例如:
  The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.
  A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood.
  表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型:
  A is three (four,etc.) times the size (height, length, width,etc) of B.
  The new building is four times the size (the height) of the old one.
  这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。[高三倍]
  A is three (four, etc.) times as big (high, long, wide, etc.) as B.
  Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
  A is three (four,etc.) times bigger (higher, longer, wider) than B.
  例如:Your school is three times bigger than ours.
  你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。
  表示两倍可以用 twice 或 double。
  表示“程度”的形容词,如excellent,extreme,perfect等,没有,也不能用比较级。
  如果复数名词前有many、few,不可数名词前有much、little等表示量的形容词时,该用so而不用such。如:
  I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.
  Mr White got so little money a month that he could hardly keep body and soul together.
  但little不表示数量而表示“小”的意思时,仍用such。如:
  They are such little children that the they cannot clean the house by themselves.
  6)almost与nearly
  在very, pretty, not后用nearly, 不用almost。例如:
  I'm not nearly ready.
  在any, no, none, never前用almost, 不用nearly。例如:
  I almost never see her.
  如:
  I almost never see her.

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