The environment affects the way people interact. To examine this conclusion, two researchers "decorated" three rooms. One room was refurnished to look ugly. The second room was intended to look average. The third room was designed to be beautiful. Individuals were then asked to sit in one of the three rooms and rate several pictures of people's faces. The results indicated that the environment has a significant effect on the way people rated the faces. Subjects in the beautiful room gave the pictures higher rates than did subjects in the ugly room. In addition, subjects in the ugly room found the task more unpleasant and boring than did subjects in the beautiful room. Subjects assigned to the ugly room attempted to leave sooner than did subjects assigned to the beautiful room. Color is one environmental factor that can affect your mood and even your ability to concentrate. One researcher concluded that the most pleasant colors, listed in order of preference, were blue, green, purple, red and yellow. The colors listed from most to least arousing were red, orange, yellow, violet, blue and green.
Lighting also affects behavior. Elegant restaurants with dim lighting create a mood of intimacy (亲密) that encourages conversation. The bright lights of an office or a classroom, on the other hand, arouse and stimulate thinking.
Room decoration, color, lighting, and even music and temperature all influence communication with others; but there is no all-purpose environment. The ideal environment depends on the task that will be performed as well as on the needs and expectations of those present. The same environmental factors that encourage lively conversation and dancing at a New Year's Eve party cannot be expected to create a serene climate in which to study for final exams.
第44题单选 Paragraph 1 shows that subjects in the ugly room tend to be __.
A. less patient
B. less considerate
C. more enthusiastic
D. more confident
参考答案：A
参考解析：这是有关环境对人类心理影响的科学实验。第一段的后半截，被请到三个经过布置的房间里的受试者感觉非常不愉快，并且急于离开房间。
第45题单选 Which color is the most helpful for keeping a good mood?
A. Gree
B. Blu
C. Orang
D. Re
参考答案：B
参考解析：第二段。颜色会影响人们的注意力。从能使人愉悦因而保持注意力的角度，色彩从强到弱排列，第一位的就是蓝色。选项B是正确的。后面又说，最能令人振奋的颜色是红色，所以选项D是错的。
第46题单选 What effect can dim lights of an eating environment bring about?
A. Arousing active thinkin
B. Improving work efficienc
C. Creating a tense atmospher
D. Stimulating talks among peopl
参考答案：D
参考解析：第三段。灯光会影响人们的情绪。比较暗的灯光会增加人与人之间的亲密感。这也是为什么餐厅会采用比较暗的灯光。选项D是正确的。然而，要提高思考的效果还是明亮的灯光。选项A是错的。
第47题单选 The underlined word "serene" in the last sentence is closed in meaning to __
A. serious and grave
B. calm and peaceful
C. pleasant and friendly
D. cold and indifferent
参考答案：B
参考解析：第四段。总结。根据不同的目的设计不同的环境。为新年晚会设计的场所肯定不适合期末考试的复习。可以想象，期末考试需要的是能够让人安静、平和的场所。
There is nothing more possible than a new hip or knee that can put the spring back in your step. Patients receiving joint implants (移植) often are able to resume many of the physical activities they love, even those as vigorous as tennis and hiking. No wonder, then, that joint replacement is growing in popularity.
In the United States in 2007, surgeons performed about 806,000 hip and knee implants (the joints most commonly replaced), double the number of performed a decade earlier. Though these procedures have become routine, they are not failure free.
"Implants must sometimes be replaced," said Dr. Henrik Malchau, an orthopedic surgeon (矫正外科医生) at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. A study published in 2007 found that 7 percent of hips implanted in Medicare patients had to be replaced within seven and a half years.
"The percentage may sound low, but the finding suggests that thousands of hip patients eventually require a second operation," said Dr. Malchau. Those patients must endure additional recoveries, often painful, and increased medical expenses.
The failure rate should be lower, many experts agree. Sweden, for instance, has a failure rate estimated to be a third of that in the United States. Sweden also has a national joint replacement registry, a database of information from which surgeons can learn how and why certain procedures go wrong. A registry also helps surgeons learn quickly whether a specific type of implant is particularly problematic. "Even country that has developed a registry has been able to reduce failure rates significantly," said Dr. Daniel Berry, chief of orthopedic surgery at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn.
A newly formed American Joint Replacement Registry will begin gathering data from hospitals in the next 12 to 18 months. It's good news for those who are considering replacing a knee or hip.
第48题单选 What is the problem with hip or knee replacement in the U.S.?
A. A lot of patients need a second operatio
B. Doctors are not well trained to ensure successful operatio
C. Demands for hip replacement exceed the number of surgeon
D. Replacement operation is becoming too expensive in hospital
参考答案：A
参考解析：这是有关美国医学膝盖和髋骨移植的问题。第四段。数以千计的髋骨移植病人需 要做第二次手术，这增加了病人的痛苦和费用。选项A是正确的。选项B和C文中没有提及。选项D是错的，文中并未说手术本身涨价，而是说二次手术使病人多付一次手术的费用。
第49题单选 Why does Sweden have a lower rate of hip implant failure?
A. Because Sweden has more advanced technolog
B. Because Sweden has a patient data collecting syste
C. Because Sweden has a much larger number of patient
D. Because Swedish doctors are more responsible and skillfu
参考答案：B
第50题单选 People who need a new knee or hip would possibly feel __ about data gathering in the U.S.
A. indifferent
B. assured
C. puzzled
D. hopeful
参考答案：C
参考解析：第五、六段。第五段的后半截说，凡是建立了数据库的国家都会降低手术的失败率。第六段说，美国新近成立了一个“关节更替资料室”。选项C是正确的。选项A和D文中没有提及。选项B，在12～18个月内跟踪每一例手术的目的是建立数据库，并不能直接降低失败率。因此，选项B是错的。
第51题单选 People who need a new knee or hip would possibly feel __ about data gathering in the U.S.
A. indifferent
B. assured
C. puzzled
D. hopeful
参考答案：D
参考解析：最后一段。因为建立了数据库，所以对正在考虑换膝盖或髋骨的人来说是好消息，是有希望的。indifferent意为“漠不关心的”;assured意为“肯定的”;puzzled意为“困惑的”;hopeful意为“有希望的”。
2017成考：2017成人高考新手指南 成人高考报名条件 成人高考考试时间
