2020 年英语（二）考研真题
Section I
Use of English
Directions：Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
Being a good parents is of course, what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very_____(1),particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than_____(2), a younger sibling.
_____(3),There's another sort of parent that s a bit easier to_____(4)a patient parent. Children of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still, _____(5)every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy _____(6).
Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a _____(7) and composed style with their kids. I understand this.
You're only human, and sometimes your kids can _____(8) you just a little too far. And then the _____(9)happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too_____(10) and does nobody any good. You
wish that you could _____(11) the clock and start over, we've all been there.
_____(12), even though it's common, it's important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue. you can say something to your child that you may _____(13)for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with. your child but also _____(14)your child's self-esteem.
If you consistently lose your _____(15)with your kids. then you are inadvertently modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the _____(16)of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when _____(17)by stress is one of the most important of all life's skills.
Certainly, it's incredibly _____(18)to maintain patience at all times with your children. A more practical goal is to try to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with _____(19)situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal. you and your children will benefit and _____(20)from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.
1. A tedious B pleasant C instructive D tricky
2. A in addition B for example C at once D by accident
3. A fortunately B occasionally C accordingly D eventually
4. A amuse B assist C describe D train
5. A while B because C unless D once
6. A answer B task C choice D access
7. A tolerant B formal C rigid D critical
8. A move B drag C push D send
9. A mysterious B illogical C suspicious D inevitable
10. A boring B naive C harsh D vague
11. A turn back B take apart C set aside D cover up
12. A overall B instead C however D otherwise
13. A like B miss C believe D regret
14. A raise B affect C justify D reflect
15. A time B bond C race D cool
16. A nature B secret C importance D context
17. A cheated B defeated C confused D confronted
18. A terrible B hard C strange D wrong
19. A trying B changing C exciting D surprising
20. A hide B emerge C withdraw D escape
Section Ⅱ
Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)
Text 1
Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Loleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.
They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat- one social and one asocial for 5 our days. The robots rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.
During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side
Next, the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.
Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being. They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn.
The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We' d assumed we' d have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that wasn’t necessary, ”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who helped with the research.
The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings, even when they display only simple social signals.“ We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.
21. Quin and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can________
[A] pick up social signals from non-living rats
[B] distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one
[C] attain sociable traits through special training
[D] send out warning messages to their fellow
22. What did the social robot do during the experiment?
[A] It followed the social robot.
[B] It played with some toys.
[C] It set the trapped rats free.
[D] It moved around alone.
23. According to Quinn, the rats released the social robot because they________
[A] tried to practice a means of escape
[B] expected it to do the same in return
[C] wanted to display their intelligence
[D] considered that an interesting game
24. James Wiles notes that rats________
[A] can remember other rat's facial features
[B] differentiate smells better than sizes
[C] respond more to cations than to looks
[D] can be scared by a plastic box on wheels
25. It can be learned from the text that rats________
[A] appear to be adaptable to new surroundings
[B] are more socially active than other animals
[C] behave differently from children in socializing
[D] are more sensitive to social cues than expected
