2018 年考研英语二真题
Section I
Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to___1___ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will ___2 ___to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will ___3___.
In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to ___4___ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one ___5___, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would ___6___ an electric shock when clicked.
Twenty-seven students were told which pens were rigged; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. ___7___ left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more jolts than the students who knew what would ___8___. Subsequent experiments replicated this effect with other stimuli, ___9___ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.
The drive to ___10___ is deeply ingrained in humans, much the same as the basic drives ___11___ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago, a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can ____12 ___ new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such___13____ can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do ____14____ things is a profound one.
Unhealthy curiosity is possible to ___15___, however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to ___16___ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to ___17____ to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the ___18_ _ of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine___ 19____ it is worth the endeavor. “Thinking about long-term ___20___ is key to mitigating the possible negative effects of curiosity,” Hsee says. In other words, don't read online comments.
1. A．Ignore B．protect C．discuss D．resolve
2. A．refuse B．seek C．wait D．regret
3. A．rise B．last C．hurt D．mislead
4. A．alert B．expose C．tie D．treat
5. A．trial B．message C．review D．concept
6. A．remove B．deliver C．weaken D．interrupt
7. A．Unless B．If C．When D．Though
8. A．change B．continue C．disappear D．happen
9. A．such as B．rather than C．regardless of D．owing to
10. A．disagree B．forgive C．discover D．forget
11. A．pay B．food C．marriage D．schooling
12. A．begin with B．rest on C．lead to D．learn from
13. A．inquiry B．withdrawal C．persistence D．diligence
14. A．self-deceptive B．self-reliant C．self-evident D．self-destructive
15. A．trace B．define C．replace D．resist
16. A．conceal B．overlook C．design D．predict
17. A．choose B．remember C．promise D．pretend
18. A．relief B．outcome C．plan D．duty
19. A．how B．why C．where D．whether
20. A．limitations B．investments C．consequences D．strategies
【参考答案】
1~10 CABAD ABCDB
11~20 ABDCC CDACB
Section Ⅱ
Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing [A],[B],[C] or[ D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET (40 points)
Text 1
It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.
Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and rote memorization, but practical, reports staff writer Stacy Teicher Khadaroo in this week’s cover story. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly bamboozled by a busted bike chain?
As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.
But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype ... that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,” he says.
On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new mantra. We want more for our kids, and rightfully so.
But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all – and the subtle devaluing of anything less – misses an important point: That’s not the only thing the American economy needs. Yes, abachelor's degree opens moredoors. But even now, 54 percentof the jobs in the country aremiddle-skill job, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.
In other words, at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren't equipped to do them Koziatek's Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.
Koziatek's school is wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation's diversity of gifts.
21. A broken bike chain is mentioned to show student's lack of .
A. academic training
B. practical ability
C. pioneering spirit
D. mechanical memorizetion
22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who .
A. have a stereotyped mind
B. have no career motivation
C. are financially disadvantaged
D. are not academically successful
23. We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates .
A. used to have more job opportunities
B. used to have big financial concerns
C. are entitled to more educational privileges
D. are reluctant to work in manufacturing
24. The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all .
A. helps create a lot of middle-class jobs
B. may narrow the gap in working-class jobs
C. indicates the overvaluing of higher education
D. is expected to yield a better-trained wirkforce
25. The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as .
A. tolerant
B. cautious
C. supportive
D. disappointed
【参考答案】ACBDA
