Passage 1
Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made.
Although we were brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, 1 had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.
Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal-clear memory of dogs, the farm animals, the local birds and above all, the insects.
I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil,reading about other people's observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle, because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the title of scientific research.
But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist; one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-disciphne, a quality I lack. A scientist can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.
21. According to the author, a born naturalist should first of all be__________.
A. full of ambition
B. self-disciplined
C. full of enthusiasm
D. knowledgeable
22. The first paragraph tells us that the author__________.
A. lost his hearing when he was a child
B. didn't like his brothers and sisters
C. was born to a naturalist's family
D. was interested in flowers and insects in his childhood
23. The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he__________.
A. just rends about other people's observations and discoveries
B. comes up with solution in most natural ways
C. has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmetic
D. lacks some of the qualities required of scientist
24. The author can't remember his relatives clearly because __________.
A. he didn't live very long with them
B. he was fully occupied with observing nature
C. the family was extremely larger
D. he was too young when he lived with them
25. Which of the following statements is true?
A. The author believes that a born naturalist can not be a scientist.
B. The author read a lot of books about the natural world and oil industry.
C. The author's brothers and sisters were good at music and languages.
D. The author spend a lot of time working on riddles.
请阅读Passage 2，完成第26～30小题。
Passage 2
Move over Methuselah. Future generations could be living well into their second century and still doing Sudoku, if life expectancy predictions are true. Increasing by two years every decade.
they show no signs of flattening out. Average lifespan worldwide is already double what it was 200years ago. Since the 1980s, experts thought the increase in life expectancy would slow down andthen stop, but forecasters have repeatedly been proved wrong.
The reason behind the steady rise in life expectancy is"the decline in the death rate of the elderly", says Professor Tom Kirkwood from Newcastle University. He maintains that our bodies are evolving to maintain and repair themselves better and our genes are in~esting in this process to put off the damage which will eventually lead to death. As a result, there is no ceiling imposed by the realities of the ageing process."There is no use-by-date when we age. Ageing is not a fixed biological process," Tom says.
A large study of people aged 85 and over carried out by Professor Kirkwood discovered that there were a remarkable number of people enjoying good health and independence in their late 80s and beyond. With people reaching old age in better shape, it is safe to assume that this is all due to better eating habits, living conditions, education and medicine.
There are still many people who suffer from major health problems, but modern medicine means doctors are better at managing long-term health conditions like diabetes,high blood pressure and heart disease. "We are reaching old age with less accumulative damage than previousgenerations.Wearelessdamaged,"saysProfessor
Kirkwood.Oursofterlivesandtheimprovements in nutrition and healthcare have had a direct impact on longevity.
Nearly one-in-five people currently in the UK will live to see their 100th birthday, the Office for National Statistics predicted last year. Life expectancy at birth has continued to increase in the UK--from 73.4 years for the period 1991 to 1993 to 77.85 years for 2007 to 2009. A report in Science from 2002 which looked at life expectancy patterns in different countries since 1840 concluded that there was no sign of a natural limit to life.
Researchers Jim Oeppen and Dr. James Vaupel found that people in the country with the highest life expectancy would live to an average age of 100 in about six decades. But they stopped short of predicting anything more.
"This is far from eternity: modest annual increments in life expectancy will never lead to immortality," the researchers said.
We do not seem to be approaching anything like the limits of life expectancy, says Professor David Leon from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. "There has been no flattening out of the best of the best--the groups which everyone knows have good life expectancy and low mortality, "he says.
These groups, which tend to be in the higher social and economic groups in society, can live for several years longer than people in lower social groups, prompting calls for an end to inequalities within societies.
Within populations, genes also have an important role to play in determining how long we could survive for--but environment is still the most important factor.
It is no surprise that healthy-living societies like Japan have the highest life expectancies in the world. But it would still be incredible to think that life expectancy could go on rising forever. "I would bet there will be further increases in life expectancy and then it will probably begin to slow," says Tom, "but we just don't know."
26. The purpose of the prediction saying that future generations could be doing Sudoku when they are over 100 is to__________.
A. report that doing Sudoku is a healthy living style
B. prove that doing Sudoku helps people move to Methuselah
C. predict that future generations will like Sudoku since it is very popular now
D. indicate that future generations could remain smart and energetic even if they are over 100
27. The underlined phrase "this process" in Paragraph 2 refers to__________process.
A. the ageing
B. the body-evolving
C. the genes-repairing
D. the body's putting-off-damage
28. Based on recent studies made by various scholars, which of the following factors plays a fundamental role in man's longevity?
A. Genes
B. Eating habits
C. Environment
D. Medical condition
29. The underlined phrase"low mortality" in Paragraph 8 could best be replaced by “__________”。
A. short life span
B. low death rate
C. low illness rate
D. good health condition
30. Which statement below is TRUE concerning life expectancy according to the passage?
A. Life expectancy goes on rising forever.
B. There could be further increases in life expectancy.
C. Life expectancy has slowed down since 1980s and it will stop.
D. Life expectancy in Japan doubles what it was 200 years ago.
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