2017年6月大学英语四级考试阅读答案卷一完整版
2017年6月英语四级阅读部分答案 考后看讲师解析对答案＞ 在线真题模拟>>
阅读部分答案
选词填空部分答案
26.O vigorous
27.I phenomenon
28.E effectively
29.G involved
30.M solution
31.D cycling
32.C control
33. J preventing
34. N sufficient
35. F increased
【原文】
As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your eyes. Fear not, however, for coffee can perk them right up again. During vigorous exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products. Muscle performance can also be affected by a phenomenon called “central fatigue,” in which an imbalance in the body’s chemical messengers prevents the central nervous system from directing muscle movements effectively. It was not known, however, whether central fatigue might also affect motor systems not directly involved in the exercise itself—such as those that move the eyes. To find out, researchers gave 11 volunteers a carbohydrate solution either with a moderate dose of caffeine—which is known to stimulate the central nervous system—or as a placebo without, during 3 hours of cycling. After exercising, the scientists tested the cyclists with eye-tracking cameras to see how well their brains could still control their visual system. The team found that exercise reduced the speed of rapid eye movements by about 8%, preventing their ability to capture new visual information. The caffeine—the equivalent of two strong cups of coffee—was sufficient to counteract this effect, with some cyclists even displaying increased eye movement speeds, the team reports today in Scientific Reports. So it might be a good idea to get someone else to drive you home after that marathon.
【答案解析】
26. 本题是在文中的第三句话中出现，根据该句的语法结构，发现26题所在处的单词词性应为形容词，修饰exercise，联系上文中提到“锻炼可以消耗身体中的肌肉”，由此得知本句的意思为经过大量锻炼后，我们的肌肉变得疲惫，因此此处应填入“vigorous”表示“剧烈的运动”。
27. 本题是在a和called “central fatigue”中间出现，根据语法结构，可以得出此处应填入的单词词性为名词，后面的called “central fatigue”做后置定语修饰限定前面的名词，然后根据本句意思“肌肉的表现也会被一种称之为“中枢疲劳”的_____所影响”;根据所给出的全部名词，选出正确答案为I phenomenon现象一词。
28. 本题位于句子后，根据语法结构可以判断出本题要填入的词汇的词性为副词，因此根据该句意思“人体内化学信使的失调会使中枢神经系统无法______指导肌肉运动”，此处应填入的副词为E effectively 有效地。
29. 本题位于名词motor system(运动系统)之后，且空格前有directly副词的修饰，由此确定该处单词的词性应为动词，但由于本句已有谓语动词affect，因此此处应填入非谓语动词，限定修饰前面的名词motor system;根据文中意思，可以确定此处的单词应为G involved 参与，即“不直接参与锻炼的运动系统--例如眼部运动”。
30. 本题前面有不定冠词a，由此判断此处应为名词，根据后面“either with a moderate dose(适度剂量) of caffeine”可以得知此处应该是研究人员给11位志愿者一种溶液。因此，本题应选M solution。
31. 本题应结合下文进行分析，首先根据题目所在位置可判断此处的词性为名词类词汇(包括动名词);下文中提到科学家测试骑自行车的人(cyclist)，由此可得知前面应该是这些人所做的运动应为骑自行车，因此，本题选择D cycling (骑自行车)。
32. 本题所在部分的意思为“大脑如何_____视觉系统”，此处需要填入的单词词性为动词，根据常识，可以得知大脑控制视觉系统，因此此处选择C control (控制)。
33. 根据语法结构可得出本题所在部分为句子的状语成分，因此需要填入的单词词性为非谓语动词，根据文章逻辑，得出“锻炼使快速眼动速度降低8%左右，_____他们捕捉新的视觉信息的能力”，此处应为降低/组织捕捉新的视觉信息的能力，因此此处选择J preventing(阻止)。
34. 本题考查词组搭配be ______ to，根据文章的逻辑，上文第二句话中提到“不用害怕，咖啡可以使眼睛快速恢复”，由此，可以推出此句的意思为“咖啡因足够消除这种影响，一些骑自行车的志愿者甚至眼动速度增加。”因此，此题选择 N sufficient (足够的;充分的)。
35. 根据上题的分析，可以快速选出此题的答案为 F increased(增加)。
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段落信息匹配
36 [H] 题干：Successful team leaders know exactly where the team should go and are able to take promptaction.
37 [D] 题干：Decentralisation of authority was also found to be more effective in military operations.
38 [B] 题干：In many companies,the conventional form of organisation is giving way to a network of teams.
39 [J] 题干：Members of poorly managed teams are easily distracted from their work.
40 [G] 题干：Teamwork is most effective when team members share the same culture.
41 [A] 题干：According to a report by Deloitte,teamwork is becoming increasingly popular among companies.
42 [F] 题干：Some team members find it hard to agree on questions like membership and the team's purpose.
43 [E] 题干：Some scholars think teamwork may not always be reliable,despite its potential to work wonders.
44 [I] 题干：To ensure employee's commitment,it is advisable to give them more flexibility as to where and how they work.
45 [C] 题干： Product transitions take much less time now than in the past.
仔细阅读1
46 D Britons have developed the habit of saving.
47 B It will remain gloomy.
48 C Luxurious features add much to the price.
49 A They are particular about the quality of toilet paper.
50 D Environmental protection is not much of a concern when Britons buy toilet paper.
仔细阅读2
51 B She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptly.
52 D They were offered nicotine replacements.
53 C It is encouraging.
54 B needs some practice first.
55 A They find it even more difficult.
51. 根据题干中专有名词Lindson-Hawley回文快速定位到文章中的段，根据段的信息可得出Lindson-Hawley的母亲曾经是一位吸烟者，第二段中她发现她的母亲有效地戒烟了，而且戒地很突然、很彻底。根据第二段中的信息点，可以得出本题的正确选项应为B She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptly. (她突然成功戒掉了烟瘾。)A、C、D选项在文中都没有提及，属于无中生有选项。
52. 本题问的是“在Lindson-Hawley的研究中，吸烟者在戒烟的过程中得到了哪些帮助?”，本题解题根据题文一致原则，可顺序定位至第三段第四、五句话，提到两组志愿者在戒烟前除了使用nicotine replacement(尼古丁替代疗法)之外，还使用nicotine patches尼古丁贴片(一种戒烟贴)。他们还在戒烟前后接受护士的talk therapy(谈话治疗)。结合定位信息及四个选项的意思，可以确定选项D They were offered nicotine replacements.为本题的正确答案。
53. 根据题干中专有名词Dr. Gabriela Ferreira回文定位该题至文中第五段后半部分Dr. Gabriela Ferreira的引语部分，其中她提到“It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it.”根据这句话结合四个选项的意思，可以确定选项C It is encouraging.为原文的同义替换。
54. 根据题干定位至第五段第2行，根据上下文，可确定本题在文中的定位信息处为“And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, ‘well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice’.”由此可以得知这些人的观点是逐步戒烟首先需要一些练习，该题四个选项中B needs some practice first.为文中信息的同义替换。A、C、D选项在文中都没有提及，属于无中生有选项。
55. 根据题干信息“quit smoking gradually”，定位至文中第五段“But that wasn’t the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day.”根据原文的定位信息可得知逐步戒烟有可能会更能使人上瘾甚至出现戒断症状。结合四个选项可以确定A They find it even more difficult.为正确选项。
仔细阅读1
46 D Britons have developed the habit of saving.
47 B It will remain gloomy.
48 C Luxurious features add much to the price.
49 A They are particular about the quality of toilet paper.
50 D Environmental protection is not much of a concern when Britons buy toilet paper.
仔细阅读2
51 B She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptly.
52 D They were offered nicotine replacements.
53 C It is encouraging.
54 B needs some practice first.
55 A They find it even more difficult.
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