2012年12月英语四六级写作技巧之规范使用标点
其他几种标点的用法
冒号,破折号,分号及括号的使用与写作风格关系紧密,因此本章主要介绍它们的用法。本章很少涉及其它标点:如逗号,句号,连字符。下面,笔者对它们的用法以问答形式略谈一二:
问:如果连续使用两个形容词,可用逗号分开它们吗?
答:在"Singapore is a clean, friendly city state"一句中,逗号代替了"and"。 连续两个形容词同时修饰一个名词时,可用逗号把它们隔开。但当其中一个形容词修饰另一形容词时,不需要用逗号隔开它们:
On my way back home, I stared at the pale blue sky.
问:何时用连字符连接单词?
答:1. 参见字典;
2. 参考the goal of preventing misreading 一书。
3. 连字符常用于连接比较常用的复合词,使之成为一词。
采用连字符连接的两个词,意思可一目了然。例如,没用连字符的合成词light year,字面意思是一年比另一年不重要;加上连字符,我们就很清楚light-year是光年的意思。
通常,我们在处理名词前两个或多个词的组合时,可用连字符。
例:know-how
ready-to-wear
faster-than-expected production
life-form
state-of-the-art technology
medium-range missiles
当这一群词用作形容词时,仅对它们所修饰的名词之前的词使用连字符。
It was a fast-paced city life.
即City life is fast paced.
Bring me the up-to-date report.
即Bring me up to date.
还有,以"-ly"结尾的副词不用连字符。
Wrong: We do not work with financially-unstable organizations.
Correct: We do not work with financially unstable organizations.
Wrong: We are required to attend all regularly-scheduled meetings.
Correct: We are required to attend all regularly scheduled meetings.
问:你赞成省略缩略语的中间或末尾的句点吗?
答:这是一个关于写作风格和品味的问题,有些编者对缩略语用句点;有些则不用。用与不用取决于你。我的建议是,一旦你决定采用哪种方式,就不宜改变。
专有名词中的句点应该保留。
姓名之间的圆点应予保留
问:什么叫不分段句?
答:两个完整的句子间仅用逗号,或不用任何其它标点,这两个句子叫做不分段句。
例:
The air conditioner is broken, we must have it repaired as soon as possible.
How to rid of run-on? Here are a few approaches:
有如下几种方法可消除不分段句 。
The air conditioner is broken and has to be repaired as soon as possible.
(使用连词"and")
The air conditioner is broken; it has to be repaired as soon as possible.
(用分号隔开这两个句子)
The air conditioner is broken. We must have it repaired as soon as possible.
(用句号隔开这两个句子)
冒号,破折号,分号及括号的使用与写作风格关系紧密,因此本章主要介绍它们的用法。本章很少涉及其它标点:如逗号,句号,连字符。下面,笔者对它们的用法以问答形式略谈一二:
问:如果连续使用两个形容词,可用逗号分开它们吗?
答:在"Singapore is a clean, friendly city state"一句中,逗号代替了"and"。 连续两个形容词同时修饰一个名词时,可用逗号把它们隔开。但当其中一个形容词修饰另一形容词时,不需要用逗号隔开它们:
On my way back home, I stared at the pale blue sky.
问:何时用连字符连接单词?
答:1. 参见字典;
2. 参考the goal of preventing misreading 一书。
3. 连字符常用于连接比较常用的复合词,使之成为一词。
air craft |
air-craft |
aircraft |
type setting |
type-setting |
typesetting |
screen play |
screen-play |
screenplay |
data base |
data-base |
database |
通常,我们在处理名词前两个或多个词的组合时,可用连字符。
例:know-how
ready-to-wear
faster-than-expected production
life-form
state-of-the-art technology
medium-range missiles
当这一群词用作形容词时,仅对它们所修饰的名词之前的词使用连字符。
It was a fast-paced city life.
即City life is fast paced.
Bring me the up-to-date report.
即Bring me up to date.
还有,以"-ly"结尾的副词不用连字符。
Wrong: We do not work with financially-unstable organizations.
Correct: We do not work with financially unstable organizations.
Wrong: We are required to attend all regularly-scheduled meetings.
Correct: We are required to attend all regularly scheduled meetings.
问:你赞成省略缩略语的中间或末尾的句点吗?
答:这是一个关于写作风格和品味的问题,有些编者对缩略语用句点;有些则不用。用与不用取决于你。我的建议是,一旦你决定采用哪种方式,就不宜改变。
专有名词中的句点应该保留。
Correct(正) |
Also correct(正确) |
U.S.A. |
USA |
10 p.m. |
10 pm |
R.S.V.P. |
RSVP |
U.F.O. |
UFO |
Correct |
Not Correct |
J. F. Kennedy |
J F Kennedy |
答:两个完整的句子间仅用逗号,或不用任何其它标点,这两个句子叫做不分段句。
例:
The air conditioner is broken, we must have it repaired as soon as possible.
How to rid of run-on? Here are a few approaches:
有如下几种方法可消除不分段句 。
The air conditioner is broken and has to be repaired as soon as possible.
(使用连词"and")
The air conditioner is broken; it has to be repaired as soon as possible.
(用分号隔开这两个句子)
The air conditioner is broken. We must have it repaired as soon as possible.
(用句号隔开这两个句子)
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2012年12月英语四六级写作技巧汇总