Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)
22、Questions 22-27are based on the following passage.
　　A father's relationship to his child's current and future academic success and the level of his or her development in academic potential and scholastic achievement are both factors with some rather interesting implications that educators are beginning to study and appraise. As a matter of fact, "life with father" has been discovered to be a very important factor in determining a child's progress or lack of progress in school.
　　A recent survey of over 16,000 children made by the National Child Development Study in Lon- don revealed that children whose fathers came to school conferences and accompanied their children on outing did measurably better in school than those children whose fathers were not involved in those activities. The study, which monitored children born during a week in March, 1992, from the time of their birth through the years of their early schooling, further revealed that the children of actively-involved fathers scored much higher in reading and math than those children whose only-involved parent was the mother. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role played by father in the raising of a child. It indicated a much higher level of parental involvement by the father than had been anticipated. Over 66% of the fathers were said to have played a major role in parental responsibility.
　　The study also suggested that the greatest level of paternal parenting took place in the families of only child. As the number of children and financial obligations increases, the father's apparent interest and involvement with the children decreased. However, no matter what the size or financial condition of the family, a father's active participation in the child's development made a definite difference in the child's progress.
　　The study further revealed that while the frequency of overnight absences reflected a corresponding deficiency(缺陷)of the child's level in math and reading, a father's employment on night shifts appeared to have little effect on the child's academic progress. The data from the study was obtained primarily through interviews from parents, teachers and physicians. The information evaluating the level of the fathers' parenting performance was elicited(探出)primarily from the admittedly subjective observations of their wives.
The main discovery made in the study was that___________
A．children in large families tend to do poorly in school
B．a father's influence played a significant factor in the level of the child's academic progress
C．mothers were subjective in evaluating the roles played by fathers
D．there is a correlation between socioeconomic status and scholastic achievement
23、The data accumulated was obtained through_________
A．observation by social psychologists
B．conversations with mothers of the children
C．interviews, school records and physicians' reports
D．observations of fathers with their children
24、All of the children studied_______
A．attended the same school
B．were in the same socioeconomic class
C．were at the same age
D．knew each other
25、According to the passage, children who tended to generally progress academically were________
A．those whose mothers gave them the most affection
B．those whose fathers worked the night shift
C．those who had no brothers or sisters
D．from one-parent families
26、Evidence indicated that a high percentage of fathers were involved in the parenting process which amounted to______
A．about two-thirds of the fathers involved in the study
B．slightly less than half of the fathers studied
C．more than three-quarters Of all the fathers
D．a little less than one hundred percent of all fathers
27、Questions27-32are based on the following passage.
　　Going online is a favorite recreation for millions of American children. Almost 10 million ( 14 percent) of America's 69 million children are online. The Internet both entertains and educates children, however, there are some possible negative consequences for children who access kid-based Web sites. Advertising on kid-based Web sites has become both a rapidly growing market for consumer companies and a concern for parents. With a click on an icon, children can link to advertisers and be granted tremendous spending power. 　　Children are an important target group for consumer companies. Children under age 12 spent $14 billion, teenagers another $ 67 billion, and together they influenced $160 billion of their parents' incomes.
　　Many critics question the appropriateness of targeting children in Internet advertising and press to require that children be treated as a "special case" by advertisers. Because children lack the analytical abilities and judgment of adults, they may be unable to evaluate the accuracy of information they view, or understand that the information they provide to advertisers is really just data collected by an advertiser. Children generally lack the ability to reject the release of personal information to an advertiser, an even greater problem for children when they are offered incentives(刺激) for pro- viding personal information, or when personal information is required before they are allowed to register for various services. Children may not realize that in many cases these characters provide hot links directly to advertising sites.
　　The Internet does present some challenges for advertisers who want to be ethical in their marketing practices. Many advertisers argue that we underestimate(低估) the levels of media awareness shown by children. By the age of seven or eight most children can recognize an advertisement and know that its purpose is to sell something and are able to make judgments about the products shown in advertisements. However, this somewhat optimistic and decidedly libertarian view of children runs aground when we realize that they are ( like a surprising number of adults) unable to judge accurately between entertainment and advertising. Adults can fend for themselves but, as marketers, we should be explicit (明确的) about our purpose when advertising to children on the Interact.
According to the first paragraph, children as an Internet market___________
A．are becoming increasingly rational
B．are using Internet at an earlier and earlier age
C．have created a growing advertising market
D．are overtaking the adult market due to their spending power
28、Targeting children for advertising is controversial because children___________
A．are unable to analyze and judge advertisements
B．are unable to cooperate since they are too young
C．often give off information tha may be dangerous to them
D．are not ready to evaluate advertisements or information requests
29、Many advertisers defend the targeting of children because_________
A．no actual sales take place
B．it is up to parents to monitor their children
C．children understand what an advertisement is trying to do
D．children are provided a game in return for the information
30、One reason why children are unable to resist giving personal information on the Internet is that___________
A．they feel they must follow an adult's orders
B．advertisement is presented in connection with entertainment
C．they do not know that the information is going to be read by someone
D．due to their inability to distinguish an advertisement from a non-advertisement
31、In the passage the author wants the marketers to understand that__________
A．advertising to children must stop
B．a libertarian view in advertising is unethical
C．advertising to children must have a clear purpose
D．children must be treated differently when advertising