Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)
22、Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
　　Passage One
　　Questions 22-27are based on the following passage.
　　Cheating is nothing new. But today, education and administrations are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent -- and are less likely to be punished -- than in the past. Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike.
　　Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows. Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today's youth. Others have attributed increased cheating to the fact that today's youth are far more pragmatic (实际的) than their idealistic predecessors. Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies, students were filled with visions about changing the world, today's students feel great pressure to conform and succeed. In interviews with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had become easy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty. "People are competitive," said a second-year college student
　　named Anna, from Chicago. "There's an underlying fear. If you don't do well, your life is going to be mined. The pressure is not only from parents and friends but from yourself. To achieve. To succeed. It's almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals. "
　　Edward Wynne, editor of a magazine blames the rise in academic dishonesty in the schools.He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action. Dwight Huber,chairman of the English Department at Amarillo sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students evaluated. 'I would cheat if I felt I was being cheated," Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers give short-answer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can synthesize in-formation, students will try to beat the system. "The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individuals who's doing it," he said, "That's too easy an answer. We've got to start looking at the system.
Educators are finding that students who cheat______.
A．have poor academic recordsl
B．use the information in late years
C．can be academically weak or strong
D．are more likely to be punished than before
23、According to the passage, which of the following statement is true?
A．A change in the educational system will eliminate the need to chea
B．The problem of student cheating has its roots in deeper problem
C．Students do not cheat on essay test
D．Punishment is an effective method of stopping cheatin
24、Which of the following statements reflects the information in the passage?
A．The educational system and its administrators are partly to blame for the rise in the cheatin
B．The student who cheats must be at fault because the system is correc
C．The 1960s vision of changing the world led students to confor
D．Punishment for cheaters has always been severe in this countr
25、The phrase "the individuals" in Line 9, Para. 3 refers to_____________
A．students who practice cheating
B．parents who put pressure on their children
C．school administrators who approve of short-answer tests
D．teachers who are too hesitant to take actions against cheating
26、The author probably would agree with the point of view that_____________
A．students who cheat should be expelled from school
B．parents alone must take responsibility for the rise in student cheating
C．the educational system is sound, and students must follow every rule
D．the educational system in this country would benefit from a thorough evaluation
27、Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A , B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 27-32are based on the following passage.
　　The word conservation has a thrifty meaning. To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were "limitless" and "inexhaustible". Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in living body, an un- healthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.
　　Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new idea; timber was still cheap because it c6uld be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands; soil destruction and fiver floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-term climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the Word "conservation" had nothing of the meaning that it has of us today.
　　For the sake of ourselves and-those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyone's daily life. To know about the water table in the ground is just as important to us as a knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all watersheds (流域) need the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living space for most of man's fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only. in square measure of surface but also in cubic volume above the earth. In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.
According to the author, the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that_________
A．they had no idea of scientific forestry
B．they were not aware of the significance of .nature study
C．they had little or no sense of environmental protection
D．they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials
28、It can be inferred from the third paragraph that earlier generation didn't realize___________
A．the importance of the proper use of land
B．the interdependence of water, soil, and living things
C．the value of the beauty of nature
D．the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floods
29、To avoid the mistakes of our forefathers, the author suggests that____________
A．we plant more trees
B．we return to nature
C．natural sciences be taught to everybody
D．environmental education be directed to everyone
30、What does the author imply by saying "living space.., is figured.., also in cubic volume above the earth" in Para. 3 ?
A．We need to take some measures to protect .spac
B．We must preserve good living conditions for both birds and rand animal
C．Our living space should be measured in cubic volum
D．Our living space on the earth is getting smaller and smalle
31、The author's attitude towards the current situation in the exploitation of natural resources is________
A．critical
B．neutra
C．positive
D．suspicious