2015年12月英语四级考试模拟试卷（三）
导读:
进入全真模拟考场在线测试此套试卷，可查看答案及解析并自动评分 >> 在线做题
Directions：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A），B），C）and D）. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.
阅读下文，回答57-66题
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Child psychologists--and kindergarten teachers--have long known that when children first show up for school，some of them speak a lot more fluently than others. Psychologists also know that children’s socioeconomic status tends to be closely connected with their language facility. The better off and more educated a child’s parents are，the better vocabulary ability that child tends to have by school age—and vocabulary skill is a key predictor for success in school. Children from low-income families，who may often start school knowing significantly fewer words than their better-off peers，will struggle for years to make up that ground.
Previous studies have shown that wealthier，educated parents talk to their young children more，using more complex vocabulary and sentences，than parents of lesser means. And these differences may help explain why richer kids start school with richer vocabularies. But what goes on before children can talk. during that phase--familiar to any parent--when communication takes the form of pointing，waving，grabbing and other kinds of baby sign language? Do well--off parents also gesture more to their kids?
Indeed they do，say psychologists Susan Gold in-Meadow and Meredith Rowe of the University of Chicago. The researchers found that at 14 months of age, babies already showed a wide range of “speaking” ability through gestures, and that those differences were closely linked with their socioeconomic back ground and how frequently their parents used gestures to communicate. High-income，better-educated parents gestured more frequently to their children to convey meaning and new concepts, and in turn，their kids gestured more to them. When researchers tested the same children at 54 months of age, they found that those early gesturers turned out to have better vocabulary ability than other students.
At 14 months of age, researches say, pointing toward an object is the way most kids use gestures. If a parent responds to that gesture by identifying the object in words—by saying， “That’s a doll，”for example--children get a head start on growing their original vocabularies.“That’s a teachable moment. And mothers are teaching the kids the word for an object.” says Gold in-Meadow.
Psychologists have found that children’s language ability largely depends on __________.
A．their family’s socioeconomic background
B．their successful performance in school
C．their education background before school
D．their own personality
58、 What is the difference between “parents of lesser means” and their better-off peers when talking to their children?
A．They use more gestures.
B．They use a smaller vocabulary.
C．They speak less fluently.
D．They explain more often.
59、 The word “phase”（Line 4，Para.2） refers to the time __________.
A．when children learn to communicate
B．when children communicate by gesture
C．when children have the ability to speak
D．when children begin to learn from parents
60、 It is found by researchers that children at 14 months of age __________.
A．made no difference in how to communicate
B．were not abIe to convey abstract concepts
C．acquired many gestures from their parents
D．showed different abilities to communicate
61、 At the age of 14 months. it is the best time for kids to __________.
A．learn to identify objects
B．learn to talk to parents
C．learn object names
D．learn a big vocabulary
62、阅读下文，回答62-71题
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Food waste has been a chronic problem for restaurants and grocery stores--with millions of tons lost along the way as crops are hauled hundreds of miles，stored for weeks in refrigerators and prepared on busy restaurant assembly lines. But the historically high price of products is making it an even bigger dragon the bottom line.
Restaurants，colleges，hospitals and other institutions are compensating for the rising costs of waste in novel ways. Some are tracking their trash with software systems，making food in smaller packages or trying to compost（将……制成堆肥）and cut down on trash-hauling costs.
“We have all come to work with this big elephant in the middle of the kitchen，and the elephant is this It’s okay to waste’ belief system，”said Andrew Shackman, president of Lean Path，a company that helps restaurants cut back food waste.
The interest level in cutting food waste “has just skyrocketed in the last six to nine months.” he said.
Roughly 30 percent of food in the United States goes to waste，costing some$48 billion annually，according to a Stockholm International Water Institute study. A University of Arizona study estimated that 40 to 50 percent of food in the United States is wasted. Wholesale food costs have risen more than 8percent this year, the biggest jump in decades，according the National Restaurant Association.
Freshman students at Virginia Tech were surprised this year when they entered two of the campus’s biggest dining halls to find there were no trays.
“You have to go back and get your dishware and your drink，but it’s not that different，”said Caitlin Mewborn, a freshman “It’s not a big trouble. You take less food. and you don’t eat more than you should.”
Getting rid of trays has cut food waste by 38 percent at the dining halls，said Denny Cochrane，manager of Virginia Tech’s sustainability program. Before the program began，students often grabbed whatever looked good at the buffet（自助餐），only to find at the table that their eyes were bigger than their stomachs，he said.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
High price of products makes the problem of food waste __________.
A．less serious
B．more urgent
C．less noticeable
D．more unsolvable
63、 What can be done to reduce the cost on trash hauling?
A．Composting more food waste.
B．Cutting back food consumption.
C．Monitoring trash with software systems.
D．Storing food in fridges for a shorter lime.
64、 Regarding the issue of cutting food waste in the last six to nine months, people have been
Increasingly __________.
A．disheartened
B．encouraged
C．concerned
D．satisfied
65、 What does Caitlin Mewborn most probably think about mat no trays are prodded in the campus dining balls?
A．It doesn’t much help cut food waste.
B．It causes much trouble for students.
C．It isn’t popular with the freshmen.
D．It is efficient for cutting food waste.
66、The author mentions Virginia Tech as an example to support the idea that __________.
A．food waste has been a chronic problem
B．novel ways are being used to cut food waste
C．colleges are the biggest source of food waste
D．the “It’s okay to waste” belief system is influential
阅读下文，回答57-66题
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Child psychologists--and kindergarten teachers--have long known that when children first show up for school，some of them speak a lot more fluently than others. Psychologists also know that children’s socioeconomic status tends to be closely connected with their language facility. The better off and more educated a child’s parents are，the better vocabulary ability that child tends to have by school age—and vocabulary skill is a key predictor for success in school. Children from low-income families，who may often start school knowing significantly fewer words than their better-off peers，will struggle for years to make up that ground.
Previous studies have shown that wealthier，educated parents talk to their young children more，using more complex vocabulary and sentences，than parents of lesser means. And these differences may help explain why richer kids start school with richer vocabularies. But what goes on before children can talk. during that phase--familiar to any parent--when communication takes the form of pointing，waving，grabbing and other kinds of baby sign language? Do well--off parents also gesture more to their kids?
Indeed they do，say psychologists Susan Gold in-Meadow and Meredith Rowe of the University of Chicago. The researchers found that at 14 months of age, babies already showed a wide range of “speaking” ability through gestures, and that those differences were closely linked with their socioeconomic back ground and how frequently their parents used gestures to communicate. High-income，better-educated parents gestured more frequently to their children to convey meaning and new concepts, and in turn，their kids gestured more to them. When researchers tested the same children at 54 months of age, they found that those early gesturers turned out to have better vocabulary ability than other students.
At 14 months of age, researches say, pointing toward an object is the way most kids use gestures. If a parent responds to that gesture by identifying the object in words—by saying， “That’s a doll，”for example--children get a head start on growing their original vocabularies.“That’s a teachable moment. And mothers are teaching the kids the word for an object.” says Gold in-Meadow.
Psychologists have found that children’s language ability largely depends on __________.
A．their family’s socioeconomic background
B．their successful performance in school
C．their education background before school
D．their own personality
58、 What is the difference between “parents of lesser means” and their better-off peers when talking to their children?
A．They use more gestures.
B．They use a smaller vocabulary.
C．They speak less fluently.
D．They explain more often.
59、 The word “phase”（Line 4，Para.2） refers to the time __________.
A．when children learn to communicate
B．when children communicate by gesture
C．when children have the ability to speak
D．when children begin to learn from parents
60、 It is found by researchers that children at 14 months of age __________.
A．made no difference in how to communicate
B．were not abIe to convey abstract concepts
C．acquired many gestures from their parents
D．showed different abilities to communicate
61、 At the age of 14 months. it is the best time for kids to __________.
A．learn to identify objects
B．learn to talk to parents
C．learn object names
D．learn a big vocabulary
62、阅读下文，回答62-71题
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Food waste has been a chronic problem for restaurants and grocery stores--with millions of tons lost along the way as crops are hauled hundreds of miles，stored for weeks in refrigerators and prepared on busy restaurant assembly lines. But the historically high price of products is making it an even bigger dragon the bottom line.
Restaurants，colleges，hospitals and other institutions are compensating for the rising costs of waste in novel ways. Some are tracking their trash with software systems，making food in smaller packages or trying to compost（将……制成堆肥）and cut down on trash-hauling costs.
“We have all come to work with this big elephant in the middle of the kitchen，and the elephant is this It’s okay to waste’ belief system，”said Andrew Shackman, president of Lean Path，a company that helps restaurants cut back food waste.
The interest level in cutting food waste “has just skyrocketed in the last six to nine months.” he said.
Roughly 30 percent of food in the United States goes to waste，costing some$48 billion annually，according to a Stockholm International Water Institute study. A University of Arizona study estimated that 40 to 50 percent of food in the United States is wasted. Wholesale food costs have risen more than 8percent this year, the biggest jump in decades，according the National Restaurant Association.
Freshman students at Virginia Tech were surprised this year when they entered two of the campus’s biggest dining halls to find there were no trays.
“You have to go back and get your dishware and your drink，but it’s not that different，”said Caitlin Mewborn, a freshman “It’s not a big trouble. You take less food. and you don’t eat more than you should.”
Getting rid of trays has cut food waste by 38 percent at the dining halls，said Denny Cochrane，manager of Virginia Tech’s sustainability program. Before the program began，students often grabbed whatever looked good at the buffet（自助餐），only to find at the table that their eyes were bigger than their stomachs，he said.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
High price of products makes the problem of food waste __________.
A．less serious
B．more urgent
C．less noticeable
D．more unsolvable
63、 What can be done to reduce the cost on trash hauling?
A．Composting more food waste.
B．Cutting back food consumption.
C．Monitoring trash with software systems.
D．Storing food in fridges for a shorter lime.
64、 Regarding the issue of cutting food waste in the last six to nine months, people have been
Increasingly __________.
A．disheartened
B．encouraged
C．concerned
D．satisfied
65、 What does Caitlin Mewborn most probably think about mat no trays are prodded in the campus dining balls?
A．It doesn’t much help cut food waste.
B．It causes much trouble for students.
C．It isn’t popular with the freshmen.
D．It is efficient for cutting food waste.
66、The author mentions Virginia Tech as an example to support the idea that __________.
A．food waste has been a chronic problem
B．novel ways are being used to cut food waste
C．colleges are the biggest source of food waste
D．the “It’s okay to waste” belief system is influential
小编推荐：2015年12月英语四级考前注意事项｜临考必刷冲刺试题
真题推荐：大学英语四级历年真题及答案word下载｜在线测试估分
本站将在12月19日考后抢先发布2015年12月英语四级真题及答案，敬请关注！
[点击进入专题]
考后关注：2015年12月英语四级成绩查询 合格分数线 算分器
相关推荐
