2015年12月英语四级考试模拟试卷（四）
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Directions：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A），B），C）and D）. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.
阅读下文，回答57-66题
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Eating a Mediterranean-style diet--packed with fruits，vegetables，legumes（豆类），nuts，olive oil and fish—is good for your heart. many studies have found. Now scientists are suggesting the diet may be good for your mental health，too.
A study of over 10，000 Spaniards followed for almost four and half years on average found that those who reported eating a healthy Mediterranean diet at the beginning of the study were about half as likely to develop depression than those who said they did not stick to the diet.
All of the participants were free of depression when they were recruited to the study，and each filled out a 136-item food frequency questionnaire when they joined. Based on their self-reported dietary habits，they were assigned a score between 0 and 9，with the highest score reflecting the closest sticking to a Mediterranean diet.
Over time，those who had scored between 5 and 9 on the Mediterranean diet were 42 percent to 51 percent less likely to develop depression，the study found，than those who scored between 0 and 2.
The study does not prove a cause—and-effect relationship between the Mediterranean diet and a lower risk for depression，only an association between the tw0.Still，many scientists are convinced that some damaging processes involved in cardiovascular（心脏血管的）disease may also play a role in mental health.
“Both cardiovascular disease and depression share common mechanisms，”said Dr. Miguel Angel Martinez. Gonzalez，professor of preventive medicine at University of Navarra in Pamplona, Spam，and senior author of the paper，published in the October issue of Archives of General Psychiatry.
The membranes（细胞膜）of our nerve cell are composed of fat，so the quality of fat that you are eating definitely has all influence on the quality of the neuron membranes，and the body’s combination of neurotransmitters is dependent on the vitamins you’re eating.” Dr. Martinez. Gonzalez added. “We think those least sticking to the Mediterranean dietary plan have a deficiency of essential nutrients.’’
The elements of the diet most closely linked to a lower risk of depression were fruits nuts and legumes，the study found.
Scientists have proved that a Mediterranean-style diet _____.
A．helps develop a healthy heart
B．results in a healthy mind
C．is popular among Spaniards
D．contains little fat
58、 The study recruited Spaniards who _____.
A．didn’t know about the Mediterranean diet
B．didn’t show any symptoms of depression
C．were likely to develop depression
D．were eager to be mentally healthy
59、 What did the participants do during the process of the study?
A．They monitored their own health by scoring.
B．They stuck to a Mediterranean diet.
C．They kept their own dietary habits.
D．They filled out the questionnaire regularly.
60、What does Dr. Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez think of depression?
A．It produces the same damage to the body as cardiovascular disease does.
B．It involves the same forming process as cardiovascular disease.
C．It is one of the symptoms of cardiovascular disease.
D．n is a damaging process in cardiovascular disease.
61、 According to Dr. Martinez-Gonzalez，why are those who do not stick to Mediterranean diet more likely to get depression?
A．Their diets are not nutritious enough.
B．Their diets don’t contain enough fat.
C．Their diets lack certain important nutrients.
D．Their diets are composed of too much fat.
62、阅读下文，回答62-71题
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Soon after starting his job as supervisor of the Memphis，Tenn.，public schools，Kriner Cash ordered an assessment of his new district’s 104，000 students. What most concerned him was that the number of students considered “highly mobile，’’meaning they had moved at least once during the school year, had ballooned to 34，000. At least 1，500 students were homeless--probably more. It led him to think over an unusual suggestion：What if the best way to help kids in poverty-stricken urban neighborhoods is to get them out?
Cash is now calling for Memphis to create a residential school for 300 to 400 kids whose parents are in financial distress. His proposal is at the forefront（前线）of a broader national trend. Public boarding schools are hardly a new concept. But publicly financing boarding school for inner-city kids is a very different suggestion.‘
If Cash’s dream becomes a reality, it will probably look a lot like SEED（School for Educational
Evolution and Development），whose 320 students live on campus five days a week.
Perhaps the most provocative（引起争论的）aspect of Cash’s proposal is to focus on students in grades3 through 5.Homelessness is growing sharply among kids at that critical age，when much of their educational foundation is set，Cash says. His aim：to prevent illiteracy and clear other learning roadblocks early，so the problem “won’t migrate into middle and high school.”Students will remain on campus year-round. “It sounds very exciting，but the devil is in the details，”says Ellen Bassuk，president of the National Center on Family Homelessness in Newton. Mass.“What’s it like to separate a third-or fifth-grader from their parents?”
It may help to consider the experience of SEED student Mansur Muhammad，17.when he arrived seven years ago，the first few weeks were tough. But Muhammad hasn’t looked back. He maintains a 3.2 GPA and reshelves books in the school’s library for $160 every couple of days，when He’s not in his room listening to rap or classical music and writing poetry. Inspired by a teacher，Muhammad is working on a book.“It was a long road for me to get here，”he says，“and I have a long way to go.”
What did Cash intend to do with the kids in poverty-stricken urban neighborhoods to “get them out”?
A．Help them get better-off.
B．Drive them out of school.
C．Help them be academically outstanding.
D．Put them into a special boarding school.
63、 “Inner-city kids” most probably children who _____.
A．come from poor families
B．study in private schools
C．were born in rich families
D．were “highly mobile”
64、 According to Cash，Grades 3 through 5 _____.
A．is controversial among educators
B．is a decisive period for students
C．is the best time to solve homelessness
D．is the greatest roadblock in education
65、 By mentioning the experience of Mansur Muhamma4 the author tends to agree that Cash's idea is _____.
A．defective
B．innovative
C．practicable
D．disputable
66、 What does Mansur Muhammad do in the library?
A．Consult references.
B．Do a part-time job.
C．Write his new book.
D．Use the multimedia.
阅读下文，回答57-66题
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Eating a Mediterranean-style diet--packed with fruits，vegetables，legumes（豆类），nuts，olive oil and fish—is good for your heart. many studies have found. Now scientists are suggesting the diet may be good for your mental health，too.
A study of over 10，000 Spaniards followed for almost four and half years on average found that those who reported eating a healthy Mediterranean diet at the beginning of the study were about half as likely to develop depression than those who said they did not stick to the diet.
All of the participants were free of depression when they were recruited to the study，and each filled out a 136-item food frequency questionnaire when they joined. Based on their self-reported dietary habits，they were assigned a score between 0 and 9，with the highest score reflecting the closest sticking to a Mediterranean diet.
Over time，those who had scored between 5 and 9 on the Mediterranean diet were 42 percent to 51 percent less likely to develop depression，the study found，than those who scored between 0 and 2.
The study does not prove a cause—and-effect relationship between the Mediterranean diet and a lower risk for depression，only an association between the tw0.Still，many scientists are convinced that some damaging processes involved in cardiovascular（心脏血管的）disease may also play a role in mental health.
“Both cardiovascular disease and depression share common mechanisms，”said Dr. Miguel Angel Martinez. Gonzalez，professor of preventive medicine at University of Navarra in Pamplona, Spam，and senior author of the paper，published in the October issue of Archives of General Psychiatry.
The membranes（细胞膜）of our nerve cell are composed of fat，so the quality of fat that you are eating definitely has all influence on the quality of the neuron membranes，and the body’s combination of neurotransmitters is dependent on the vitamins you’re eating.” Dr. Martinez. Gonzalez added. “We think those least sticking to the Mediterranean dietary plan have a deficiency of essential nutrients.’’
The elements of the diet most closely linked to a lower risk of depression were fruits nuts and legumes，the study found.
Scientists have proved that a Mediterranean-style diet _____.
A．helps develop a healthy heart
B．results in a healthy mind
C．is popular among Spaniards
D．contains little fat
58、 The study recruited Spaniards who _____.
A．didn’t know about the Mediterranean diet
B．didn’t show any symptoms of depression
C．were likely to develop depression
D．were eager to be mentally healthy
59、 What did the participants do during the process of the study?
A．They monitored their own health by scoring.
B．They stuck to a Mediterranean diet.
C．They kept their own dietary habits.
D．They filled out the questionnaire regularly.
60、What does Dr. Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez think of depression?
A．It produces the same damage to the body as cardiovascular disease does.
B．It involves the same forming process as cardiovascular disease.
C．It is one of the symptoms of cardiovascular disease.
D．n is a damaging process in cardiovascular disease.
61、 According to Dr. Martinez-Gonzalez，why are those who do not stick to Mediterranean diet more likely to get depression?
A．Their diets are not nutritious enough.
B．Their diets don’t contain enough fat.
C．Their diets lack certain important nutrients.
D．Their diets are composed of too much fat.
62、阅读下文，回答62-71题
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Soon after starting his job as supervisor of the Memphis，Tenn.，public schools，Kriner Cash ordered an assessment of his new district’s 104，000 students. What most concerned him was that the number of students considered “highly mobile，’’meaning they had moved at least once during the school year, had ballooned to 34，000. At least 1，500 students were homeless--probably more. It led him to think over an unusual suggestion：What if the best way to help kids in poverty-stricken urban neighborhoods is to get them out?
Cash is now calling for Memphis to create a residential school for 300 to 400 kids whose parents are in financial distress. His proposal is at the forefront（前线）of a broader national trend. Public boarding schools are hardly a new concept. But publicly financing boarding school for inner-city kids is a very different suggestion.‘
If Cash’s dream becomes a reality, it will probably look a lot like SEED（School for Educational
Evolution and Development），whose 320 students live on campus five days a week.
Perhaps the most provocative（引起争论的）aspect of Cash’s proposal is to focus on students in grades3 through 5.Homelessness is growing sharply among kids at that critical age，when much of their educational foundation is set，Cash says. His aim：to prevent illiteracy and clear other learning roadblocks early，so the problem “won’t migrate into middle and high school.”Students will remain on campus year-round. “It sounds very exciting，but the devil is in the details，”says Ellen Bassuk，president of the National Center on Family Homelessness in Newton. Mass.“What’s it like to separate a third-or fifth-grader from their parents?”
It may help to consider the experience of SEED student Mansur Muhammad，17.when he arrived seven years ago，the first few weeks were tough. But Muhammad hasn’t looked back. He maintains a 3.2 GPA and reshelves books in the school’s library for $160 every couple of days，when He’s not in his room listening to rap or classical music and writing poetry. Inspired by a teacher，Muhammad is working on a book.“It was a long road for me to get here，”he says，“and I have a long way to go.”
What did Cash intend to do with the kids in poverty-stricken urban neighborhoods to “get them out”?
A．Help them get better-off.
B．Drive them out of school.
C．Help them be academically outstanding.
D．Put them into a special boarding school.
63、 “Inner-city kids” most probably children who _____.
A．come from poor families
B．study in private schools
C．were born in rich families
D．were “highly mobile”
64、 According to Cash，Grades 3 through 5 _____.
A．is controversial among educators
B．is a decisive period for students
C．is the best time to solve homelessness
D．is the greatest roadblock in education
65、 By mentioning the experience of Mansur Muhamma4 the author tends to agree that Cash's idea is _____.
A．defective
B．innovative
C．practicable
D．disputable
66、 What does Mansur Muhammad do in the library?
A．Consult references.
B．Do a part-time job.
C．Write his new book.
D．Use the multimedia.
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