单项选择题
1、Questionsare based on the following passage．
Poor people have I.Q.’s significantly lower than those of rich people，and the awkward conventional wisdom has been that this is in large part a 36 of genetics．After all，a series of studies seemed to indicate that I.Q．is largely inherited．Identical twins raised apart, for example, have I.Q.’s that are remarkably 37 ．
If intelligence were deeply connected with our genes，that would lead to the depressing conclusion on that neither schooling nor antipoverty programs can 38 much．Yet while this view of I.Q．has been widely held, new evidence shows that it is 39 wrong．Richard Nisbett, a professor of psychology at the University of Michigan，has just proved it completely wrong in a new book，Intelligence and How to Get It．
Professor Nisbett strongly advocates intensive early childhood education because of its proven ability to 40 I.Q．The Milwaukee Project，for example，took African-American children considered at risk for mental retardation（迟钝）and assigned them 41 either to a control group that received no help or to a group that enjoyed intensive day care and education from 6 months of age until first grade：By age 5，the children in the program 42 an I．Q．of 110，compared with 83 for children in the control group．Another proven 43 is to tell junior-high-school students that l．Q．is expandable，and that their intelligence is something they can help shape．Students exposed to that idea work 44 and get better grades．
The implication of this new research on intelligence is that if we were to 45 early childhood
education and support schooling，we might be able to raise America’s collective I.Q．significantly．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A．previously
B．intervention
C．harder
D．similar
E．raise
F．factor
G．averaged
H．interfere
I．randomly
J．profoundly
K．push
L．analyzed
M．function
N．diligent
O．accomplish
第(36)题应填__________

2、听录音,回答题

A． Since he found a girlfriend．
B． Since he took to heavy smoldng．
C． Since he began to exercise regularly．
D． Since he started to live on his own．


3、听录音,
回答题

A． See a doctor about her strained shoulder, 
B． Use a ladder to help her reach the tea．
C． Replace the cupboard with a new one． 
D． Place the tea on lower sheLf next time．


4、Questions are based on the following passage．
The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn't an either/or proposition (命题), although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM (science, technology, engineering, maths) -related fields can make it seem that way．
The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also asserts that the study of the humanities (人文科学) and social sciences must remain central components of America's educational system at all levels．Both areas are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative (创新的) leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides．
Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates' job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs．Under these circumstances, it's natural to look for what may appear to be the most“practical” way out of the problem:“Major in a subject designed to get you a job” seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as“soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run．Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily．
Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there's little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers．The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible．The ability to draw upon every available tool and ．insight--picked up from science, arts, and technology--to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States．
What does the latest congressional report suggest?
A．STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society．
B．The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance．
C．The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students' spiritual life．
D．Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society．


5、Questions are based on the following passage．
It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10 th and ll th centuries．As a wife，the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry(嫁妆)．Admittedly，the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion，but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important．The dowry was the wifesright to receive a tenth of all her husband’s property．The wife had the right to withhold consent，in all transactions the husband would make，and more than just a right；the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision，equal to that of her husband．In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife．
The wife shared in the management of her husbands personal property，but the opposite was not always true．Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights，and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit．A case in point is that of Maria Vivas．Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited，for the needs of the household，she insisted on compensation．None being offered，she succeeded in dragging her husband to the scribe to have a contract duly drawn up assigning her a piece of land from Mir0’s personal inheritance．The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree，as the contract says，“for the sake of peace”．Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered，the wife knew how to win herself，with the context of the family，a powerful economic position．
Originally，the purpose of a dowry is to——．
A．give a woman the right to receive all her husband’s property
B．help a woman to enjoy a higher position in the family
C．protect a woman against the risk of desertion
D． both A and C


6、听录音,回答题

A．The popular Apple iPad．
B．The popular Google nexus．
C．The popular Samsung Note．
D． The popular amazon kindle fire．


7、Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

A．Summer vacation.
B．The housing office.
C．Resident advisers.
D．Check-out procedures.


8、回答题
A．Brain chips mean we are struggling to distinguish our own thoughts from ideas implanted by advertisers．Self-driving cars restrict old．school human drivers to special recreation parks．And the optimal(的)number offingers is 12．5．
B．Confused?It’s a vision of the world in 25 years，as dreamed up by today’s researchers in computer-human interaction(CHI)．
C． CHI normally means investigating better ways for people to interact with devices we have now,but last week attendees at the annual conference in Toront0，Canada，got ahead of themselves．They created an imaginary conference agenda for 2039 that predicts the kinds of challenges we will face with future computers--many of which will be implanted．
D．“It’s meant to be sort of the fringes(边缘)of human--computer interaction research，what’s really edgy or provocative，”says Eric Baumer of Cornell University in Ithaca，New York，who dreamed up the idea of the conference．“There’s a lot of retrospective thinking about the past，but there’s not as much thinking about what are the futures toward which we think we’re working．”
E．We used the abstracts to create a list of the questions we—or more accurately．our cyborg descendants--might have about computers in 2039．
Is it weird when my organs talk to each other?
F．In an abstract entitled“My liver and my kidney compared notes”，IBM researcher Michael Muller,based in Cambridge，Massachusetts，looks at what happens when the implanted monitors on people’s intemal organs—a network he calls Arterionet--are able to share data and pool knowledge to offer enhanced health tips．
G．His conclusion：“While most users were skeptical．many users proposed additional features that could lead to greater acceptance and compliance with such recommendations．”
H．It’s worth thinking about how people might deal with health tips from organ monitors．Wearable technology that tracks your activity or your health status is slowly gaining popularity while researchers earlier this year implanted power-generating silicone strips on the hearts，lungs and diaphragms(横膈膜) of live cows，pigs and sheep．Muller says the biggest challenge to creating Arterionet will be figuring out how to fit the artificial intelligence in a sufficiently small and safe package．
Why do plants need their own Facebook,again?
I．To understand this question，you need to know about Plantastic，the brainchild of Bill Tomlinson and his colleagues at the University of California at Irvine．
J．In their abstract，they reason that to make our food supply more sustainable，it may make sense to grow more fruits and vegetables close to home．But certain crops thrive when they’re grown in large quantities or alongside certain other plants--too tall all order for the average farmer．
K． Enter Plantastic，which would advise what plants would work best for your area and tell you what people in the neighbourhood are growing．Nanochips on plants would feed data back to the site．That information in turn could be used to 1earn more about what grows best in which environment．
L．Assuming people will want to know whether this adds anything，Tomlinson’s team created a fictional(虚构的)study that looks at l o backyard gardens over two growing seasons．It suggests that using Plantastic will increase yields by 4 to 12 percent．
M．Tomlinson’s graduate student Juliet Norton is working on an early version of what the online system might look like．
Autonomous cars have made driving so boring--what shall I do instead?
N．Andreas Riener at the Institute for Pervasive Computing in Linz．Austria，has written an abstract that starts with a bold view of the future：“The first self-driving car cruised on our roads in 2019．Now,20 years after,it is time to review how this innovation has changed our mobility behaviour．”
O． This vision is rooted in a real trend．Self-driving cars have been making headlines for several years now．They are legal to drive in the state of Nevada．and Google’s driverless car has already racked up hundreds of thousands of practice miles．
P． Reiner’s contribution is to explore how this will change us．He predicts that once the robots take the wheel everywhere．many of us will lose interest in driving altogether．Fewer of us will own our own cars．Those who do won’t waste as much time pimping them out or driving around iust for fun．People who still love cars might have to seek their thrills in special“recreation parks”．where they can drive manually in an artificial environment．“If the vehicles of the future are only a means to get from A to B，this car culture would get lost．”he says．
Did I just think up that idea or did an advertiser implant it?
Q．Multiple contributors to CHl 2039 ponder the future of brain implants．Whether it involves capturing input from each of our senses or recording neurons(神经元)directly in the brain，they assume that this one is a question not of if but when．And that could bring opportunities--and challenges．
R．Shachar Maidenbaum of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem，Israel，envisions devices that could record our day-to-day experiences and then allow US to share our memories with one another,revolutionising courts，classrooms，and our social interactions．
S．Daniel Gruen of IBM Research，meanwhile，envisions devices that could prompt your memory when you forget something．一with some darker consequences．“Imagine in the future that you have systems that help you with memory,”he says．“At what point do you start wondering．‘Wait．I’ve had an idea．Is that really mine or is that idea coming from somewhere else?”’
So，what is the ideal number of fingers?
T． Ever strain yourself swiping across your iPhone screen?That problem would go away if you could have an extra thumb surgically(手术地)attached to your hand．
U．That’s the starting point for a fictitious study of l 24 people who have chosen to augment their hands with bionic(仿生的)fingers--on average they have 13．4 digits．Johannes Schfnin9，a computer scientist at Hasselt University in Belgium，even comes to an intriguing conclusion：“The optimal finger count is l 2．5，with six normal—sized fingers on each hand and the dominant hand having an extra half-sized finger that can be moved with 6 degrees of freedom．”
V．It’s entertaining stuff but even SchSning admits that 25 years might not be long enough for this one to appear．

In his article．Michael Muller investigates the consequences of Arterionet’s being capable of sharing information to supply extra strong health advices．

简答题
9、 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Jobs College Graduates Want to Do based on the statistics provided in the chart below (College Graduates' Ideal Occupations). Please give a brief description of the chartfirst and then make comment on it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.

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Jobs College Graduates Want to Do

10、裸婚(naked mar r iage)是指不买房、不买车、不办婚礼甚至没有婚戒而直接领证结婚的一种简朴的结婚方式。由于生活压力以及现代人越来越强调婚姻的“自由”和“独立”，  “婚礼”在年轻一代的婚姻中被重视的程度日益削弱，因而“裸婚”也就成为“80后”新潮的结婚方式。热衷于“裸婚”的年轻一代一般年龄在20岁到35岁之间。他们大多思想前卫，其中也不乏高学历、高收入的都市白领。