2015年英语四级考试每日一练(11月9日)
导读:
在线测试本批《每日一练》试题，可查看答案及解析，并保留做题记录 >> 在线做题
单项选择题
1、听录音,回答题
A．Time spent exercising．
B．Time spent working.
C．Time spent on leisure activities．
D．Time spent with friends and family.
2、听录音,回答题
A． How being an identical twin influences one's identity.
B． Why some identical twins keep their identities secret.
C． Why some identical twins were separated from birth.
D． How identical twins are born, raised and educated.
3、Questionsare based on the following passage,
Just when you had figured out how．to manage fat in your diet, researchers are now warning against another common mealtime pitfall (陷阱)-salt.
A study by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), Stanford University andColumbia University shows that even a 36 decrease in daily salt intake (摄入) can lead to dramatichealth benefits．The authors 37 an annual drop of as many as 120,000 cases of heart disease,66,000 38 of stroke and 99,000 heart attacks 39 by high blood pressure after a 3-g-per-dayreduction in salt.
The advantages, not surprisingly, were greater for African Americans, who are more likely to 40 highblood pressure than other ethnic groups, and for the elderly, since blood vessels stiffen with age, whichcan lead to higher blood pressure.
"Everyone in the U.S．is consuming salt far in 41 of what is good for them," says lead authorDr．Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo of UCSF．"What we are suggesting is that a population-wide effort to reducesalt intake, even 42, will have health benefits."
The team conducted a computer-based analysis to determine the 43 of a 3-g-per-day reduction insalt intake on rates of heart disease and death．They also calculated the cost savings emerging from theamount of disease that wonid be 44 because of lower blood pressure．The conclusion: by cutting saltintake nationwide, the U.S．could save $10 billion to $24 billion 45 in health care costs.
A．accidents
B．annually
C．avoided
D．caused
E．considerable
F．develop
G．documented
H．dramatically
I．excess
J．impact
K．instances
L．modest
M．revised
N．slightly
O．Undertake
第(36)题应填__________
4、听录音,回答题
A．In a studio．
B．In a booking store．
C．At a beach resort．
D．At a supermarket．
5、听录音,回答题
A．He fell into the river but couldn't swim.
B．He fell into the river together with his bike.
C．He had his foot caught between two posts in the river.
D．He dived into the river but couldn't reach the surface.
6、Questions are based on the following passage.
More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are con- trolled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap big reward. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.
It's easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers.
Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it's disturbing to note how many of the ,crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.
Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met. Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled (诈骗)the most confidential (保密)records right under the noses of the company's executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.
It can be concluded from the passage that
A．it is still impossible to detect computer crimes today
B．people commit computer crimes at the request of their company
C．computer criminals escape punishment because they can't be detected
D．computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions
7、Questions are based on the following passage.
Small increases in temperature found to add power to storms in the Atlantic.
Hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean are expected to gain considerable strength as the global
temperature continues to rise, a new study has found.
Using modeling data focused on the conditions in which hurricanes form, a group of international re- searchers based at Beijing Normal University found that for every 1.8~F(1~C) rise of the Earth's temper- ature, the number of hurricanes in the Atlantic that are as strong or stronger than Hurricane Katrina will increase twofold to sevenfold.
Hurricane strength is directly related to the heat of the water where the storm forms. More water va- por in the air from evaporating ocean water adds fuel to hnricanes--also called cyclones and typhoons in different parts of the world--that build strength and head toward land.
Hurricane Katrina is widely considered the measure for a destructive storm, holding the maximum Category 5 designation for a full 24 hours in late August 2005. It lost strength as it passed over the Flori- da Peninsula, but gained destructive power right before colliding with New Orleans, killing more than200 people and causing $ 80 billion in damage.
The study points to a gradual increase of Katrina-like events. The warming experienced over the 20th century doubled the number of such debilitating storms. But the ongoing warming of the planet into the 21st century could increase the frequency of the worst kinds of storms by 700 percent, threatening coast- lines along the Atlantic Ocean with multiple Category 5 storms every year.
"Our results support the idea that changes in regional sea surface temperatures is the primary cause of hurricane variability," said Aslak Girnstead, a researcher with the Center for Ice and Climate at the Uni- versity of Copenhagen. The large impact of small sea-surface temperature increases was more than Girn- stead and his colleagues had anticipated. The entire study was published in the Proceedings of the Nation- al Academy of Sciences.
Global temperatures have steadily increased, making the past decade the warmest on record. Earlier this year, climate researchers reported that the Earth's temperatures have risen faster in the last century than at any point since the last ice age, 11,300 years ago. The primary cause, a consensus of scientists has said, is the rising emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane.
Past hurricanes have supported the study's finding that global temperature rise is linked to more de- structive storms. According to the National Center for Atmospheric Research, while the frequency of storms doesn'.t appear to have increased, the percentage of strong ones has risen sharply over the past few decades. The trend may be similar further back in time, but comprehensive hurricane data doesn't exist.
According to the team of international researchers based at Beijing Normal University, the rise of the Earth's temperature is likely to cause
A． the coming of ice age
B． less intense hurricanes
C． more Katrina-like or worse hurricanes
D． more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
8、Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A．The head of the Alumni Office.
B．A doctor.
C．A professor of business administration.
D．A student from last year's program.
简答题
9、1．提出你喜爱的电视节目
2．陈述喜爱的原因；
3．从你喜爱的节目中有哪些收获。
10、 旅游业是近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个经济部门，现在正引起中国公众越来越多的关注。许多人给报社写信，就促进中国旅游业的发展提出了种种建议。人们的看法是，发展旅游业将有助于促进中国人民和其他国家人民之间的相互了解、增进友谊，并将有利于文化、科学、技术方面的交流，还会有助于为中国的伟大事业积累资金。
1、听录音,回答题
A．Time spent exercising．
B．Time spent working.
C．Time spent on leisure activities．
D．Time spent with friends and family.
2、听录音,回答题
A． How being an identical twin influences one's identity.
B． Why some identical twins keep their identities secret.
C． Why some identical twins were separated from birth.
D． How identical twins are born, raised and educated.
3、Questionsare based on the following passage,
Just when you had figured out how．to manage fat in your diet, researchers are now warning against another common mealtime pitfall (陷阱)-salt.
A study by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), Stanford University andColumbia University shows that even a 36 decrease in daily salt intake (摄入) can lead to dramatichealth benefits．The authors 37 an annual drop of as many as 120,000 cases of heart disease,66,000 38 of stroke and 99,000 heart attacks 39 by high blood pressure after a 3-g-per-dayreduction in salt.
The advantages, not surprisingly, were greater for African Americans, who are more likely to 40 highblood pressure than other ethnic groups, and for the elderly, since blood vessels stiffen with age, whichcan lead to higher blood pressure.
"Everyone in the U.S．is consuming salt far in 41 of what is good for them," says lead authorDr．Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo of UCSF．"What we are suggesting is that a population-wide effort to reducesalt intake, even 42, will have health benefits."
The team conducted a computer-based analysis to determine the 43 of a 3-g-per-day reduction insalt intake on rates of heart disease and death．They also calculated the cost savings emerging from theamount of disease that wonid be 44 because of lower blood pressure．The conclusion: by cutting saltintake nationwide, the U.S．could save $10 billion to $24 billion 45 in health care costs.
A．accidents
B．annually
C．avoided
D．caused
E．considerable
F．develop
G．documented
H．dramatically
I．excess
J．impact
K．instances
L．modest
M．revised
N．slightly
O．Undertake
第(36)题应填__________
4、听录音,回答题
A．In a studio．
B．In a booking store．
C．At a beach resort．
D．At a supermarket．
5、听录音,回答题
A．He fell into the river but couldn't swim.
B．He fell into the river together with his bike.
C．He had his foot caught between two posts in the river.
D．He dived into the river but couldn't reach the surface.
6、Questions are based on the following passage.
More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are con- trolled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap big reward. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.
It's easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers.
Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it's disturbing to note how many of the ,crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.
Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met. Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled (诈骗)the most confidential (保密)records right under the noses of the company's executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.
It can be concluded from the passage that
A．it is still impossible to detect computer crimes today
B．people commit computer crimes at the request of their company
C．computer criminals escape punishment because they can't be detected
D．computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions
7、Questions are based on the following passage.
Small increases in temperature found to add power to storms in the Atlantic.
Hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean are expected to gain considerable strength as the global
temperature continues to rise, a new study has found.
Using modeling data focused on the conditions in which hurricanes form, a group of international re- searchers based at Beijing Normal University found that for every 1.8~F(1~C) rise of the Earth's temper- ature, the number of hurricanes in the Atlantic that are as strong or stronger than Hurricane Katrina will increase twofold to sevenfold.
Hurricane strength is directly related to the heat of the water where the storm forms. More water va- por in the air from evaporating ocean water adds fuel to hnricanes--also called cyclones and typhoons in different parts of the world--that build strength and head toward land.
Hurricane Katrina is widely considered the measure for a destructive storm, holding the maximum Category 5 designation for a full 24 hours in late August 2005. It lost strength as it passed over the Flori- da Peninsula, but gained destructive power right before colliding with New Orleans, killing more than200 people and causing $ 80 billion in damage.
The study points to a gradual increase of Katrina-like events. The warming experienced over the 20th century doubled the number of such debilitating storms. But the ongoing warming of the planet into the 21st century could increase the frequency of the worst kinds of storms by 700 percent, threatening coast- lines along the Atlantic Ocean with multiple Category 5 storms every year.
"Our results support the idea that changes in regional sea surface temperatures is the primary cause of hurricane variability," said Aslak Girnstead, a researcher with the Center for Ice and Climate at the Uni- versity of Copenhagen. The large impact of small sea-surface temperature increases was more than Girn- stead and his colleagues had anticipated. The entire study was published in the Proceedings of the Nation- al Academy of Sciences.
Global temperatures have steadily increased, making the past decade the warmest on record. Earlier this year, climate researchers reported that the Earth's temperatures have risen faster in the last century than at any point since the last ice age, 11,300 years ago. The primary cause, a consensus of scientists has said, is the rising emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane.
Past hurricanes have supported the study's finding that global temperature rise is linked to more de- structive storms. According to the National Center for Atmospheric Research, while the frequency of storms doesn'.t appear to have increased, the percentage of strong ones has risen sharply over the past few decades. The trend may be similar further back in time, but comprehensive hurricane data doesn't exist.
According to the team of international researchers based at Beijing Normal University, the rise of the Earth's temperature is likely to cause
A． the coming of ice age
B． less intense hurricanes
C． more Katrina-like or worse hurricanes
D． more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
8、Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A．The head of the Alumni Office.
B．A doctor.
C．A professor of business administration.
D．A student from last year's program.
简答题
9、1．提出你喜爱的电视节目
2．陈述喜爱的原因；
3．从你喜爱的节目中有哪些收获。
10、 旅游业是近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个经济部门，现在正引起中国公众越来越多的关注。许多人给报社写信，就促进中国旅游业的发展提出了种种建议。人们的看法是，发展旅游业将有助于促进中国人民和其他国家人民之间的相互了解、增进友谊，并将有利于文化、科学、技术方面的交流，还会有助于为中国的伟大事业积累资金。
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