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2. 作状语时-ING分词表示主语正在进行的另一动作而-ED分词则表示主语发生动作的背景或情况 11） In his movies，W. C. Fields was always at war with the world， .

［A］ battling both people and objects

［B］ both people and objects were battled

［C］ he was battling both people and objects

［D］ both people and objects that were battled

13） Having been served lunch， .

［A］ the problem was discussed by the members of the committee

［B］ the committee members discussed the problem

［C］ it was discussed by the committee members the problem

［D］ a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the committee

12） for her anthropological research，Margaret Mead also was involved with the World Federation for Mental Health.

［A］ She is noted primarily

［B］ Noted primarily

［C］ Primarily is noted

［D］ She primarily noted

14） Considered one of the leading poets in America today， .

［A］ a number of books and plays have also been written by Sonia Sanchez

［B］ Sonia Sanchez has also written a number of books and plays

［C］ a number of Sonia Sanchez's books and plays have been written

［D］ there have been a number of books and plays written by Sonia Sanchez

3. ①作定语时，-ING分词表示正在进行的动作，而-ED分词表示动作发生在谓语动词之前；②-ING分词表示它所修饰的词经常或当时的状态，而-ED分词则没有时间性；③-ING分词表示主动，而-ED分词表示被动

15） The boiled ［A］ point of any liquid ［B］ is determined ［C］ by the pressure ［D］ of the surrounding gases.

16） High-grade ［A］ written ［B］ paper is frequently ［C］ obtained ［D］ from cotton rags.

17） Scientists ［A］ still cannot find ［B］ any convinced ［C］ link between intelligence ［D］ and the quantity or quality of brain cells.

4. 但少数几个动词的-ED分词，有两种形式而且在意义上有差别，如：bear的-ED分词有born和borne之分，前者只用于“出生”的意义，而后者用于“负担”，“负荷”，“承担”和“传送”之意

I was born in 1966.

His borne responsibility to the whole workers of the factory is really great.

再如：hang的-ED分词也有两种，一是hung，另一形式是hanged， 前者表示“悬挂”，后者表示“吊死，绞死”。strike的-ED分词也有两种：struck和striken， 前者有“打击”“冲击”“感动”等义，而striken只用作形容词，表示“受折磨”之意。