Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
　　Passage 1
　　What exactly is a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is something more than that? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow money from you, you say, "I wish I could help you but I’m short of money myself." In fact, you are not short of money, but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don’t want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie?
　　A scientific study of lying shows women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a white lie, such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks terrible. Other research shows that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intention of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain.
　　(76) Research has also been done into the way people’s behavior changes in a number of small, seemingly unimporant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the same time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying "I wish I were somewhere else now."
　　1.
　　It can be concluded from the passage that ______ .
　　A there is a simple way of finding out if someone is lying
　　B from the way some people behave we can tell they are lying
　　C certain emotions are proof of lying
　　D in some situations women are most likely to think businessmen are dishonest
　　答案:B
　　细节题。第三段句提到：“Research has also been done into the way people’s behavior changes in a number of small，apparently unimportant ways when they lie．”下文举例说明人在撒谎时会有什么细微的变化。由此可知选项B的说法为准确。
　　2.
　　This passage tells us that ______ .
　　A telling lies is often necessary in order to avoid being defeated
　　B telling lies is often bad because people ought not to be dishonest
　　C telling lies is sometimes necessary in order not to hurt someone else’s feelings
　　D telling lies is not bad at all in most cases
　　答案:C
　　推理题。解题的关键在于把握好作者的态度。文章段连续提出三个问题，然后以“借钱给朋友”为例，用反问的语气表明态度——有时候为了不伤害他人的感情，撒谎是有必要的。
　　3.
　　In Paragraph 2, the phrase "women are better liars than men" probably means" ______ ."
　　A women are better at telling lies than men
　　B women liars are better accepted than men
　　C women have a better intention when telling lies
　　D women tell fewer lies than men do
　　答案:C
　　语义指代题。better一词是将女性与男性对比后得出的结论。下文举例对比男女撒谎的情况。根据例子可以推断出女性撒谎是为了不伤害他人的感情，男性则是要从中得到好处。因此，女性撒谎多是出于善意。
　　4.
　　Politicians and businessmen are supposed to be skilled at telling the knd of lies ______ .A from which they may gain an advantage
　　B that seems to be believable
　　C that women are most likely to believe
　　D with which they can have better relationship with others
　　答案:A
　　细节题。第二段的后提到：“This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at：the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain”选项A为此句的同义解释。
　　5. A white lie means ______A a lie that is completely unbelievable
　　B a lie that is told with a good will
　　C a lie that is always believable
　　D a lie that often has an evil purpose
　　答案:B
　　细节题。根据作者在white lie 后举的例予："when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks terrible．”可推断出white lie 指的是“善意的谎言”。

学位英语:2014年学位英语考试报名考试大纲 冲刺必备试题