Passage 3
　　Very old people do raise moral problems for almost everyone who comes into contact with them. Their values-this can’t be repeated too often-are not necessarily our values. Physical comfort, cleanliness and order are not necessarily the most important things. The social services from time to time find themselves faced with a flat with decaying (腐烂) food covered by small worms, and an old person lying alone on the bed, taking no notice of the worms.(79) But is it interfering with personal freedom to insist that they go to live with some of their relatives so that they might be taken better care of? Some social workers, the ones who clear up the worms, think we are in danger of carrying this concept of personal freedom to the point where serious risks are being taken with the health and safety of the old.
　　Indeed, the old can be easily hurt or harmed. (80) The body is like a car: it needs more mechanical maintenance as it gets older. You can carry this comparison fight through to the provision of spare parts. Should you cease to treat the old body? Is it morally right to try to push off death by continuing the development of drugs to excite the forgetful old mind and to make the old body active, knowing that it is designed to die? You cannot ask doctors or scientists to decide, because so long as they can see the technical opportunities, they will feel bound to give them a try, on the principle that while there’s life, there’s hope.
　　When you talk to the old people, however, you are forced to the conclusion that whether age is happy or unpleasant depends less on money or on health than it does on the ability to have fun.
　　11. In the author’s opinion ______ .
　　A the human body can’t be compared to a car
　　B the older a person, the more care he needs
　　C too much emphasis has been put on old people’s values
　　D it is easy to provide spare parts for old people
　　答案:B
　　推理题。作者在第二段做了一个巧妙的比喻：“The body is like a car；it needs more mechanical maintenance as it gets older．”可见，人的年纪越大，就越需要照顾。因此选B。
　　12. The word "it" in the last paragraph refers to ______
　　A the conclusion you have come to
　　B whether age is happy or unpleasant
　　C your talk to the old people
　　D one’s money or one’s health
　　答案:B
　　语义指代题。对长句进行分析，可知it 指代的是宾语从句的主语"whether age is happy or unpleasant"。
　　13. Some social workers think that ______ .
　　A health and safety are more important than personal freedom
　　B personal freedom is more important than health and safety
　　C old people should keep their rooms clean
　　D one should not take risks dealing with old people
　　答案:A
　　推理题。根据段的后一句，一些社工是这样看的：“…think we are in danger of carrying this concept of personal freedom to the point where serious risks are being taken with the health and safety of the old．”只有A符合句意。
　　14. The author thinks that ______ .
　　A medical decisions for old people should be left to the doctors
　　B old people can enjoy a happy life only if they are very rich
　　C the opinion that we should try every means possible to save old people is doubtful
　　D it is always morally right to treat old people and push off death
　　答案:C
　　态度题。第二段提到：“Is it morally right to try to push off death by continuing the development of drugs to excite the forgetful old mind and to make the old body active，knowing that it is designed to die?”可见作者并不赞同不惜一切来延长老人的寿命。
　　15.It is implied in Paragraph 1 that ______ .
　　A very old people enjoy living with their relatives
　　B social services have nothing to do with very old people
　　C very old people would like to live alone so that they can have more personal freedom
　　D very old people are able to keep their rooms very clean
　　答案:C
　　逻辑推理题。文章首句提到：“Very old people do raise moral problems for almost everyone who comes into contact with them．”(年纪很大的人给每一个与他有关的人提出了道德难题。)在下丈论述的过程中提出了一个问题：“But is it interfering with personal freedom to insist that they go to live with some of their relatives so that they might be taken better care of?”可见，老人不愿意为受到更好的照顾而与亲戚住在一起，因为怕个人的自由受到干涉。固此答案选C。

学位英语:2014年学位英语考试报名考试大纲 冲刺必备试题