北京2017年成人学位英语考试考前必做试题及答案一
英译汉(81-85)
81.The theme of the International Literacy Day this year is the connection between literacy and sustainable development. Literacy helps reduce poverty and enables people to find jobs and obtain higher salaries. It is one of the most efficient ways of improving the health of mothers and children, understanding doctors' prescriptions and gaining access to healthcare. The lives of more than two million children under the age of five were saved between 1990 and 2009 thanks to improve- merits in the education of women of reproductive age. Literacy facilitates access to knowledge and triggers a process of empowerment and self-esteem that benefits everyone.
答案：国际扫盲日今年的主题是扫盲与可持续发展的联系。扫盲可以减贫、谋职、提薪。它是改善母子健康、看懂医生处方或得到治疗的有效途径之一。由于在育龄妇女教育方面取得的进步，1990至2009年间有200多万5岁以下的儿童得以生命安康。扫盲利于获得知识，培养自立和自信，使所有人受益。
82.Children and young people are at the heart of society. A good education enables them, as global citizens, to respond to the challenges of a complex world, and contribute to building peaceful and sustainable communities. The teachers of today and tomorrow need the skills, knowledge and support that will enable them to meet the diverse learning needs of every girl and boy. We must remember that teachers are an investment for the future. The international community and governments must stand united to support teachers and quality education worldwide, and especially in those countries where the highest number of out-of-school children exists.
答案：儿童和青年人是社会的核心所在。良好的教育会将他们培养成为全球公民，能够应对一个错综复杂世界的各种挑战，并为建设和平、可持续的社区做出贡献。当今和未来的教师都需要使他们能够满足每一名男女儿童多样的学习需求的技能、知识和帮助。我们要切记，教师属于一种对未来的投资。国际社会和各国政府必须团结起来，支持世界各地，特别是失学儿童人数多的那些国家的教师和良好教育。
83.The United Nations is committed to strengthening tolerance by fostering mutual understanding among cultures and peoples. This imperative lies at the core of the United Nations Charter as well as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Promoting tolerance is also a key objective of the International Decade for the Rapprochement of Cultures being observed through 2022. And the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations is paving the path to greater cross-cultural understanding. On this International Day of Tolerance, I call on all people and governments to actively combat fear, hatred and extremism with dialogue, understanding and mutual respect. Let us advance against the forces of division and unite for our shared future.
答案：联合国决心通过加强不同文化和民族之间的相互了解来促进宽容。这是《联合国宪章》和《世界人权宣言》的核心要素。促进宽容也是持续到2022年的国际文化和睦十年的一个重要目标。联合国不同文明联盟正在为加强不同文化之间的了解铺平道路。值此国际宽容日之际，我呼吁各国人民和政府通过对话、了解和相互尊重，积极消除恐惧、仇恨和极端主义。让我们共同抗击分裂势力，为我们共同的未来团结起来。
84.The social costs of unemployment go far beyond the we/fare and unemployment payments made the government. Unemployment increases the chances of divorce, child abuse, and alcoholism, a new federal survey shows. Some experts say the problem is only temporary-that new technology will eventually create as many jobs as it destroys. But futurologist Hymen Seymour says the astonishing efficacy of the new technology means there will be a simple net reduction in the amount of human labor that needs to be done. "We should treat this as an opportunity to give people more leisure. It may not be easy, but society will have to reach a new agreement on the division and distribution of labor."Seymour says.
答案：失业的社会成本远远超出了政府提供的福利和失业补贴。一项新的联邦调查显示，失业增加了离婚、虐待儿童、酗酒的几率。一些专家认为这个问题是暂时性的，新的技术终将刨造与它毁掉数量相同的工作岗位。但是未来学者海门?赛宣称，新科技效率惊人，这意味着所需人类劳动的数量减少。他说：“我们应该把这看成是给人们更多空闲的机会。这可能并不简单，但社会将不得不在劳动分工上重新达成一致。”
85.No tree gets out of this world alive, and few people come through life without at least one serious illness. If we are given a serious diagnosis, it is useful to try to remain free of panic and depression. Panic can constrict the blood vessels and impose an additional burden on the heart. Depression, as medical researchers all the way back to Galen have observed, can set the stage for other illnesses or intensify existing ones. It is no surprise that so many patients who learn that they have cancer or heart disease or any other catastrophic disease become worse at the time of diagnosis. The moment they have a label to attach to their symptoms, the illness deepens.
答案：没有一个人能活着离开这个世界，极少有人一生一世没生过一次重病。如果医生诊断说你得了重病，避免恐慌和沮丧是大有益处的。恐慌会使血管收缩，增加心脏负担。而沮丧，正如自古希腊名医盖伦以来的医学专家们所指出的，可诱发其他疾病或加重目前的疾病，难怪许多患者一听说自己得了癌症或心脏病——或其他什么灾难性疾病，病症立即就会恶化。一旦给自己的各种症状贴上某种标签，病情便随之加重。
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