北京2017年成人学位英语考试考前必做试题及答案一
五、翻译(76-85)
汉译英(76-80)
76.前几天，窗外一阵阵的喧哗笑声，惊动了我。往外看时，原来是好几十个男女同学，正在整理这片空地呢!女学生穿的羽绒衣，毛衣，红红绿绿的;男学生有的穿绿军装，有的穿深色的衣服。他们拿着种种工具，锄土的锄土，铲土的铲土，安放矮栏的就在场地边上安插下小铁栏杆。看来我们楼前这一大片土地，将会被这群青年人整治成一座绿草成茵、繁花似锦的公园。
答案：Several days ago, I was suddenly disturbed by a joyous din from outside the window. Looking out of it, I saw scores of boy and girl students in the middle of tidying up the open ground. The girls were in colourful down jackets or woolen sweaters, and the boys were in green army uniforms or dark-coloured jackets. They worked with hoes or shovels. Some were busy fencing off the land with iron-bar railings. Evidently, they were trying to turn the wide open ground in front of our building into a garden bright with lush green grass and blooming flowers.
77.历史学家Frederick J Tuner在19世纪90年代写道：自1870年以来美国农民的不满一直在缓慢增长，直到1870年关闭了内部前沿以后就被加速了——就是说，用于扩张农业系统的新土地资源已经枯竭了。
答案：The historian Frederick J. Tuner wrote in the 1890's that the agrarian(农民)discontent(不满)that had been developing steadily in the United States since about 1870 had been precipitated(加速)by the closing of the internal frontier-that is, the depletion(枯竭)of available new land needed for further expansion of the American farming system.
78.因特网已经在许多方面对社会产生了非常积极的影响。它改善了沟通方式，简化了任务处理，提供了巨大的便利，使工艺过程更快速，提供了更多的选择，这一切让人们有更多自由的时间做其他事情。但有趣的是，因特网在某些方面产生了消极的影响。人们已经习惯了要求得到快速的满足，因此沟通质量下降，人们变得没有耐心，除此之外，使用因特网也占用了大量时间。
答案：In many ways the Internet has had a very positive effect on society. It has improved communication, simplifiod handling tasks, offered a huge convenience, enabled faster processing, and pro-vided mote options, all of which frees more time to do other things. Yet, interestingly enough, the Internet has in some ways had negative effects. The quality of communication has declined and people are i .inpatient because they have become accustomed to instant satisfaction, and using the Internet also takes up a lot of time.
79.经济的发展往往有赖于自然资源的开采以及低技能劳动力，这就导致制造业基础薄弱和财富分配不均。农业仍是农村家庭的主要收入来源，其占据了非洲60%以上的劳动力，尤其是为妇女劳动力提供了就业。农业生产力低下对整个非洲的粮食安全仍然存在威胁。非洲需要绿色、清洁的工业化，所以要越过造成污染的老式工艺阶段并受益于新技术。对非洲而言，包容性和可持续的工业化是迈向持续经济增长、粮食安全和消除贫穷的一个关键台阶。
答案：Economic development depends on the extraction of natural resources and on low-skilled labor, which has resulted in a weak manufacturing base and uneven distribution of wealth. Agriculture still accounts fol the major share of rural household income and employs over 60 percent of Africa' s labor force, particularly women. Low agricultural productivity continues to threaten food security in Africa as a whole. Africa needs a green, clean industrialization that leapfrogs outdated, polluting processes and platforms and benefits from new technologies. Inclusive and sustainable industrialization is a key stepping stone towards sustained economic growth, food security and poverty eradication in Africa.
80.在已经出了名的人们中间，绝大多数是因有一技之长，如唱歌、舞蹈、绘画、写作等，而获此声誉的。这位成功的表演者展示出一种在市场上可以争雄制胜的风格，因而获得声誉。而且也就是这种声誉常使表演者确信必须把这种风格坚持下去，因为看来这正是大众所需要和喜爱的。可是随着时间转移，歌手年复一年地依老调唱老歌，画师画同样的风景人物，演员反复重演同一角色，都会感到厌烦。
答案：Those who gain fame most often gain it as a result of possessing a single talent or skill: singing, dancing, painting, or writing, etc. The successful performer develops a style that is marketed aggressively and gains some popularity. And it is this popularity that usually convinces the performer to continue performing in the same style, since that is what the public seems to want and to en-joy. But in time, the performer becomes .bored singing the same songs in the same way year after year, or the painter becomes bored painting similar scenes or portraits, or the actor is tired of playing the same character repeatedly.
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