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如主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语的原来时态
He says , “ I am very busy reading the book .”
He says that he is very busy reading the book .

如主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词应发生如下变化：
一般现在时———一般过去时
现在进行时———过去进行时
一般将来时———过去将来时
现在完成时———过去完成时
一般过去时———过去完成时 过去完成时不变

直接引语转换成间接引语时，代词一般相应变化如下：
this -- that last week – the week before
therse – those three days ago – three days before
now – then tomorrow – the next day
today – that day next week – the (next ) following week
this week – that week here -- there
yesterday – the day before come – go