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　　三、转换

　　转换　将一个单词由某一种词类转用为另一种词类，这就叫做转换。单词转换后的意义往往与未转换前的意义有密切的联系。

　　1.名词转化为动词

　　elbow 由“肘”转义为“用肘推挤”

　　back 由“背，后面”转义为“支持，后退”

　　2.形容词转化为动词

　　slow 由“慢”转义为“放慢”

　　3.动词转化为名词

　　to take a walk 散步

　　to have a look　看一看

　　to have a try 　试一试

　　4.形容词转化为名词

　　the wounded 受伤的人们， the beautiful美丽的东西，the blind盲人们

　　5.其他词类转化为名词

　　a must必须做的事情，ups and downs高低起伏，ins and outs问题的底细

　　典型例题

　　考试的重点是词汇之间的搭配，和近义词之间的区别。

　　1. Driving a car is not as difficult as you imagine， if you ________ the rules.

　　A. depend on B. turn to C. put up D. stick to

　　depend on 依靠、依赖

　　turn to 转向某人，turn to sb.向某人求助

　　put up with 容忍、忍受

　　stick to 遵守

　　答案 D

　　2. In my opinion， the changing job market will ______ people many difficulties.

　　A. find B. bring C. take D. get

　　find 找到

　　bring 带来

　　take 拿走

　　get 得到

　　答案 B

　　3. Since the two restaurants ________ almost the same food and service， it doesn't matter where you stop to eat.

　　A. offer B. cook C. prepare D. afford

　　offer 提供

　　cook 烹饪

　　prepare 准备

　　afford 付钱

　　答案 A

　　4. When he applied for a _______ in the office of the local newspaper， he was told to see the manager.

　　A. profession B. position C. career D. location

　　profession职业

　　position 职位

　　career 职业

　　location 方位

　　She chose an academic career. 答案 B

　　5. Margaret was so ________ for news of her lost child that she was almost driven mad.

　　A. careful B. responsible C. thirsty D. hostile

　　careful 仔细的

　　responsible 负责的

　　thirsty 极度渴望的

　　hostile 敌意的

　　答案 C

　　6. It is not polite to ________ when someone is making a speech at a meeting like this.

　　A. turn up B. cut in C. speak out D. stand by

　　turn up 来到，露面

　　cut in 打断

　　speak out 大声说

　　stand by 站到……旁边

　　答案 B

　　7. The boss _______ angry when I spoke to him on the phone.

　　A. sounded B. looked C. grew D. talked

　　sounded 听起来 looked 看起来 grew 变得 talked 谈话 答案 A

　　8. All of her living cost ________2，000 yuan each month.

　　A. gets to B. equals to C. arrives at D. comes at

　　get to 到达某地

　　equal的用法：

　　equal： adj. be equal to sth./doing sth. 对某事有力量，勇气，能力等， 能胜任

　　eg. She feels equal to the task. 她认为能胜任该项工作。

　　He's equal to the occasion. 他能应付这一局面。

　　He doesn't seems equal to meeting out demance

　　equal： v. equal sb./ sth. （in sth.） 与某人（某事物）相同或相等

　　eg. He is equaled by no one in kindness. 没有人比他更善良。）

　　arrived at+地点状语 到达某处

　　comes at 达到

　　答案 D

　　9. Her face is _________ to me， but I can't remember where I saw her.

　　A. similar B. friendly C. alike D. familiar

　　similar 相似的 friendly 友好的 alike 相像的

　　familiar 熟悉的 答案 D

　　10. Jump in the car. There's enough ________ for you.

　　A. place B. seat C. room D. space

　　place 地方 seat 座位 room 空间 space 宇宙空间 place 指具体地点 答案 C

　　11. It wasn't an accident. He did it on ________.

　　A. reason B. determination C. purpose D. intention

　　reason 原因 determination 决心 on purpose 故意 intention 目的 答案 C

　　12. You'll have to pay for the holiday in _______， I'm afraid.

　　A. front B. advance C. ahead D. forward

　　front 具体位置空间的前方 in advance 提前 ahead 在……之前，不和in 连用

　　forward 向前 答案 B

　　13. The bookstore hasn't ordered ________ textbooks for all the students in the course.

　　A. enough B. plenty C. as much as D. a great deal of

　　enough 修饰名词，在名词之前

　　plenty+of as much as 不能修饰名词

　　a great deal of 修饰不可数名词。 答案 A

　　14. As I didn't have any experience， I was ________ problems.

　　A. likely to have B. probably having

　　C. probable to have D. likely having

　　be likely to do 很可能有……

　　probably 不接doing接to do

　　it's brobable for sb. that

　　答案 A

　　15. David may ________ ， but we must go at once.

　　A. stay late B. stay lately C. stay a little D. have stayed very late

　　stay late

　　stay lately lately 近来 答案 A

　　16. I don't think that your watch is _______.

　　A. worth of the price B. worth the price

　　C. worthy of the price D. worthy to buy

　　worthy： adj. a. be worthy of sth.

　　eg. Her achievements are worthy of the highest praise. 她的成就值得给予奖赏。

　　b. be worthy to do sth.

　　eg. She said she was not worthy to accept the honour they had offered her.

　　worth： adj. a. be worth + n.

　　eg. Our house is worth about $ 60，000.

　　b. be worth doing

　　eg. The book is worth reading. =It's worth reading the book.

　　n. 值某金额的量 The thieves stole $ 1 million worth of jewellery.

　　D选项正确答案：worthy to be bought 答案 B

　　17. _________， it's very tidy.

　　A. As her room is small B. Small as her room is

　　C. As small her room is D. Small as her room

　　as引导让步状语从句，句子需要倒状。Young as he is， Jack is already familiar with most of the books 答案 B

　　18. As _______ as possible he opened the door and went out into the cold December night.

　　A. quiet B. quietly C. quite D. quietly

　　quiet adj.安静的 答案 B

　　quite adv.十分，很；quite big

　　19. I felt thoroughly ________ in the crowded Manhattan.

　　A. wondered B. lost C. missed D. separated

　　wondered 怀疑 lost 迷路 missed 丢失 separated 分开 答案 B

　　20. The city has decided to _______ all the old buildings.

　　A. break away from B. get rid of C. come up with D. knock down

　　break away from 1.挣脱 The prisoner broke away from his guards. 2. 脱离某政党、政府等 A province has broken away to form a new state.

　　get rid of： 摆脱 The shop ordered 20 copies of the book and now it can't get rid of them.

　　come up with sth.： 找到或提出（答案、办法等）She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.

　　knock down： 拆除 These old houses are going to be knocked down. 答案 D