2015年教师资格证考试《中学英语学科知识与教学能力》试卷及答案(2)

请阅读Passage One，完成第21—25小题。
Passage One
Several decades ago，the US sociologists went so far as to develop a series of universal facial im．ages supposed to represent the seven basic human emotions：happiness，sadness，surprise，fear，dis-gust，anger and neutrality．But now，a new study by rcsear(•hers at the University of Glasgow indicatesthat these standardized facial images aren’t so universal after all．
For the study，the Scottish researchers found 1 3 Western Caucasians(mainly Europeans)and 1 3 East Asians(mostly Chinese students)．The volunteers wel e shown the standardized facial images and asked to identify the emotions being expressed．At the same time，the researchers electronically moni．tored the eye movements of the volunteers．
According to the results，published in the journal Current Biology，the Asian participants had a harder time than the Caucasians telling the difference between a face meant to look fearful compared with one showing surprise，and a face supposedly expressing disgust compared with one displaying anger．“This strongly suggests that the meanings of facial expressions ale different across culture．”
says Rachael Jack，who led the study．
The study also showed that the volunteers focused on different parts of the face in their efforts to understand the underlying emotions．“Westerners look at both the eyes and the mouth to the same degree，yet Easterners favor the eyes and overlook the mouth．This means that Easterners have diffi-cuhies distinguishing facial expressions that are similar around the eyes．”Ms Jack says．The faces representing fear and surprise“both have big，wide open eyes，while the mouths are very different．”
She notes．“It would be dimcult to distinguish between the tw0…if you didn’t look at the mouth．”
So why would different cultures express emotions in different ways?Ms Jack thinks it may be considered impolite in some Asian cultures to display certain emotions in an obvious manner，and that they use more subtle ways to express them．In particular，muscle movements around their eyes could be more important to expressing feelings than over-expressive mouth movements，expressing why the Asian participants focused on the eyes，she says．
21．We can learn from paragraph l that the study__________．
A．suggests different peoples use the same,facial expressions to show their emotions
B．shows that human being have more than seven basic emotions
C．there are seven basic human emotions
D．finds that different facial expressions can be easily understood across cultures
22．The fact that the Asian volunteers confused 80me facial expressions shows that__________．
A．different cultures have different facial expressions
B．people of different backgrounds share similar fac ial expressions
C．Easterners have a more complex system of facial expressions
D．Westerners and Easterners express their emotions in similar ways
23．In the experiment．the East Asian volunteers had difficulties distinguishing between fear and sur-prise because__________．
A．they found no differences between the mouths
B．they focused on the eyes and neglected the mouth
C．Easterners tend to use the eyes to express their emotions
D．Easterners express fear and surprise in the SalTle way
24．The Asian volunteers may have focused on the eyes because__________．
A．Easterners believe using the eyes to express feelings is more subtle
B．it's polite to focus on other people’S eyes in some Asian cultures
C．Easterners tend to use the eyes to express their emotions
D．it’S easier for Easterners to communicate using the eyes
25．The best title for the text would be__________．
A．How People in Different Cultures Express Themselves
B．Why the Eyes Are So Important When Talking
C．Easterners and Westerners Read Face Differently
D．Communication Gets Lost in Translation
请阅读Passage Two，完成第26一30小题。
Passage Two
Everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they gel older，but men’s minds decline more than women’S，according to the results of a worldwide survey．
Certain differences seem to be inherent in male and female brains：Men are better at maintai-ng and dealing with mental images(useful in mathematical reasoning and spatial skills)，while omen tend to excel(擅长)at recalling information from their brain’s files(helpful with language ills and remembering the locations of objects)．
Many studies have looked for a connection between sex and the amount of mental decline(衰退)people experience as they age，but the results have been mixed．
Some studies found more age-related decline in men than in women，while others saw the oppo-site or even no relationship at all between sex and mental decline．Those results could be improper because the studies involved older people，and women live longer than men：The men tested ale the survivors，“so they’re the ones that may not have shown such cognitive decline，”said study team leader Elizabeth of the University of Warwick in England．
People surveyed completed four tasks that tested sex-related cognitive skills：matching an object to its rotated form，matching lines shown from the same angle，typing as many words in a particular category(范畴)as possible in the given time，e．g．“object usually colored gray”，and recalling the location of objects in a line drawing．The first two were tasks at which men usually excel；the latter were typically dominated by women．
Within each age group studied，men and women performed better in their separate categories on average．And though performance declined with age for both genders，women showed obviously less decline than men overall．
26．The underlined word in the second paragraph means__________．
A．natural
B．great
C．obvious
D．absolute
27．According to the passage，which of the following can NOT be typed into the same category?
A．cloud
B．sheep
C．trees
D．goose
28．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?
A．Men do better than women when it comes to learning English．
B．Women stand out at remembering people’S names．
C．Men excel at typing as many words in a particular category as possible in the given time．
D．Women excel at dealing mathematic problems．
29．One important factor that affects the correctness of the resuhs is that__________．
A．the old men tested may not have shown such cognitive decline
B．people surveyed ale all old
C．people taking part in this tesl came from all over the world
D．women live longer than men
30．The author aims to tell US that__________．
A．women’S minds perform better than men’s
B．men’s minds decline more with age
C．everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older
D．a survey on human’s mind decline was done recently