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2016年下半年教师资格证考试试题及答案三——英语学科知识与教学能力(初级中学)

来源:233网校 2016年8月11日

  一、单项选择题

  1.【答案】B。解析:考查音素的分类。voiced“浊音”,dentM“齿音”,alveolar“齿龈音”,frieative"摩擦音”,plosive“爆破音”。/d/属于浊音、齿龈音和塞音。

  2.【答案】B。解析:考查同化规则。在英语中,“擦音和塞擦音”的带声性受其后辅音带声与否的影响。后面的不带声音会影响前面的带声音,发生清音化。his原来读作/hiz/,pen读作/pen/,而在正常连贯的言语中,读作/his pen/。故选B。

  3.【答案】B。解析:考查介词短语辨析。根据前半句意思得知总经理是个果断的人,因此后半句要表述的应该是当他做决定的时候不会进退两难。in a sudden“匆匆之间”,in a dilemma"进退两难”,in a hurry“立刻”.in aflash“一瞬间”。根据语境B项最合适。

  4.【答案】A。解析:考查形容词辨析。句意为“我们的研究集中在一种能够改变大脑化学的药物上”。powerful“强有力的,效力大的”,influential“有影响的,有势力的”,monstrous“巨大的”,vigorous“精力旺盛的.强健有力的”。这四个形容词中,只有powerful可与表示药物的名词搭配。故选A。

  5.【答案】B。解析:考查名词辨析。dot意为“点”,hint意为“暗示,细微的迹象”,notion意为“概念,看法”,phrase意为“短语,词组”。根据句意“他的声音里有不耐烦的意昧”可知,B项符合。

  6.【答案】D。解析:考查比较句型。than用作比较时需要与比较级连用,排除B。more than和rather than均可表示对比,但前后的比较项应为平行结构。本题中作比较的是goingtothe cinema,所以需要用动名词watching,故选D。

  7.【答案】C。解析:考查主语从句和感叹句。该句为主语从句,前半部分为感叹句,句意为“一个好的皮影戏依赖于操纵皮影的人的唱功与手法”。故选C。

  8.【答案】D。解析:考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语The defense works(防御工程)是集合名词,当成整体考虑,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。long ago表示过去的时间,所以用一般过去时态的被动语态。故选D。

  9.【答案】C。解析:考查语句之间的涵义关系。A项表示“同义关系”,B项表示“矛盾关系”,C项表示“蕴涵关系”,D项表示“预设关系”。分析题干可知,他喜欢狗,那么他一定喜欢动物;他喜欢动物,但不一定喜欢狗。因此,由X能推出Y,但是由Y推不出X,X包含Y。故选C。

  10.【答案】B。解析:考查会话含义理论。A向B打听Mr.Brown在哪儿,B回答说“该市南部郊区的某个地方”。显然B没有提供充足的信息量,但这可能是因为他自己也不是很清楚确切地址。为了遵守质量(quality)准则,他只好违反数量(quantity)准则第一条次则——使你的话语如(交谈的当前目的)所要求的那样信息充分。故选B。

  11.【答案】B。解析:考查阅读教学模式。就阅读教学的模式来说,主要有三种:自上而下的模式(top.Down model),自下而上的模式(bottom.up model)和交互补偿模式(interactive model)。在自下而上的模式中,学生从字母,到单词,到句子,逐个进行解码从而理解全文。

  12.【答案】C。解析:考查词汇教学。当学生学习词汇的用法时,学生应注意词汇的搭配(collocation)、短语(phrases)、习语(idioms)、风俗(style)和语域(register)等,故选C。A、B、D三个选项均属于词汇的信息(basic information)o

  13.【答案】D。解析:考查听力教学。为保证听力活动的效果,课堂气氛应是轻松活跃的。故选D。

  14.【答案】B。解析:考查口语教学。口语教学有很多种活动,包括控制性活动、半控制性活动、交际性活动等。交际性活动又包括很多,例如信息差活动、讨论、辩论、访谈、解决问题的活动、以流利性为导向的游戏等。Accuracy.focused games属于控制性活动。故选B。

  15.【答案】D。解析:考查写作教学。学生在写作中犯错几乎是难以避免的情况,但是教师要不怕学生犯错并鼓励他们运用较难的词汇和句子,这样学生的写作能力才会提高,故A错误。教师如果经常对错误持消极的态度,就会阻碍学生的写作热情,不利于写作技能的提高,故B错。教师在批阅作文时,不应该自己把所有的错误都改正,而应该指出错误并让学生自己去改,以培养学生独立写作的能力,C项错误,故选D。

  16.【答案】C。解析:考查课堂管理。学生小组活动时教师最好在教室里走动,监控活动完成情况,为学生提供帮助。有必要时教师可以参与活动,但不宜过度,否则会影响到课程的管理。

  17.【答案】B。解析:考查教学评价。测试属于终结性评价的方式。学习者记录袋、课堂观察、问卷调查都属于形成性评价的方式。

  18.【答案】D。解析:考查“好”教材应具备的特征。好的教材,应该考虑到不同层次学生的需求.以及不同学生的学习风格,因此D项错误。

  19.【答案】B。解析:考查教学评价。教学评价标准包括目标参照性评价、常模参照性评价和个体参照性评价。对一个学生与其之前的表现相比作评价,属于个体参照性评价。故选B。

  20.【答案】D。解析:考查教师角色。教师在要求学生进行小组任务前,先给全班同学分配角色,这体现了教师的组织者角色。故选D。

  Passage l

  21.【答案】B。解析:题干指明将答案定位在第一、二段,文章前两段讲到,安吉拉·阿伦茨的收入远远多于她的丈夫,他们的婚姻却持续了很久,这让作者颇为惊讶。根据第二段末句“I suspect the real genius of Ms Ahrendts lies less…than in persuading Gregg to marry her—and to stick with her ever since”可推知,当妻子比丈夫收入高时将很难维持婚姻。

  22.【答案】A。解析:chucked所在句子为“He chucked to follow her to the UK when she became head of Burberry”,结合下文“he seems to have spent the last eight years mainly looking after their three children.Revamping their home…”可知,当她成为博柏利的首席执行官时,他应该是放弃了自己的工作跟随她来到了英国。A项“放弃”符合原文。

  23.【答案】D。解析:根据题干中的the problem when the wife earns more than her husband可定位至第三段“how hard it is:high-earning women have difficulty finding a husband,and when they do,he is five times as likely to be unfaithful as other husbands.The woman will probably do more than her share of chores;though in the unusual event that he starts ironing and cooking,he is likely to end up feeling so unmanly.”由此可知,A、B、C都正确,而D项“女人会看不起比自己收入低的丈夫”,文章中并没有提到这一点。

  24.【答案】C。解析:题干指明将答案定位在文章最后一段末句“One fiercely clever young male colleague says his equally clever feminist girlfriend has told him she could never marry a man who earned less as she didn’t fancy a life spent propping up his ego.”(他同样聪明的女权主义女友曾经告诉他,她绝不可能跟一个挣得比自己少的男人结婚。因为她不愿把一辈子花在维护他的自尊心上。)由此可知,如果妻子比丈夫收入高,那么婚姻得以继续的保障便是“一辈子维护他的自尊心”,可见,自尊心的丧失是导致离婚的关键性因素,C项符合。

  25.【答案】B。解析:通读全文可知,当妻子比丈夫收入高时会产生一系列问题,最终难逃以离婚收场,作者身边的朋友就出现了很多类似的情况,文章以真实事例引入话题,进而引用相关数据和研究论证这一说法,并以身边朋友为例,进一步证实这一说法的正确性。可见,文章主要内容是:当妻子比丈夫收入高时便会面临离婚的危险。

  Passage 2

  26.【答案】B。解析:文章第一段讲到,“如今,越来越多的电子设备正学着扮演母亲的角色,提醒你多锻炼、吃慢点、去刷牙。现在有家公司干脆决定用“母亲”给一款新产品命名了。”可见,如今的电子产品越来越人性化了。故答案为B。A项没有根据;C项文章未提到;D项属于过度推测。

  27.【答案】D。解析:根据题目中的“dubbed cookies”and“mother”可定位至第二段,根据第二段第四句“Mother’s potential use is intriguing:Each Mother unit talks wirelessly to a set of smaller tracking devices,dubbed cookies.which can sense motion and temperature."可知.“曲奇”不仅可以与“母亲”无线通话,还能为“母亲”收集数据,如人或物体的动作和温度。D项符合题意。

  28.【答案】B。解析:根据题目中的“Things of Internet”和Rafi Haladjian可定位至文章第六段第二句

  “Mother’S maker.Raft Haladjian,told me he thinks having separate devices for all these things is too expensive and too cumbersome because thev can’t talk to each other.”,由此可知。Rafi Haladjian认为“物联网”太昂贵,而且不同设备之问不能相互交流,可见不实用。B项符合题意。

  29.【答案】D。解析:根据题目中的“the design goal of‘mother…可定位至第七段“Mother,which costs$222 for a base unit and four cookies,is designed to be repurposed as new challenges or needs spring to mind,he said.It’s kind oflike a mobile device that can run an ever.changing array of apps.”,由此可知,A、B、C三项均符合原文文意,D项文章未提到,故选择D。

  30.【答案】A。解析:文章主要介绍了一款名为“母亲”的电子产品,介绍了“母亲”的外观、工作原理和设计理念等。A项意为“一款颓的电子产品——‘母亲’将会在你身边唠叨”,包含了文章的主旨大意;B项意为“一款新的电子产品上市”,并没有提到本文的中心词“母亲”;C项意为“‘母亲’比其他电子设备更好”,文章并没有提到;D项意为…母亲’将会关心你”,并未提及“母亲”是什么产品。因此,正确答案是A。

  二、简答题

  31.【参考答案】

  (1)词汇教学首先应考虑的是词汇教学内容的问题。一般来说包括词义、用法、词汇信息和词汇记忆策略四方面内容。

  ①词义包括单词的概念意义和关联意义。概念意义指词汇的外延。关联意义指一个单词的文化含义以及在具体的语用环境下的意义,又称为词汇的内涵。

  ②词汇的用法包括词汇的搭配、短语、习语、风格、语域。不同的单词所使用的场合不同。就语域而言,词汇有正式与非正式、褒义与贬义、抽象与具体之分。

  ③词汇信息包括词类、词的前缀和后缀、词的拼写和发音等。

  ④词汇教学中所培养的包括词汇的记忆技巧和学习词汇的策略。

  (2)教师在词汇课上常用的词汇教学模式有:PPT模式和TBLT模式。

  PPT模式由Presentation(呈现)、Practice(练习)、Testing(测试)三个阶段组成。

  ①呈现:教师借助实物、图片、视频、行为等方式呈现单词的意义和用法。

  ②练习:通过匹配、替换、表演、猜测、词汇接龙等练习活动。训练和巩固所学词汇。

  ③测试:设置语境运用所学词汇,或者设计活动了解学生对词汇音、形、义的掌握程度。

  TBLT(Task-based language teaching)模式要求词汇教学中应按照任务型教学的原则设计与词汇相关的任务。按照任务型教学的原则,词汇学习不只是了解单词的意义与功能。更重要的是利用词汇完成阅读、听力和写作的任务。因此采用TBLT模式,教师应在呈现的基础上,更加强调词汇的运用环节,让学生在运用中理解和掌握词汇。

  三、教学情境分析题

  32.【参考答案】

  (1)教师设计的两个活动都属于机械型操练活动。机械型操练活动的作用是帮助学生熟记、掌握语法规则和形式,一般使用互不连接的单独结构、短语或句子。常见的练习形式有重述操练、替换操练、并句操练等。该教学片段中的两个活动,第一个是重述操练,第二个是记忆挑战,都属于机械性操练活动。

  (2)该设计存在以下问题:

  ①活动没有明确的交际目的,只是在机械地操练语言。

  ②活动没有情境,很难引起学生兴趣,无法令学生产生交际的欲望和真正的交流的需要。

  ③教师更关注语言的结构和形式而非意义和内容。因此,学生在进行这两项语言活动时,更关注的是怎样说,而不是说什么。

  ④由于活动形式有限,学生只能进行极少部分的语言替换,语言形式固定单一,没有使用多样化语言即兴表达的可能。

  ⑤教师设计的活动非但没有减少反而增加了学生的焦虑感和紧张感。特别是活动2,学生一直在努力记住前面学生的话。很难将注意力集中于自己要表达的内容上。

  ⑥活动规则决定了评价的唯一标准是学生语言的正确程度。学生会有意无意地选择自己有把握的语言表达.失去了语言活动的意义。

  (3)语法练习的形式有多种,教师可以遵循语言学习的规律,层层深入,循序渐进地设计教学实践活动。例如:

  ①在活动1结束之后,以图画、图表、关键词等提示信息为基础设计意义型的语法练习。

  ②在进行意义型练习之后,教师可以布置一个贴近学生生活、更真实的任务,让学生在真实的语言情境中进行情境对话、角色表演等,让他们在饶有兴趣的语言实践中进行交际,从而感知语言、运用语言、内化语言。

  四、教学设计题

  33.【参考设计】

  'leaching Contents: A passage about "The Difficult Search for American Goods in the US".

  Teaching Objectives:

  Knowledge objectives:

  (1) Students can catch the main idea of the passage.

  (2) Students can master the usage of those, they, it, etc.

  Ability objectives:

  (1) Students are able to use "those, they, it" in their daily conversations.

  (2) Students are able to use the two reading strategies--skimming and scanning to find out the main idea and the detail information of a passage.

  Emotional objectives:

  Students can develop the habit of focusing on national affairs.

  Teaching Key Point:

  To further improve their reading skills like skimming and scanning.

  Teaching Difficult Point:

  How to use those, they, it, etc. to refer to some words.

  Teaching Procedures:

  Step 1 Pre-reading (3 minutes)

  (1) The teacher asks students to talk about their traveling experience and what they want to buy if they go abroad.

  (2) The teacher asks students to read the title of the passage and predict what the passage may talk about.

  (Justification: This step can develop students' communication skills and broaden their way of thinking. It also makes a preparation for the next reading activity.)

  Step 2 While-reading (13 minutes)

  (1) Fast reading

  Task: The teacher asks students to skim the passage, and answer the questions.

  ①What is the main idea of the passage?

  ② What two things did Kang Jian want to buy in America?

  ③ Where were they made?

  After reading, some students will be invited to share their ideas and the teacher will give them proper assessment and positive reply.

  (Justification: Students' skimming ability can be improved through this step, from which they can master the general meaning of the passage, Positive feedback can encourage students to participate in class activity.)

  (2) Careful reading

  Task 1: The teacher asks students to read the passage carefully and do the "True or False" exercises.

  E.g. He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in USA.

  The teacher checks the answers and gives students positive feedback.

  Then the teacher check the answers.

  Task 2: The teacher asks students to read the passage carefully and answer some questions.

  ①Where did Kang Jian go to visit his aunt and uncle?

  ② What did he discover in the toy stores?

  ③Why did he have to visit many stores before buying a pair of basketball shoes?

  ④ What did he realize after his shopping experiences?

  ⑤Why do yon think so many products in America are made in China? How do you feel about lhis?

  The teacher asks some students to share their ideas and give them proper assessment.

  Task 5: The teacher asks students to read the passage again, discuss what the underlined words refer to with their partners and write them down on their paper.

  ①No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries. those:

  ② He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China. it:

  ③ I wanted to buy a toy car for my cousin, but even though most of the toys had American brands, they were made in China.

  they:

  The teacher explains the usage of "those, it and they" to students and asks them to make two sentences like the sentences above.

  (Justification: Students' scanning skill can be improved through Task 1 and Task 2, from which they can master the way to find out the specific information of the passage and express their own ideas about it. Task 3 can not only

  improve their skill of careful reading, but also improve their language competence. )

  Step 3 Post-reading (4 minutes)

  Divide the students into several groups and ask them to give some suggestions about how to get better at making high-technology products that people can buy in all parts of the world.

  Then the teacher asks them to show their suggestions to the class and gives them feedback.

  (Justification: The discussion can make students exchange their personal opinions and stimulate their interest in national affairs.)

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